Showing papers on "Cultural heritage published in 2016"
TL;DR: In this article, the authors explore the relationship between place attachment and perceived authenticity of major visitor attractions and highlight the importance of the heritage value of tourism destinations for strategic planning and marketing purposes.
292 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, a critical discussion of value typologies for heritage conservation and management is offered, from the perspective of objects and urban conservation, in light of a review of published literature on heritage values.
Abstract: A critical discussion of value typologies for heritage conservation and management is offered, from the perspective of objects and urban conservation, in light of a review of published literature on heritage values. It is suggested that value typologies are often designed and implemented without understanding the implicit consequences of the inclusion and omission of ‘values’. It is also suggested that typologies often fail to prompt the necessary questions to develop satisfactorily detailed understandings of heritage significance, resulting in decisions being based on implicit, rather than explicit, value assessments in practice. Mindful of the problems associated with ‘universalising’ context specific typologies, a broad framework for assessing and communicating significance is proposed. In order to encourage holistic approaches, the framework is designed to combat the false dichotomies of cultural/natural and tangible/intangible heritage; it is hoped this will make the framework widely applicab...
163 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, a photo-based questionnaire survey is combined with cartographical representations of landscape types to elicit hot and cold-spot areas of cultural ecosystem service provision, and statistically test for influences of the land use type and the respondents' socio-demographic background on tourists' perception of these services.
119 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors explored the effects of cultural heritage in fostering tourism demand and the role of UNESCO World Heritage List (WHL) in the enhancement of tourism destinations competitiveness.
117 citations
01 Jan 2016
TL;DR: This study investigates how value is created by this new and cutting-edge technology and provides a practical guide for enhancing customer value in the whole value creation process.
Abstract: The heritage industry often seeks new ways to attract and engage new visitors. However, managers of Cultural Heritage sites face a lack in marketing and competiveness. One of the ways to obtain competitive advantage is the investment and implementation of Augmented Reality on-site. This study investigates how value is created by this new and cutting-edge technology and provides a practical guide for enhancing customer value. An increased understanding of the topic should result in a growing adaption. Although there is research in the field of Augmented Reality and Cultural Heritage, the papers focus only on certain factors of value creation. The purpose of this study was however to provide a holistic overview of the whole value creation process. This represents a completely new area of research and opens a wide range of further research opportunities.
106 citations
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13 May 2016
TL;DR: The London Charter aims to define the fundamental objectives and principles of the use of 3D visualisation methods in relation to intellectual integrity, reliability, transparency, documentation, standards, sustainability and access, and it is hoped that it may be adopted as an EU and international benchmark.
Abstract: While 3-dimensional visualisation methods are now employed in a wide range of humanities contexts to assist in the research, communication and preservation of cultural heritage, it is increasingly recognized that, to ensure that such work is intellectually and technically rigorous, and for its potential to be realised, there is a need both to establish standards responsive to the particular properties of 3D visualisation, and to identify those that it should share with other methods. Numerous articles, documents, including the AHDS Guides to Good Practice for CAD (2002) and for Virtual Reality (2002) and initiatives, including the Virtual Archaeology Special Interest Group (VASIG) and the Cultural Virtual Reality Organisation (CVRO) have underlined the importance of ensuring that 3D visualisation methods are applied with scholarly rigour, and that the outcomes of visualisation-inclusive research should accurately convey to users the status of the knowledge that they represent. There remains, however, a significant gap between theory and practice. Last February, therefore, as part of an AHRC-funded project, King’s Visualisation Lab, King’s College London, convened a Symposium, jointly sponsored by the AHRC ICT Methods Network and the EU Framework 6 Network of Excellence, EPOCH (Excellence in Processing Open Cultural Heritage), during which over 50 international delegates debated approaches to the issue of “transparency”. A smaller expert group then debated a discussion document on which the first draft of The London Charter for the use of 3dimensional visualisation in the research and communication of cultural heritage was subsequently based. “Cultural heritage” domains here encompass museums, art galleries, heritage sites, interpretative centres, cultural heritage research institutes, arts and humanities subjects within higher education institutions, the broader educational sector, and tourism. It is hoped that the Charter, currently in its first draft and being discussed by an international panel of experts, may be adopted as an EU and international benchmark. The Charter aims to define the fundamental objectives and principles of the use of 3D visualisation methods in relation to intellectual integrity, reliability, transparency, documentation, standards, sustainability and access. It does not aim to prescribe specific aims or methods, but rather to establish those broad principles for the use, in research and communication of cultural heritage, of 3D visualisation upon which the intellectual integrity of such methods and outcomes depend. The Charter attempts to establish principles that are sufficiently focussed to have an impact, but sufficiently abstract to remain current as methods and technologies evolve. Therefore, up-to-date guideline documents with specific recommendations about, e.g. technologies, standards, and methodologies, will be needed at subject community level. Categories and Subject Description: H.3.7: Standards
94 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors examined object-based and existential authenticity using a multidimensional approach to perceived value and examined the effects of value perceptions on satisfaction in heritage tourism in Singapore.
