Showing papers on "Cultural heritage published in 2014"
TL;DR: In this article, the authors provide an extensive portrait of the current proposition of serious games in the cultural sector, highlighting the educational objectives of games in this domain and analysing the complex relations between genre, context of use, technological solutions and learning effectiveness.
424 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the Intangible Heritage as Metacultural Production (IHMP) is presented as a Metaculture Production approach to the preservation of the IHMP.
Abstract: (2004). Intangible Heritage as Metacultural Production1. Museum International: Vol. 56, No. 1-2, pp. 52-65.
418 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, a survey was conducted with tourists in the municipality of Winterswijk to gain understanding of the services valued by cultural service users, a survey collected data on landscape preferences for individual landscape features, and the structure and composition of the landscape as a whole.
340 citations
TL;DR: In the search to develop a complete 3D reconstruction pipeline, this work has comprehensively studied techniques related to this topic and divided the 3D digitization process in four major overviews: image acquisition, view registration, mesh integration and texture generation.
179 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, a real case concerning the reuse of historical buildings in the metropolitan area of Torino (Italy), the authors explored the contribution of Multi-Attribute Value Theory (MAVT) for decision problems in the field of cultural heritage.
167 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the authors used spatially explicit sea-level estimates for the next 2000 years and high-resolution topography data to compute which cultural heritage sites will be affected by sea level rise at different levels of sustained future warming.
Abstract: The world population is concentrated near the coasts, as are a large number of Cultural World Heritage sites, defined by the UNESCO. Using spatially explicit sea-level estimates for the next 2000 years and high-resolution topography data, we compute which current cultural heritage sites will be affected by sea-level rise at different levels of sustained future warming. As indicators for the pressure on future cultural heritage we estimate the percentage of each country’s area loss, and the percentage of current population living in regions that will be permanently below sea level, for different temperature levels. If the current global mean temperature was sustained for the next two millennia, about 6% (40 sites) of the UNESCO sites will be affected, and 0.7% of global land area will be below mean sea level. These numbers increase to 19% (136 sites) and 1.1% for a warming of 3 K. At this warming level, 3–12 countries will experience a loss of more than half of their current land surface, 25–36 countries lose at least 10% of their territory, and 7% of the global population currently lives in regions that will be below local sea level. Given the millennial scale lifetime of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere, our results indicate that fundamental decisions with regard to mankind’s cultural heritage are required.
143 citations
10 Sep 2014
TL;DR: This paper aims to design a IoT architecture that is able to support the designing of a smart museum, a static cultural space that becomes intelligent thanks to the definition of an innovative model of sensors and services.
Abstract: The adoption of the Internet of Things (IoT) paradigm constitutes the basic building block to progress towards unified ICT platforms for a variety of applications within the large framework of the smart cities. Unfortunately, designing a general architecture for IoT is still a very complex challenge, since in such system may be involved several devices, link layer technologies and services. Cultural Heritage represents a worldwide resource of inestimable value and it gains more and more importance when embedded into the digital ecosystem of a smart city. In this paper we focus specifically to design a IoT architecture that is able to support the designing of a smart museum, a static cultural space that becomes intelligent thanks to the definition of an innovative model of sensors and services. Furthermore, the paper will present and discuss a real case of study, placed in a temporary art exhibition of sculptures in the Maschio Angioino Castle, located in Naples, Italy.
128 citations
TL;DR: The State of Conservation (SOC) as mentioned in this paper is a state party to the United Nations' 1972 Convention on World Heritage, and it was created by the World Heritage Center in conjunction with its Advisory Bodies that relay the condition of World Heritage properties to the UNESCO World Heritage Committee.
Abstract: The title, States of Conservation, deliberately references the two “states” that now occupy critical yet oppositional nodes within UNESCO’s 1972 Convention and its conservation agenda. It recalls the State of Conservation (SOC) reports commissioned by the World Heritage Center in conjunction with its Advisory Bodies that relay the condition of World Heritage properties to the UNESCO World Heritage Committee. But more critically, “states” here also refers to the most powerful, emergent players in World Heritage Site inscription and protection processes—the States Parties of the 1972 Convention. Many researchers have debated the merits and consequences of World Heritage. While this work remains critical, my own contribution specifically traces the international political pacting, national economic interests, and voting blocs through which particular states increasingly set the World Heritage agenda and recast UNESCO as an agency for global branding rather than global conservation. I contend that as the rush for World Heritage inscription increases and economic and geo-political pacting between nations intensifies, the resources, concerns, and commitments for conservation of sites already inscribed potentially declines. The politics of inscription has now spilled over into the politics of conservation and endangerment. But whereas the former seeks international status and socio-economic benefits through global branding, the
117 citations
TL;DR: Accounting for human-related values of these trees is an important part of conservation policy because it may strengthen conservation by highlighting the potential synergies in protecting ecological and social values.
