Topic
Cyclase
About: Cyclase is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 10162 publications have been published within this topic receiving 388566 citations.
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01 Jan 1977
TL;DR: The aim of this work is to establish a baseline level of understanding of the enzymatic Formation, Degradation, and Action of Cyclic Nucleotides and the effects of drug and Other Treatments of Animals on the Cyclic AMP-Generating Systems in Brain.
Abstract: 1 Introduction- 2 Enzymatic Formation, Degradation, and Action of Cyclic Nucleotides- 21 Adenylate Cyclases- 211 Regional Distribution of Adenylate Cyclase in Brain- 212 Regional Distribution of Cyclic AMP in Brain- 213 Postdecapitation Changes in Brain Cyclic AMP- 214 Morphological Localization of Cyclic AMP in Brain- 215 Subcellular Distribution of Adenylate Cyclases and Cyclic AMP- 216 Activation and Inhibition of Adenylate Cyclases- 217 Activation by Putative Neurotransmitters- 218 Developmental Changes in Adenylate Cyclases and Cyclic AMP in Brain- 219 Ganglia and Peripheral Neurons- 2110 Cultured Cells- 22 Guanylate Cyclases- 221 Regional Distribution of Guanylate Cyclase and Cyclic GMP in Brain- 222 Subcellular and Morphological Distribution of Guanylate Cyclase in Brain- 223 Activation and Inhibition- 224 Developmental Changes in Guanylate Cyclase and Cyclic GMP in Brain- 225 Ganglia- 23 Phosphodiesterases- 231 Regional Distribution in Brain- 232 Morphological Localization in Brain- 233 Subcellular Distribution in Brain- 234 Multiplicity of Brain Phosphodiesterases- 235 Activation- 236 Inhibitors- 237 Analogs of Cyclic AMP and Cyclic GMP- 238 Developmental Changes in Brain Phosphodiesterases- 239 Strain Differences in Brain Phosphodiesterases- 2310 Ganglia and Peripheral Neurons- 2311 Cultured Cells- 24 Protein Kinases- 241 Cyclic AMP-Dependent Kinases- 242 Cyclic GMP-Dependent Kinases- 25 Phosphoprotein Phosphatases- 251 Regional and Subcellular Distribution in Brain- 252 Activation, Inhibition, and Substrates- 253 Dephosphorylation of Membranal Phosphoproteins- 3 Accumulation of Cyclic Nucleotides- 31 Cyclic AMP in Brain Slices- 311 Rabbit- 312 Guinea Pig- 313 Rat- 314 Mouse- 315 Primates- 316 Pig- 317 Cat- 318 Chicken- 319 Amphibians- 3110 Conversion of Adenine and Adenosine-Labeled Nucleotides to Cyclic AMP- 3111 Release and Uptake of Cyclic AMP- 3112 Effects of Drug and Other Treatments of Animals on the Cyclic AMP-Generating Systems in Brain- 32 Cyclic GMP in Brain Slices- 321 Rabbit- 322 Guinea Pig- 323 Rat- 324 Mouse- 325 Cat- 33 Cyclic AMP in Ganglia and Peripheral Neurons- 331 Vertebrates- 332 Invertebrates- 34 Cyclic GMP in Ganglia and Peripheral Neurons- 341 Vertebrates- 342 Invertebrates- 35 Cyclic Nucleotides in Cells of Neuronal or Glial Origin- 351 Fetal Brain Cells- 352 Neuroma Cells- 4 Functional Role of Cyclic Nucleotides- 41 Enzymatic Processes- 411 Intermediary Metabolism- 412 Membrane Metabolism- 413 Neurotransmitter Metabolism- 414 Cyclases, Phosphodiesterases, and Kinases- 415 Protein Phosphorylation- 416 DNA, RNA, and Protein Synthesis- 42 Cell Morphology, Differentiation, and Growth- 421 Neuroblastoma Cells- 422 Glioma Cells- 423 Hybrid Cells- 424 Fetal Cells- 425 Ganglia and Peripheral Neurons- 426 Role of Microtubules- 427 Trophic Factors- 43 Membrane Phenomena- 431 Central Neurons- 432 Ganglionic Neurons- 433 Peripheral Neurons- 434 Cultured Cells- 44 Levels of Cyclic Nucleotides in Brain- 441 Postdecapitation Changes in Cyclic AMP in Brain- 442 Effects of Drugs and Other Treatments on Levels of Cyclic AMP in Brain- 443 Effects of Drugs and Other Treatments on Levels of Cyclic GMP in Brain- 444 Behavioral Correlations- 445 Clinical Correlations- 45 Central Behavioral and Vegetative Functions- 451 Behavioral Effects- 452 Vegetative Effects- 453 Centrally Active Drugs- Conclusion- References
286 citations
TL;DR: Bordetella pertussis secretes a calmodulin-activated adenylate cyclase toxin (CyaA) that is able to deliver its amino-terminal catalytic domain into the cytosol of eukaryotic cells.
286 citations
TL;DR: Both the temporal relation of intracellular and external cyclic-AMP spikes and the quantitative aspects indicate that oscillatory activation of adenylate cyclase is an important feature of the signal generating system that controls development of D. discoideum.
285 citations
TL;DR: Structures of complexes with aza analogues of substrate and carbocation intermediates, as well as complexes with pyrophosphate and bornyl diphosphate, provide “snapshots” of the terpene cyclization cascade.
Abstract: The x-ray crystal structure of dimeric (+)-bornyl diphosphate synthase, a metal-requiring monoterpene cyclase from Salvia officinalis, is reported at 2.0-Å resolution. Each monomer contains two α-helical domains: the C-terminal domain catalyzes the cyclization of geranyl diphosphate, orienting and stabilizing multiple reactive carbocation intermediates; the N-terminal domain has no clearly defined function, although its N terminus caps the active site in the C-terminal domain during catalysis. Structures of complexes with aza analogues of substrate and carbocation intermediates, as well as complexes with pyrophosphate and bornyl diphosphate, provide “snapshots” of the terpene cyclization cascade.
285 citations
TL;DR: Sequence comparisons with monoterpene, sesquiterpenes, and diterpene cyclases of plant origin indicate a significant degree of similarity between these enzymes; the taxadiene synthase most closely resembles (46% identity, 67% similarity) abietadienes synthase, a diterPene cyclase from grand fir.
284 citations