Abstract: This study examines object-based and existential authenticity using a multidimensional approach to perceived value. The effects of value perceptions on satisfaction are also examined. Data was collected from tourists at the Singapore Chinatown heritage precinct. The findings revealed that object-based authenticity, existential authenticity, and perceived monetary value positively influenced overall perceived value and subsequently, satisfaction. This paper provides researchers with a theoretical framework of authenticity and perceived value for future empirical studies in the heritage tourism context. It also provides insight into how destination marketers and policy makers can develop effective and sustainable strategies for heritage destinations.
90 citations
TL;DR: This work provides a personal perspective on recent applications and new frontiers in sampling modalities, data processing, and instrumentation in Raman spectroscopy of cultural heritage materials.
Abstract: Rooted in the long tradition of Raman spectroscopy of cultural heritage materials, in this work we provide a personal perspective on recent applications and new frontiers in sampling modalities, data processing, and instrumentation.
88 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the authors discuss on the seismic assessment of historic masonry towers according to the Italian "Guidelines for the assessment and mitigation of the seismic risk of the cultural heritage" that identifies an analysis methodology based on three different levels of evaluation, according to an increased knowledge of the structure.
Abstract: After a brief introduction on the research project RiSEM (Seismic Risk of Monumental Buildings), the paper discusses on the seismic assessment of historic masonry towers according to the Italian “Guidelines for the assessment and mitigation of the seismic risk of the cultural heritage” that identifies an analysis methodology based on three different levels of evaluation, according to an increased knowledge of the structure. The RiSEM project aimed at developing and testing innovative and expeditious methodologies (i.e. either without or with a minimal direct contact with the masonry building) to evaluate all the main structural features of the monumental buildings required for the assessment of their seismic safety. As a relevant case study the “Town of Fine Towers”, San Gimignano (Italy), listed under the UNESCO World Cultural Heritage Sites, was selected. The paper summarizes the analyses performed on one of the San Gimignano towers: the Coppi-Campatelli one. The seismic vulnerability of the tower was evaluated with reference to the above guidelines, and the paper reports and critically compares the results obtained for the three levels of evaluation there defined: LV1 (analysis at territorial level), LV2 (local analysis) and LV3 (global analysis).
84 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors present the results of a research developed as part of the Swedish Pompeii Project, a fieldwork initiated from the Swedish Institute in Rome in 2000, with the main objectives of this research were to develop a set of integrated digital methods to be extensively adopted by conservation specialists in the practice of preservation management; to deal with several aspects connected to the preservation of an ancient structure in a 'fully-3D' environment; and to take advantage of GIS analytic tools for investigating architectural structures in three-dimensions.
81 citations
TL;DR: The potential of the digital world for generating new ways of engaging with heritage, broadly defined, has been a key focus of academic work and cultural practice as discussed by the authors. At times, th...