Abstract: In addition to providing key ecological functions, large old trees are a part of a social realm and as such provide numerous social-cultural benefits to people. However, their social and cultural values are often neglected when designing conservation policies and management guidelines. We believe that awareness of large old trees as a part of human identity and cultural heritage is essential when addressing the issue of their decline worldwide. Large old trees provide humans with aesthetic, symbolic, religious, and historic values, as well as concrete tangible benefits, such as leaves, branches, or nuts. In many cultures particularly large trees are treated with reverence. Also, contemporary popular culture utilizes the image of trees as sentient beings and builds on the ancient myths that attribute great powers to large trees. Although the social and cultural role of large old trees is usually not taken into account in conservation, accounting for human-related values of these trees is an important part of conservation policy because it may strengthen conservation by highlighting the potential synergies in protecting ecological and social values.
117 citations
15 Sep 2014
TL;DR: It is expected that 3D Printing will not only become vital in the field of reconstruction of objects, but also for research, documentation, preservation and educational purposes, and it has the potential to serve these purposes in an accessible and all-inclusive way.
Abstract: Additive manufacturing, if seconded by a paradigm change to the museum model, can be employed in many ways to reintegrate touch, and other non-retinal senses into our cultural experiences. These multi-sensorial forms of experiencing culture also have a great benefit for the accessibility of cultural heritage, especially for persons with learning difficulties, for children, the elderly, for blind or visually impaired visitors. 3D Printing is in a phase of rapid technological changes and promises more enhancing experiences for the field of cultural heritage. This would provide a more holistic appreciation of the produced objects, but make it necessary to develop basic guidelines for 3D printed models. We expect that 3D Printing will not only become vital in the field of reconstruction of objects, but also for research, documentation, preservation and educational purposes, and it has the potential to serve these purposes in an accessible and all-inclusive way.
117 citations
TL;DR: A number of charters, declarations and publications have been conceived to recalibrate the international field of heritage governance in ways that address the perceived inadequacies of documents underpinning today's global conservation movement, such as the 1964 Venice Charter as mentioned in this paper.
Abstract: There is a long-standing debate concerning the suitability of European or ‘western’ approaches to the conservation of cultural heritage in other parts of world. The Cultural Charter for Africa (1976), The Burra Charter (1979) and Nara Document on Authenticity (1994) are notable manifestations of such concerns. These debates are particularly vibrant in Asia today. This article highlights a number of charters, declarations and publications that have been conceived to recalibrate the international field of heritage governance in ways that address the perceived inadequacies of documents underpinning today’s global conservation movement, such as the 1964 Venice Charter. But as Venice has come to stand as a metonym for a ‘western’ conservation approach, intriguing questions arise concerning what is driving these assertions of geographic, national or civilisational difference in Asia. To address such questions, the article moves between a number of explanatory frameworks. It argues declarations about Asia’s cult...
TL;DR: In this article, the authors used a cultural tourism potential audit tool to evaluate the experiential value of a collection of Chinese heritage assets in the regional city of Bendigo, Australia.
TL;DR: In this article, the authors consider the limitations of the ecosystem services paradigm by examining one category of ecosystem services: cultural services, including the environmental basis for esthetic, spiritual, and recreational experiences, cultural heritage, sense of place, and ways of life.
TL;DR: In this article, the authors present an exploratory, empirical study focusing on both the nature and relevance of corporate heritage identity as employed by managers for corporate identity management purposes, and provide a normative framework of actionable categories of activities related to the management and implementation of substantive corporate heritage identities dimensions.
06 Jun 2014-ISPRS - International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences
TL;DR: Different camera network geometries, with normal and convergent images, are analyzed and the accuracy of the produced results are compared to ground truth measurements.
Abstract: . The easy generation of 3D geometries (point clouds or polygonal models) with fully automated image-based methods poses nontrivial problems on how to check a posteriori the quality of the achieved results. Clear statements and procedures on how to plan the camera network, execute the survey and use automatic tools to achieve the prefixed requirements are still an open issue. Although such issues had been discussed and solved some years ago, the importance of camera network geometry is today often underestimated or neglected in the cultural heritage field. In this paper different camera network geometries, with normal and convergent images, are analyzed and the accuracy of the produced results are compared to ground truth measurements.
