Topic
Crystal oven
About: Crystal oven is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 955 publications have been published within this topic receiving 10380 citations. The topic is also known as: oven-controlled crystal oscillator & OCXO.
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01 Aug 1928
TL;DR: In this article, a system for producing alternating current of audible frequency of a very high degree of precision was described, where the energy necessary to sustain the oscillations of the quartz bar is returned to it acoustically.
Abstract: In this paper is described a system for producing alternating current of audible frequency of a very high degree of precision. The chief novelty in the system consists in the manner in which the energy necessary to sustain the oscillations of the quartz bar is returned to it. This "feed-back" is accomplished acoustically and the extremely loose coupling thereby secured insures that the generated frequency is practically uninfluenced by inertia effects of electrodes or variations in tube constants. There is also described the installation of the auxiliary apparatus to permit the continuous operation of the oscillator over very long periods of time and to measure the generated frequency with the highest possible precision.
1 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the autostabilized light modulator at microwave frequency is analyzed by considering its resonance frequency shift, based on thermal effects by heat produced in the modulator crystal by the microwave power and heat transfer from the crystal to an ambient medium.
Abstract: The autostabilized light modulator at microwave frequency is analyzed by considering its resonance frequency shift. This analysis is based on thermal effects by heat produced in the modulator crystal by the microwave power and heat transfer from the crystal to an ambient medium. It is found that as long as the crystal temperature T does not exceed the transition temperature Tc of the crystal the state will be stable and the stability of the modulator is determined by the temperature dependence of dielectric constant and loss tangent of the crystal. The operation of the autostabilized modulator was examined by using an ADP crystal at 7GHz. This modulator is applied to the light transmission of video signals and the very successful results are obtained without any adjustments for a few days operation.
1 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, a novel approach to the problem of temperature compensation for crystal oscillators is described with applications to medium and low-frequency resonators, where the authors apply it to medium-and low frequency resonators.
Abstract: A novel approach to the problem of temperature compensation for crystal oscillators is described with applications to medium- and low-frequency resonators.
1 citations
01 Jan 1993
TL;DR: In this paper, a model was formulated that takes into account the effects of the resonator impedance on the noise levels occurring in an emitter coupled oscillator and its associated buffer circuit.
Abstract: The common method to predict the phase noise for crystal controlled oscillators is to use Leeson's model. Unfortunately, many oscillator circuits do not give results consistent with this simple model because of the interaction between the active devices and the frequency control element. A model has been formulated that takes into account the effects of the resonator impedance on the noise levels occurring in an emitter coupled oscillator and its associated buffer circuit. This model uses the standard transistor noise sources to predict the output noise level of a circuit with the resonator connected to the transistor emitter. The model was also used to analyze the performance of a high performance crystal oscillator that exhibits a low phase noise floor and minimal frequency chirp after power is applied. The drive level needs to be kept as low as possible to prevent frequency pulling caused by heating of the crystal. A transformer is used in the oscillating transistor emitter to control the drive power to the resonator while optimizing the loaded Q of the circuit. A wideband noise floor below -172 dBc/Hz has been achieved while dissipating less than one-half milliwatt of power in the resonator. Higher crystal drive levels provide correspondingly lower noise floors.
1 citations