Abstract: Since the late 1990s the potential of the digital world for generating new ways of engaging with heritage, broadly defined, has been a key focus of academic work and cultural practice. At times, th...
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors explore alternative ways of seeing cities particularly through the Histor..., which is timely because pressure for economic development and for the prioritising of engagement with the global economy has accompanied rapid urbanisation.
Abstract: Today, for the first time in human history, more than half of the world’s population lives in cities. According to UN-Habitat, within two decades, five billion people will live in cities. Coincidentally, within the field of cultural heritage conservation, increasing international interest and attention over the past two decades has been focused on urban areas. This is timely because pressure for economic development and for the prioritising of engagement with the global economy has accompanied rapid urbanisation. In many societies, pressures for economic development have privileged modernisation efforts leading to the loss of traditional communities. Accompanying this has been a concentration in the field of urban conservation on famous buildings and monuments rather than seeing cities as communities of people with values and belief systems that are reflected in the city’s overall setting: its cultural landscape. This paper explores alternative ways of seeing cities particularly through the Histor...
TL;DR: In this article, the authors identify common drivers of the economic value of cultural and historical heritage by conducting a meta-analysis of heritage valuation studies and find that heritage sites in areas with higher population density hold higher value, and conservation that supports adaptive reuse of sites generates higher values then passive protection.
TL;DR: In this paper, a discussion about the methodological multidisciplinary approach to modal testing when applied to architectural heritage buildings and structures, along with the description of selected case studies, are presented.
Abstract: Modern monitoring techniques contribute to accurately describing the structural health conditions of historical buildings and to optimizing the plan of maintenance as well as the restoring intervention. Particularly, dynamic testing gives knowledge about global structural behavior and can be used to calibrate numerical models and to predict the response to dynamic and earthquake loading. In some circumstances, vibration-based monitoring can also help in evaluating safety conditions. The present article proposes a discussion about the methodological multidisciplinary approach to modal testing when applied to architectural heritage buildings and structures, along with the description of selected case studies. These examples were chosen to cover the various issues connected to test design and interpretation.
DOI•
30 Jun 2016TL;DR: In this article, the authors argue for the positive integration of culture and cultural heritage into urban development plans and policies as a way to enhance the sustainability of urban areas through heritage, in the context of the newly adopted Agenda 2030 as the sustainable development goals, the “SDGs” for the world.
Abstract: This paper argues for the positive integration of culture and cultural heritage into urban development plans and policies as a way to enhance the sustainability of urban areas through heritage, in the context of the newly adopted Agenda 2030 as the sustainable development goals, the “SDGs” for the world. The emerging need for a paradigm shift in the concept of development in more humanistic and ecological terms has meant that culture and cultural heritage play a critical role in the achievement of this new paradigm of a sustainable city. The framework of this paper is oriented to specific tools that go from principles to concrete urban policies outlined here for achieving a sustainable, inclusive city development, using cultural heritage as an asset characterized by specific multidimensional values. Keywords: cultural heritage, SDGs, sustainable development
01 Jan 2016
TL;DR: This paper presents an automatic methodology capable of registering non-overlapping laser scans based on a bundle block adjustment for the orientation estimation of synthetic images generated from the 3D data and camera images using a Structure-from-Motion (SfM) method.
Abstract: This paper presents an automatic methodology capable of registering non-overlapping laser scans based on a bundle block adjustment for the orientation estimation of synthetic images generated from the 3D data and camera images using a Structure-from-Motion (SfM) method. Adding camera images to the registration of the generated images can improve the block geometry. The SfM process provides accurate image orientations and sparse point clouds, initially in an arbitrary model space. This enables an implicit determination of the 3D-to-3D correspondences between the sparse points and the laser data then, the Helmert transformation is introduced and its parameters are computed. This results in registering the non-overlapping scans, since the relative orientations between the generated images are determined at the SfM step and transformed to the absolute coordinate system directly. The proposed approach was tested on real case studies and experimental results are shown to demonstrate the effectiveness of the presented method.
