scispace - formally typeset
Search or ask a question
Topic

Dalfopristin

About: Dalfopristin is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 696 publications have been published within this topic receiving 26621 citations. The topic is also known as: RP-54476 & Dalfopristina.


Papers
More filters
Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The detected high frequency of multidrug-resistant isolates among vancomycin resistant enterococci is of great importance and suggests the need for further monitoring of susceptibility in order to take adequate measures to prevent and control spreading of resistant strains.
Abstract: Introduction. Enterococci are important hospital-acquired pathogens. The most commonly isolated species of the genus, Enterococcus faecalis and Enterococcus faecium are the third to fourth-most prevalent nosocomial pathogens worldwide. The aim of this study was to determine the frequency of resistance to vancomycin and other antimicrobial agents of Enterococcus spp strains isolated from blood cultures of hospitalized patients. Material and methods. During the three-year period, from 2008 to 2010, 132 strains of Enterococcus spp isolated from blood cultures of hospitalized patients were tested for their susceptibility to ampicillin, vancomycin, gentamycin (high-level resistance), erythromycin, chloramphenicol, teicoplanin, ciprofloxacin by disc diffusion method according to the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute recommendations. Susceptibility of vancomycin resistant E. faecium to the same antibiotics and to linezolid, quinopristin/dalfopristin and tigecyclin was determined using VITEK system. Results and discussion. Resistance to vancomycin was detected in 21 (15.9%) Enterococcus spp strains. The percentage of resistance to other antimicrobial agents varied from 23.1% for chloramphenicol to 81.3% for ciproflxacin. All vancomycin resistant enterococci were identified as E. faecium and belonged to phenotype VanA. The resistance to other antibiotics was very high, except for linezolid and quinopristin/dalfopristin (4.7%). The high-level aminoglycoside resistance was 87.6% for gentamycin and 95.2% for streptomycin. All isolates were resistant to ampicillin, teicoplanin and ciprofloxacin. Conclusion. The detected high frequency of multidrug-resistant isolates among vancomycin resistant enterococci is of great importance and suggests the need for further monitoring of susceptibility in order to take adequate measures to prevent and control spreading of resistant strains.

6 citations

Journal Article
TL;DR: Antimicrobials that are grouped by their similar mechanism of action, namely inhibition of protein synthesis at the bacterial 50S ribosomal subunit, are described.
Abstract: In this article we describe antimicrobials that are grouped by their similar mechanism of action, namely inhibition of protein synthesis at the bacterial 50S ribosomal subunit. Macrolides, azalides, and ketolides are primarily used to treat community acquired respiratory tract infections. A lincosamide antibiotic, clindamycin, is primarily used to treat anaerobic infections. A combination of streptogramins, quinupristin/dalfopristin, is used to treat infections due to multiple drug resistant Gram positive cocci.

6 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The results of this study indicate that the in vitro activity of RPR 106972 against Gram-positive bacteria and selected Gram-negative respiratory organisms is promising and warrants additional studies of pharmacokinetics, and in vivo infection model dynamics.

6 citations

Journal Article
TL;DR: Among the quinolones, gatifloxacin is closest to clinical use and appears safe based on initial trial reports, and cefepime and meropenem are the most potent and broadest in clinical application in their respective classes.
Abstract: There is great public and professional concern related to antimicrobial resistance, especially among Gram-positive pathogens associated with high morbidity and mortality. Penicillin-nonsusceptible Streptococcus pneumoniae, glycopeptide resistant enterococci, and oxacillin-resistant (MRSA) or vancomycin-intermediate (VISA) Staphylococcus aureus isolates continue to escalate in occurrence leading to the widespread use of empiric combination regimens. Newer, often novel, agents seem necessary to combat these pathogens. Among these, quinupristin/dalfopristin (Synercid), evernimicin or SCH 27899 (Ziracin), and linezolid (Zyvax) have the highest potency, widest spectrum, and most clinical experience. Among the quinolones (gatifloxacin, gemifloxacin, moxifloxacin), gatifloxacin is closest to clinical use and appears safe based on initial trial reports. Several broad-spectrum beta-lactams ("fourth-generation" cephalosporins, carbapenems) are expected to be used with increasing frequency as a result of the emerging high rates of specific beta-lactamases that compromise the use of ceftriaxone, ceftazidime, and many beta-lactamase inhibition/ penicillin combinations. Among these agents, cefepime and meropenem are the most potent and broadest in clinical application in their respective classes. Physicians must stay informed about drug development and antimicrobial resistance by using results from local surveillance programs. When these data are unavailable, physicians should consider the use of national or global monitoring systems (SENTRY) to direct empiric antimicrobial selection.

6 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Activity of the drug in a guinea pig model of Legionnaires' disease could not be accurately determined because of drug toxicity for the guinea Pig, although there was evidence that the drug has in vivo activity.

6 citations


Network Information
Related Topics (5)
Antibacterial agent
35.8K papers, 1.2M citations
82% related
Antibiotic resistance
29.1K papers, 884.5K citations
82% related
Staphylococcus aureus
27K papers, 779K citations
81% related
Pseudomonas aeruginosa
16.8K papers, 565.2K citations
81% related
Drug resistance
28.4K papers, 1.1M citations
80% related
Performance
Metrics
No. of papers in the topic in previous years
YearPapers
20237
202217
20219
202010
201913
201811