Topic
Cuneate nucleus
About: Cuneate nucleus is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 614 publications have been published within this topic receiving 24859 citations. The topic is also known as: cuneate nucleus of spinal cord.
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TL;DR: Evidence is provided of pathways linking upper cervical sensory afferents with CNS areas involved in autonomic and oromotor control, via the InM, which could explain the dysphagic and cardiorespiratory abnormalities which may accompany cervical dystonia and WAD.
Abstract: Sensory information arising from the upper neck is important in the reflex control of posture and eye position. It has also been linked to the autonomic control of the cardiovascular and respiratory systems. Whiplash associated disorders (WAD) and cervical dystonia, which involve disturbance to the neck region, can often present with abnormalities to the oromotor, respiratory and cardiovascular systems. We investigated the potential neural pathways underlying such symptoms. Simulating neck afferent activity by electrical stimulation of the second cervical nerve in a working heart brainstem preparation (WHBP) altered the pattern of central respiratory drive and increased perfusion pressure. Tracing central targets of these sensory afferents revealed projections to the intermedius nucleus of the medulla (InM). These anterogradely labelled afferents co-localised with parvalbumin and vesicular glutamate transporter 1 indicating that they are proprioceptive. Anterograde tracing from the InM identified projections to brain regions involved in respiratory, cardiovascular, postural and oro-facial behaviours--the neighbouring hypoglossal nucleus, facial and motor trigeminal nuclei, parabrachial nuclei, rostral and caudal ventrolateral medulla and nucleus ambiguus. In brain slices, electrical stimulation of afferent fibre tracts lateral to the cuneate nucleus monosynaptically excited InM neurones. Direct stimulation of the InM in the WHBP mimicked the response of second cervical nerve stimulation. These results provide evidence of pathways linking upper cervical sensory afferents with CNS areas involved in autonomic and oromotor control, via the InM. Disruption of these neuronal pathways could, therefore, explain the dysphagic and cardiorespiratory abnormalities which may accompany cervical dystonia and WAD.
20 citations
TL;DR: Evidence for a tripartite division in the GN is presented, based on the distributions of cells with PV-, CB- and CR-IR, and in adult rats subjected to perinatal forepaw removal, in contrast to traditional cytoarchitectonic analyses.
20 citations
TL;DR: The localization of the cell bodies and of the central terminations of afferent fibres from the extraocular muscles of the pigeon was examined using transport of horseradish peroxidase and showed that primary afferent cell somata subserving extraocular muscle proprioception are located within the ipsilateral trigeminal ganglion.
20 citations
TL;DR: The pattern and extent of labeling in the perihypoglossal nuclei and adjacent structures seen after cerebellar injections into lobules V and VI were comparable to those previously reported and permitted evaluation of the relay from dorsal root ganglia through the intercalatus to the vermis.
Abstract: First- and second-order spinal afferents to the perihypoglossal complex were sought by using axonal transport of WGA-HRP. Injections in C1, 2, and 3 dorsal root ganglia resulted in axonal labeling in the nucleus intercalatus and the external cuneate nucleus, with a number of retrogradely labeled cells seen as well in the latter. A similar pattern of axonal labeling in the nucleus intercalatus as well as several retrogradely labeled cells were found after spinal cord injections at levels C1, 2, and 3. A prominent field of labeled axons was also present in the rostral main cuneate nucleus. No labeling was seen in the perihypoglossal nuclei after injections in the spinal cord or dorsal root ganglia at levels caudal to C3. After injections of HRP into the perihypoglossal nucleus we were able to identify labeled neurons within Rexed, s laminae V-VIII and the central cervical nucleus. Anterograde labeling in the main cuneate nucleus was observed after C1 to C5 ganglion and C1 to C6 cord injections. The pattern and extent of labeling in the perihypoglossal nuclei and adjacent structures seen after cerebellar injections into lobules V and VI were comparable to those previously reported and permitted evaluation of the relay from dorsal root ganglia through the intercalatus to the vermis.
Topography of the cervical projections to the nucleus intercalatus is considered with respect to that of the perihypoglossal-collicular projection. A discussion is offered of the apparent importance of nucleus intercalatus as a relay of cervical and vestibular afferent information to premotor structures involved in neck motor control. The perihypoglossal complex is viewed as being organized in such a fashion as to allow the nuclei intercalatus and prepositus hypoglossi to function as key structures in the integration of inputs related to neck and ocular motor control, respectively.
20 citations
TL;DR: The result supported the previous opinion that the principal part of N18, the broad negativity lasting around 20 ms, originates from the cuneate nucleus at the medullary level and suggested that the major part of P13/14 is generated within caudalmost medial lemniscus, as well as the occurrence of retrograde degeneration of lemniscal fibers.
20 citations