15 Jun 2016-ISPRS - International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences
TL;DR: The aim of the research is to insert an historical building inside a BIM process, proposing in this way a working method that can build a reality based model and preserve the unicity of the elements.
Abstract: . Speaking about modelling the Cultural Heritage, nowadays it is no longer enough to build the mute model of a monument, but it has to contain plenty of information inside it, especially when we refer to existing construction. For this reason, the aim of the research is to insert an historical building inside a BIM process, proposing in this way a working method that can build a reality based model and preserve the unicity of the elements. The question is: “What is the more useful mean in term of survey data management, level of detail, information and time savings?” To test the potentialities and the limits of this process we employed the most used software in the international market, taking as example some composed elements, made by regular and complex, but also modular parts. Once a final model is obtained, it is necessary to provide a test phase on the interoperability between the used software modules, in order to give a general picture of the state of art and to contribute to further studies on this subject.
TL;DR: In this survey, the different problem forms are discussed and the main solution methods are reviewed, aided by classification criteria based on the geometric scale at which the analysis is performed and the cardinality of the relationships among object parts exploited during the analysis.
Abstract: We present a review of recent techniques for performing geometric analysis in cultural heritage CH applications. The survey is aimed at researchers in the areas of computer graphics, computer vision and CH computing, as well as to scholars and practitioners in the CH field. The problems considered include shape perception enhancement, restoration and preservation support, monitoring over time, object interpretation and collection analysis. All of these problems typically rely on an understanding of the structure of the shapes in question at both a local and global level. In this survey, we discuss the different problem forms and review the main solution methods, aided by classification criteria based on the geometric scale at which the analysis is performed and the cardinality of the relationships among object parts exploited during the analysis. We finalize the report by discussing open problems and future perspectives.
15 May 2016
TL;DR: This book presents methods for capturing data, modeling and engaging with heritage through digital interfaces, plus case studies of sites in Europe, North and Central America and collections relating to ancient Middle Eastern and North African civilizations.
Abstract: This book presents methods for capturing data, modeling and engaging with heritage through digital interfaces, plus case studies of sites in Europe, North and Central America and collections relating to ancient Middle Eastern and North African civilizations.
18 Feb 2016
TL;DR: A review of the most successful and promising applications of terahertz (THz) technology in Cultural Heritage Science is presented in this paper, with a focus on the investigation of multilayered art.
Abstract: Cultural Heritage scientists need methodologies to examine Art and Archaeology in order to understand artistic materials and techniques and devise better conservation procedures. This review discusses the most successful and promising applications of Terahertz (THz) technology in Cultural Heritage Science. THz is used in homeland security and for plenty of other industrial sectors and it presents a number of valuable features specifically for the investigation of Art and Archaeology: No radiation risk, low power, non-contact and reflection mode. Recent technical advancements are also making its application fast, mobile and relatively affordable creating a potential for its diffused implementation in museums. While THz is most promising for the investigation of multilayered art, such as paintings, it has been tested on a very large range of artifacts, from manuscripts to mummies and lacquered historical furniture.
01 Jan 2016
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors highlight the importance of nature-based outdoor recreation in American lives, and highlight the role of federal lands in providing nature-oriented outdoor recreational opportunities to the American public.
Abstract: Outdoor recreation plays a significant role in American lives. It provides physical challenges and wellbeing, helps develop lifelong skills, provokes interest and inquiry, inspires wonder and awe of the natural world, and often provides an alternative to daily routines. Recreation contributes greatly to the physical, mental, and spiritual health of individuals, bonds family and friends, and instills pride in natural and cultural heritage. Federal lands contribute significantly, and in many cases uniquely, to the provision of nature-based outdoor recreation opportunities.