Book•
01 Jan 2014
TL;DR: In this article, the authors discuss the contribution of geomatic techniques in archaeology and more generally in cultural heritage with particular attentions to the 3D domain, focusing on the main areas involved in the implementation of 3D surveys (aerial and terrestrial LiDAR, photogrammetry, remote sensing).
Abstract: The book derives from the experiences of the authors as lecturers and tutors at different international summer schools on reality-based surveying and 3D modelling in the field of archaeology and cultural heritage. The book is organized in three main sections. The first part aims to introduce and discuss the contribution of geomatic techniques in archaeology and more generally in cultural heritage with particular attentions to the 3D domain. The second part is focused on the main areas involved in the implementation of 3D surveys (aerial and terrestrial LiDAR, photogrammetry, remote sensing), 3D documentations, GIS and 3D interpretations (virtual and cyber archaeology). The last section collects some relevant case studies showing the extraordinary contribution that geomatic techniques can give to archaeological research and cultural heritage at different scales of detail: object, site, landscape.
TL;DR: Zebedee as discussed by the authors is a handheld mobile mapping system for large scale cultural heritage sites, which is capable of efficiently mapping an environment in 3D by continually acquiring data as an operator holding the device traverses through the site.
TL;DR: In this paper, the first step to overcoming barriers successfully, is to better understand the processes for both, historic preservation and solar PV project implementation, and to foster working with professionals in each sector to receive appropriate support and guidance.
TL;DR: This paper provides one of the first applications using a spatial autoregressive model to investigate the impact of cultural heritage—in particular, listed buildings and historic–cultural sites—on the value of real estate in cities and suggests a novel way of specifying the spatial weight matrix in identifying the spatial dependency effects between sold properties.
Abstract: The current literature often values intangible goods like cultural heritage by applying stated preference methods. In recent years, however, the increasing availability of large databases on real estate transactions and listed prices has opened up new research possibilities and has reduced various existing barriers to applications of conventional (spatial) hedonic analysis to the real estate market. The present paper provides one of the first applications using a spatial autoregressive model to investigate the impact of cultural heritage—in particular, listed buildings and historic–cultural sites (or historic landmarks)—on the value of real estate in cities. In addition, this paper suggests a novel way of specifying the spatial weight matrix—only prices of sold houses influence current price—in identifying the spatial dependency effects between sold properties. The empirical application in the present study concerns the Dutch urban area of Zaanstad, a historic area for which over a long period of more than 20 years detailed information on individual dwellings, and their market prices are available in a GIS context. In this paper, the effect of cultural heritage is analysed in three complementary ways. First, we measure the effect of a listed building on its market price in the relevant area concerned. Secondly, we investigate the value that listed heritage has on nearby property. And finally, we estimate the effect of historic–cultural sites on real estate prices. We find that, to purchase a listed building, buyers are willing to pay an additional 26.9 %, while surrounding houses are worth an extra 0.28 % for each additional listed building within a 50-m radius. Houses sold within a conservation area appear to gain a premium of 26.4 % which confirms the existence of a ‘historic ensemble’ effect.
TL;DR: In this article, the authors propose a theoretical middle path for the burgeoning field of heritage studies by avoiding the pitfalls of both the reverential approach of "heritage belief" and the overly critical one of 'heritage atheism'.
Abstract: Avoiding the pitfalls of both the reverential approach of ‘heritage belief’ and the overly critical one of ‘heritage atheism’, ‘heritage agnosticism’ is proposed as a theoretical middle path for the burgeoning field of heritage studies The cases of Kyoto and the UNESCO World Heritage arena demonstrate the limits of a purely deconstructive analysis The popular demand for historical veracity and authenticity, lay historicities, the ethnographic study of heritage institutions, and personal attachments to heritage are research topics that will benefit from heritage agnosticism, particularly if it accounts for the full variety of both professional and lay positions and voices
TL;DR: In this article, the authors discuss the concept of strategy in the field of heritage conservation, with a focus on a new conservation approach that promotes the empowerment of local communities and sustainable development: a living heritage approach.
