Culture change

About: Culture change is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 1531 publications have been published within this topic receiving 41922 citations. The topic is also known as: cultural change & culture changes.

Organisational culture and quality of health care

Abstract: “ A student of management and organisation theory could only be stunned by how little the efforts to improve quality [in health care] have learnt from current thinking in management and from the experience of other industries .” Christian Koeck BMJ 1998; 317: 1267–8. Health policy in much of the developed world is concerned with assessing and improving the quality of health care. The USA, in particular, has identified specific concerns over quality issues12 and a recent report from the Institute of Medicine pointed to the considerable toll of medical errors.3 In the UK a series of scandals has propelled quality issues to centre stage45 and made quality improvement a key policy area.6 But how are quality improvements to be wrought in such a complex system as health care? A recent issue of Quality in Health Care was devoted to considerations of organisational change in health care, calling it “the key to quality improvement”.7 In discussing how such change can be managed, the authors of one of the articles asserted that cultural change needs to be wrought alongside structural reorganisation and systems reform to bring about “a culture in which excellence can flourish”.8 A review of policy changes in the UK over the past two decades shows that these appeals for cultural change are not new but have appeared in various guises (box 1). However, talk of “culture” and “culture change” beg some difficult questions about the nature of the underlying substrate to which change programmes are applied. What is “organisational culture” anyway? It is to this issue that this paper is addressed.Many previous policy reforms in the National Health Service (NHS) have invoked the notion of cultural change. In the early 1980s the reforms inspired by Sir Roy Griffiths led …

Person-Centered Care For Nursing Home Residents: The Culture-Change Movement

Abstract: The “culture change” movement represents a fundamental shift in thinking about nursing homes. Facilities are viewed not as health care institutions, but as person-centered homes offering long-term care services. Culture-change principles and practices have been shaped by shared concerns among consumers, policy makers, and providers regarding the value and quality of care offered in traditional nursing homes. They have shown promise in improving quality of life as well as quality of care, while alleviating such problems as high staff turnover. Policy makers can encourage culture change and capitalize on its transformational power through regulation, reimbursement, public reporting, and other mechanisms.

Demography and Cultural Innovation: a Model and its Implications for the Emergence of Modern Human Culture

Abstract: In recent years there has been a major growth of interest in exploring the analogies between the genetic transmission of information from one generation to the next and the processes of cultural transmission, in an attempt to obtain a greater understanding of how culture change occurs. This article uses computer simulation to explore the implications of a specific model of the relationship between demography and innovation within an evolutionary framework. The consequences of innovation appear far more successful in larger populations than in smaller ones. In conclusion, it is suggested that the model has major implications for the origins of modern human culture in the last 50,000 years, which may be seen not as the result of genetic mutations leading to improved cognitive capacities of individuals, but as a population consequence of the demographic growth and increased contact range which are evident at this time. It is also proposed that the model may be of general relevance for understanding the process of cultural evolution in modern and pre-modern humans.

In Search of Management: Culture, Chaos and Control in Managerial Work

Abstract: This book aims to cover the sorts of issues that managers constantly face: competencies; empowerment; chaos; culture change; survival; and competition. How do they understand these terms and apply them in their everyday lives? Tony Watson looks at the nature of managerial skill and organizational effectiveness, asking managers what it is they think they do, what power do they really have, how they manage under increasing pressure and whether they feel in control. By searching for a definition of management from managers themselves, Tony Watson draws a picture of the way managers shape their own lives and identities at the same time as shaping the organization's work activities. This book should be of interest to all those studying management, particularly MBA and other post-experience qualifications, as well as the general manager. The author has also published "Sociology, Work and Industry" (Routledge 1987), "Management, Organization and Employment Strategy" (Routledge, 1986), "Sociology, Work and Industry" (Routledge, 1980), and "The Personnel Managers" (Routledge, 1977).

Human Behavior in Global Perspective: An Introduction to Cross Cultural Psychology

Abstract: Preface 1The Socio-Cultural Nature of Human Beings How to Comprehend Behavior and Culture The Centrality of Learning The Essence of Being Human Anthropological Perspectives on Culture Culture and Biology Race: Can This Tenacious Concept Be Supplanted? The Point of View of This Book The Scope of This Book 2Cross-Cultural Research: Scope and Methods A Conceptual Framework for Cross-Cultural Psychology The Social and Cultural Context: Basic Concepts Cross-Cultural Psychology's Paradigm: A Balanced Approach An Antecedent of the Eco-Cultural Framework: The Culture and Personality School Methodology in Cross-Cultural Research: Some Problems and Some Solutions Conclusion 3Human Development and Informal Education Why Study Developmental Psychology Cross-Culturally? The Developmental Niche Informal Education Adolescence, Life Span, and Old Age Conclusion 4Perceptual and Cognitive Processes Perception and Visual Illusions Categorization Memory Problem Solving The Cognitive Consequences of Literacy and Schooling Experimental Anthropology Conclusion 5Alternative Views on Human Competence: General Intelligence and Genetic Epistemology The Historical Legacy General Intelligence Deficiency versus Difference Interpretations of Cognitive achievement Genetic Epistemology Conclusion 6Everyday Cognition and Cognitive Anthropology The Sociohistorical Approach: Piaget versus Vygotsky Ethnography of Daily Life Cognitive Anthropology or Ethnoscience Everyday Knowledge of Arithmetic Everyday Space and Geometry Transfer and Generalization Learning and Teaching Processes The Sociocultural Paradigm Conclusion 7Motives, Beliefs, and Values Why Study Values Cross-Culturally? Culturally-Influenced Beliefs about Illness Measurement of Values Problems Involved in Assessing Cultural Values Other Value Domains Some Concluding Observations 8Males and Females and the Relations between Them Why Study Sex and Gender Cross-Culturally? Psychological Differences between the Sexes Differing Socialization for Boys and Girls: Why and with What Consequences Gender Identity: Self-Perceptions of Men and Women across Cultures Sex Role Ideology: Culture and Male-Female Relationships A Sociocultural Theory of Human Sexuality Conclusion 9Culture and Aggression How Is Aggression Related to Crime? A Conceptual Framework for Aggression Research Cross-Cultural Studies of Gender Differences in Aggression Conclusion 10Intercultural Relations in a Shrinking World From Parochialism toward Global Consciousness? Implications of Various Kinds of Ethnocentrism Ethnic Conflict Some Conclusions and Tentative Prescriptions 11Acculturation Culture Change Acculturation Psychological Acculturation An Acculturation Framework Some Possible Applications 12Conclusions On the Importance of the Sociocultural Context Cross-Cultural Psychology vis-a-vis General Psychology Practical Implications of Cross-Cultural Research Summary and Future Directions Bibliography Name Index Subject Index