TL;DR: The notion of a European cultural heritage in EU policy discourse is extremely abstract, referring to various ideas and values detached from physical locations or places as discussed by the authors. Nevertheless, the EU initiatives put the abstract policy discourse into practice and concretize its notions about a European heritage.
Abstract: The EU has recently launched several initiatives that aim to foster the idea of a common European cultural heritage. The notion of a European cultural heritage in EU policy discourse is extremely abstract, referring to various ideas and values detached from physical locations or places. Nevertheless the EU initiatives put the abstract policy discourse into practice and concretize its notions about a European cultural heritage. A common strategy in this practice is ‘placing heritage’ – affixing the idea of a European cultural heritage to certain places in order to turn them into specific European heritage sites. The materialisation of a European cultural heritage and the production of physical European heritage sites are crucial elements in the policy through which the EU seeks to govern both the actors and the meanings of heritage. On the basis of a qualitative content analysis of diverse policy documents and informational and promotional material, this article presents five strategies of ‘placing...
TL;DR: A general recommendation framework able to uniformly manage heterogeneous multimedia data coming from several web repositories and to provide context-aware recommendation techniques supporting intelligent multimedia services for the users—i.e. dynamic visiting paths for a given environment is presented.
Abstract: The valorization and promotion of worldwide Cultural Heritage by the adoption of Information and Communication Technologies represent nowadays some of the most important research issues with a large variety of potential applications. This challenge is particularly perceived in the Italian scenario, where the artistic patrimony is one of the most diverse and rich of the world, able to attract millions of visitors every year to monuments, archaeological sites and museums. In this paper, we present a general recommendation framework able to uniformly manage heterogeneous multimedia data coming from several web repositories and to provide context-aware recommendation techniques supporting intelligent multimedia services for the users--i.e. dynamic visiting paths for a given environment. Specific applications of our system within the cultural heritage domain are proposed by means of real case studies in the mobile environment related both to an outdoor and indoor scenario, together with some results on user's satisfaction and system accuracy.
TL;DR: In this article, the authors investigated the extent and the ways in which local food and identity of a region can be used as tools for tourism development, and concluded that both tangible and intangible elements of udon noodle heritage contribute to the cultural values, identity construction, characteristics of the place and authentic tourist experiences.
Abstract: Local food heritage plays a crucial role in developing the image and identity of a region. This study investigates the extent and the ways in which local food and identity of a region can be used as tools for tourism development. By using a qualitative research approach of personal interviews with 12 Japanese tourists, the study argues that an authentic locality which has provided traditional handmade udon noodles for the last 400 years for the local people can be developed as a food tourism destination. Since the main attraction of regional tourism in the Mizusawa region in Gunma prefecture of Japan is udon noodles, the study concluded that both tangible and intangible elements of udon noodle heritage contribute to the cultural values, identity construction, characteristics of the place and authentic tourist experiences. The study recommends examining cross-cultural differences in the interrelationships between food heritage, regional tourism and identity in a similar but broader Asian context fo...
TL;DR: Evaluation on a dataset of about 31,000 cultural heritage images being retrieved from internet collections with many outliers indicate the robustness and cost effectiveness of the proposed method towards a reliable and just-in-time 3D reconstruction than existing state-of-the-art techniques.