Abstract: Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to discuss the concept of strategy in the field of heritage conservation, with a focus on a new conservation approach that promotes the empowerment of local communities and sustainable development: a living heritage approach. Design/methodology/approach – The approaches to heritage conservation are outlined: a material-based approach defines the principles of western-based conservation, a values-based approach expands these principles, while a living heritage approach clearly challenges the established principles. These approaches are, then, analysed from the perspective of strategy, and a living heritage approach is seen as an example of strategic innovation. The process by which ICCROM develops a living heritage approach at an international level is also examined. Findings – Choosing the “appropriate” conservation approach depends on the specific conditions of each heritage place. Yet, for the cases of living heritage in particular (with communities with an origina...
TL;DR: In this paper, a preliminary profile of heritage tourists to Hue city and identifying different categories of tourists, with a special focus on package tourists, was provided. But, there are almost no official statistics and research pertaining to heritage tourism as well as heritage tourists in Hue.
Abstract: Heritage, especially with World Heritage status, is increasingly becoming the main attraction of many tourist destinations. Heritage tourism is also the major tourism product in Hue city, Vietnam. Hitherto, there are almost no official statistics and research pertaining to heritage tourism as well as heritage tourists in Hue. This study aims at providing a preliminary profile of heritage tourists to Hue city and identifying different categories of heritage tourists, with a special focus on package tourists. The international heritage tourists' profile seems to be similar to official statistics of international arrivals, indicating almost no difference in socio-demographic profile between heritage tourists and general tourists in the context of Hue. Various significant differences were found between international and domestic tourists in terms of tourist characteristics, trip profile and the perception of Hue. Adopting McKercher's [(2002) Towards a classification of cultural tourists. International Journal...
01 Jan 2014
TL;DR: In this paper, a critical and analytical framework with which to explore the ways in which popular music heritage in the UK (or in England more specifically) is variously understood, discussed, critiqued, practised or performed is proposed.
Abstract: The purpose of this paper is to set out a critical and analytical framework with which to explore the ways in which popular music heritage in the UK (or in England more specifically) is variously understood, discussed, critiqued, practised or performed Developed as part of a large-scale European project examining popular music, cultural heritage and cultural memory, our analysis is based on qualitative studies of popular music heritage discourses that reflect a broad cross section of sectors, institutions and industries Adapting Smith’s concept of authorised heritage discourse, we propose a three-way analytical framework that theoretically and methodologically foregrounds those practices and processes of authorisation that variously ascribe music heritage discourses with value, legitimacy and social and cultural capital Focusing our discussion on the example of music heritage plaques, we identify three categories of heritage discourse: (1) official authorised popular music heritage, (2) self-authorised
TL;DR: The European Capitals of Culture (ECOC) is probably the best example of the new trends of cultural tourism in Europe, which is therefore used in this article to demonstrate some of the key issues surrounding the event-led strategy for cultural tourism development.
Abstract: One of the major forms of cultural tourism development undertaken throughout Europe has been the staging of a growing number of cultural events. The event of European Capitals of Culture (ECOC) is probably the best example of the new trends of cultural tourism in Europe, which is therefore used in this article to demonstrate some of the key issues surrounding the event-led strategy for cultural tourism development. Based on case study, historical approach and document analysis, this study reviewed systematically the cases, documents and literatures of ECOC over a 20-year period. The research findings point to a number of ways in which the ECOC constitutes a boost for the development of cultural tourism in terms of realizing experience economy, enhancing city image, facilitating urban regeneration, promoting cultural production and consumption, as well as establishing partnerships.
06 Jun 2014-ISPRS - International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors show how photogrammetry can be a valid and reliable technique for creating 3D models of museum artefacts even in case of objects with difficult optical properties (absorptivity, reflectivity, scattering), challenging texture and complex shape/geometry).
Abstract: . The process of creating 3D accurate and faithful textured models from 2D images has been a major endeavor within the cultural heritage field. This field has general requirements, such as accuracy, portability and costs, that are often integrated by more specific needs such as the integration of color information. The aim of this paper is to show how photogrammetry can be a valid and reliable techniques for creating 3D models of museum artefacts even in case of objects with materials featuring difficult optical properties (absorptivity, reflectivity, scattering), challenging texture and complex shape/geometry. The main objective is to establish some core specifications for data acquisition and modeling, in order to guarantee the scientific quality of data and the interoperability of 3D models with the archaeologists and conservators. All these aspects are taken into consideration and presented with three study cases (two statues – one made of marble and one made of bronze – and a restored ceramic jug). The established, comprehensive and accessible pipeline for the creation of complex artefacts 3D models in the field of cultural heritage is presented and discussed.