Abstract: One of the main characteristics of Internet era is the free and online availability of extremely large collections of images located on distributed and heterogeneous platforms over the web. The proliferation of millions of shared photographs spurred the emergence of new image retrieval techniques based not only on images' visual information, but on geo-location tags and camera exif data. These huge visual collections provide a unique opportunity for cultural heritage documentation and 3D reconstruction. The main difficulty, however, is that the internet image datasets are unstructured containing many outliers. For this reason, in this paper a new content-based image filtering is proposed to discard image outliers that either confuse or significantly delay the followed e-documentation tools, such as 3D reconstruction of a cultural heritage object. The presented approach exploits and fuses two unsupervised clustering techniques: DBSCAN and spectral clustering. DBSCAN algorithm is used to remove outliers from the initially retrieved dataset and spectral clustering discriminate the noise free image dataset into different categories each representing characteristic geometric views of cultural heritage objects. To discard the image outliers, we consider images as points onto a multi-dimensional manifold and the multi-dimensional scaling algorithm is adopted to relate the space of the image distances with the space of Gram matrices through which we are able to compute the image coordinates. Finally, structure from motion is utilized for 3D reconstruction of cultural heritage landmarks. Evaluation on a dataset of about 31,000 cultural heritage images being retrieved from internet collections with many outliers indicate the robustness and cost effectiveness of the proposed method towards a reliable and just-in-time 3D reconstruction than existing state-of-the-art techniques.
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors identify the genesis of a new form of terrorism arising from the convergence of networked social media and changes in the forms of conflict and identify three strategies involving cultural heritage.
Abstract: Using the Islamic State/Da'esh as a case study, we identify the genesis of a new form of terrorism arising from the convergence of networked social media and changes in the forms of conflict. Socially mediated terrorism is defined as ‘the use of social and networked media to increase the impact of violent acts undertaken to further a social, political and/or religious cause with the aim of creating physical, emotional or psychological suffering that extends beyond the immediate audience'. Our analysis distinguishes three strategies involving cultural heritage. The first is smoke, mirrors and mock destruction, which exaggerates perceptions of power and tests the impact of potential destruction. The second is shock, awe and censure, which uses international outrage to cloak the Islamic State with an aura of invincibility and highlight the impotence of its opponents. The third is financing the Kaliphate, which has transformed the ad hoc looting of archaeological sites into a business model. Iconoclasm has a ...
TL;DR: This works aims to estimate the impacts of air pollution and meteorological conditions on limestone, copper and bronze and represents the European risk assessment for corrosion of Cultural Heritage materials and shows the importance in the air quality modelling as a powerful tool for UNESCO sites conservation.
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors examined the challenges and barriers to successful adaptive reuse projects in Australia using a qualitative approach that involves multiple case studies and in-depth interviews with industry experts coupled with field observation and building plan appraisals.
Abstract: The resilience and capacity of historic buildings to adapt plays a vital role in mitigating climate change through adaptive reuse. The adaptive reuse of buildings is a practical substitute to demolition and has substantial economic, environmental and social benefits. However, tensions exist between the retention of heritage buildings and conformance with regulatory requirements (e.g. energy efficiency to reduce greenhouse gas emissions, disability access, etc.). This raises questions about whether regulatory systems can embrace both green building technologies and heritage conservation principles. This paper examines the challenges/barriers to successful adaptive reuse projects in Australia using a qualitative approach that involves multiple case studies and in-depth interviews with industry experts coupled with field observation and building plan appraisals. The findings show that compliance to codes/regulations and current design requirements are the major challenges encountered in undertaking adaptive ...
TL;DR: In this article, a set of PISA-like mathematics tasks with Indonesia natural and cultural heritage as context which are valid, practical, to assess students' mathematics literacy is presented. But, the authors did not evaluate the feasibility of prototyping in terms of content, context, and language.
Abstract: The aim of this research is produce a set of PISA-like mathematics task with Indonesia natural and cultural heritage as context which are valid, practical, to assess students’ mathematics literacy. This is design research using type of development research with formative evaluation. A total of 20 students of SMP Negeri 1 Palembang. Beside, 10 experts were involved in this research to assess the feasibility of prototyping in terms of content, context and language. Walk through, documentation, questionnaire, test result, and interviews are way to collect the data. This research produced a PISA-like math task is as many 12 category of content, context, and process valid, practical and has potential effect. The validity came empirical evaluation of validation and reliability testing during small group. From the field test, we conclude that the tasks also potentially effect to the students’ mathematical literacy in activating the indicators of each Fundamental Mathematical Capabilities.