Book•
28 Oct 2014
TL;DR: In this article, the collected wisdom of international leaders in the theory and practice of crowdsourcing in cultural heritage is discussed, along with case studies of ground-breaking projects from leading cultural heritage and academic institutions.
Abstract: Crowdsourcing, or asking the general public to help contribute to shared goals, is increasingly popular in memory institutions as a tool for digitising or computing vast amounts of data. This book brings together for the first time the collected wisdom of international leaders in the theory and practice of crowdsourcing in cultural heritage. It features eight accessible case studies of ground-breaking projects from leading cultural heritage and academic institutions, and four thought-provoking essays that reflect on the wider implications of this engagement for participants and on the institutions themselves.
Crowdsourcing in cultural heritage is more than a framework for creating content: as a form of mutually beneficial engagement with the collections and research of museums, libraries, archives and academia, it benefits both audiences and institutions. However, successful crowdsourcing projects reflect a commitment to developing effective interface and technical designs.
This book will help practitioners who wish to create their own crowdsourcing projects understand how other institutions devised the right combination of source material and the tasks for their 'crowd'. The authors provide theoretically informed, actionable insights on crowdsourcing in cultural heritage, outlining the context in which their projects were created, the challenges and opportunities that informed decisions during implementation, and reflecting on the results. This book will be essential reading for information and cultural management professionals, students and researchers in universities, corporate, public or academic libraries, museums and archives.
TL;DR: Nesi et al. as mentioned in this paper proposed a mobile augmented reality for cultural dissemination, which merges the virtual and the real worlds and offers important support in all planning processes using mobile devices, planning information can be implemented with smart and participative solutions for a dynamic fruition of cultural heritage.
Abstract: Augmented reality is a new technology that merges the virtual and the real worlds and offers important support in all planning processes. Using mobile devices, planning information can be implemented with smart and participative solutions for a dynamic fruition of cultural heritage [Brondi, R., Carrozzino, M., Tecchia, F., & Bergamasco, M. (2012) Mobile augmented reality for cultural dissemination, in: P. Nesi & R. Santucci (Eds), ECLAP 2012 Conference on Information Technologies for Performing Arts, Media and Entertainment, pp. 113–118 (Firenze: Firenze University Press); Hatzelhoffer, L., et al. (2012) Smart City in Practice: Innovation Lab Between Vision and Reality (Jovis). Technologies are important tools because they make a city smart by making concrete contributions to trigger dynamic processes of place-based development. Three important factors improve urban planning fruition: participation in the early stages of listening and co-design; enlightened governance and new technology. This paper (1) pr...
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors propose that different conceptions of authenticity can coexist within the tourist setting, whereby new technologies can be implemented to strengthen heritage sites as tourism attractions while still paying attention to authenticity and ongoing authentication.
Abstract: Authenticity in reconstructions of the past is essential to heritage management, and new technologies have made this a highly pertinent dilemma. Demands for new interpretation offers and experiences raise questions of the extent to which such demands can or should be met. New technologies have already made their way into the heritage industry as a means of innovation for interpretation offers, among these is augmented reality. New technologies have made a limited break-through arguably rooted in conservatism among heritage managers. This raises a question of managers' understandings and perceptions of authenticity and effects on heritage and new technologies. Based on an exploratory case, Lindholm Hoje Viking burial and museum in Denmark, this paper proposes that different conceptions of authenticity can co-exist within the tourist setting, whereby new technologies can be implemented to strengthen heritage sites as tourism attractions while still paying attention to authenticity and ongoing authentication...
15 Feb 2014
TL;DR: A mobile application called Lost State College is developed and a user study is conducted with 34 local residents to investigate how people perceive, experience, and interact with community content that is socially generated and tied to locations, particularly with respect to building community heritage.
Abstract: One goal of local communities is to create and reinforce community identity by connecting residents to their local heritage. Technologies have enabled and facilitated the creation and consumption of digitized history content provided by official history institutions as well as individuals. Although much research has been conducted to understand technical and social aspects of digital cultural heritage, little empirical research has investigated how people perceive, experience, and interact with community content that is socially generated and tied to locations, particularly with respect to building community heritage. To address this, we developed a mobile application called Lost State College (LSC) and conducted a user study with 34 local residents. The study results indicate that meaningful historic places evoked special attention from the participants, and that those who have lived in the community longer tended to contribute more to the community heritage effort. Participants utilized social features as a way of learning local history, reflecting personal experiences and stories, and co-creating rich layers of local history information from their perspectives.