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Showing papers on "Damper published in 2017"


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, a particle tuned mass damper (PTMD) is proposed to achieve significant damping effects under seismic excitations, and the bandwidth of the suppression frequency is expanded, showing the device's robustness and control efficiency.
Abstract: Summary A particle tuned mass damper (PTMD), which is a creative integration of a traditional tuned mass damper and an efficient particle damper in the vibration control area, is proposed. This paper presents a comprehensive study that involves experimental, analytical, and computational approaches. The vibration control effects of a PTMD that is attached to a five-story steel frame under seismic input are investigated by a series of shaking table tests. The influence of some parameters (auxiliary mass ratio, gap clearance, mass ratio of particles to the total auxiliary mass, frequency characteristics, and amplitude level of the input) is explored, and the performance of the PTMD with/without buffered material is compared. The experimental results show that the PTMD can achieve significant damping effects under seismic excitations, and the bandwidth of the suppression frequency is expanded, showing the device's robustness and control efficiency. In addition, an approximately analytical solution that is based on the concept of an equivalent single-particle damper is presented, and the method to determine the corresponding system parameters is introduced. A comparative study between experimental and numerical results is conducted to verify the feasibility and accuracy of this analytical model. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

121 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, a nonlinear analysis based on an updated explicit damper model having different levels of detail is performed, and the results are evaluated against a newly developed UPD test rig.

112 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, a state-observer-based Takagi-Sugeno fuzzy controller (SOTSFC) design for a semi-active quarter-car suspension installed with a magnetorheological (MR) damper was investigated.
Abstract: Much research has gone into developing advanced control algorithms for semi-active suspension. Experimental validation of these control algorithms is critical for their practical applications. This paper investigates a state-observer-based Takagi–Sugeno fuzzy controller (SOTSFC) design for a semi-active quarter-car suspension installed with a magnetorheological (MR) damper and provides proof of the effectiveness of the proposed controller. To conduct the test, a quarter-car test rig and control system hardware were used. Then, a new MR damper was designed and built to fit with the test rig. After that, the SOTSFC for the quarter-car test rig was developed. Finally, several tests were conducted on the quarter-car suspension in order to investigate the real effect of the SOTSFC. It was then compared with the use of a skyhook controller to demonstrate its benefits.

98 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: A review of recent articles published on active, passive, semi-active and hybrid vibration control systems for structures under dynamic loadings primarily since 2013 is presented in this article, where the authors present a state-of-the-art review.
Abstract: This paper presents a state-of-the-art review of recent articles published on active, passive, semi-active and hybrid vibration control systems for structures under dynamic loadings primarily since 2013. Active control systems include active mass dampers, active tuned mass dampers, distributed mass dampers, and active tendon control. Passive systems include tuned mass dampers (TMD), particle TMD, tuned liquid particle damper, tuned liquid column damper (TLCD), eddy-current TMD, tuned mass generator, tuned-inerter dampers, magnetic negative stiffness device, resetting passive stiffness damper, re-entering shape memory alloy damper, viscous wall dampers, viscoelastic dampers, and friction dampers. Semi-active systems include tuned liquid damper with floating roof, resettable variable stiffness TMD, variable friction dampers, semi-active TMD, magnetorheological dampers, leverage-type stiffness controllable mass damper, semi-active friction tendon. Hybrid systems include shape memory alloys-liquid column damper, shape memory alloy-based damper, and TMD-high damping rubber.

98 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, the use of a tuned inerter damper (TID) as a vibration absorber is studied numerically and experimentally, with civil engineering applications in mind.
Abstract: Summary In this paper, the use of a tuned inerter damper (TID) as a vibration absorber is studied numerically and experimentally, with civil engineering applications in mind. Inerters complete the analogy between mechanical and electrical networks, as the mechanical element equivalent to a capacitor and were developed in the 2000s. Initially, inerters were used for applications in automotive engineering, where they are known as J-dampers. Recently, research has suggested that inerter-based networks could be used for civil engineering applications, offering interesting advantages over traditional tuned mass dampers. In the civil engineering context, research has been mainly theoretical, considering ideal inerters. Because the dynamics of an inerter device include nonlinearities, especially at the low frequencies associated with civil engineering applications, the performance of the TID device using an off-the-shelf inerter has been experimentally tested in the work presented here. The chosen system, comprising a host structure with a TID attached to it, was tested using real-time dynamic substructuring (RTDS) or hybrid testing. The inerter was tested physically, while the remaining components of the TID device, the spring and damper, together with the host structure, were simulated numerically. Displacements and forces at the interface between numerical and physical components are updated in real time. This numerical–physical split allows the optimisation of the TID parameters, because the values of the spring and the damper can be changed without altering the experimental setup. In addition, this configuration takes into account the inerter's potentially complex dynamics by testing it experimentally, together with the characteristics of the host structure. Developing RTDS tests for physical inertial substructures, where part of the fed back interface forces are proportional to acceleration, is a challenging task because of delays arising at the interface between the experimental and the numerical substructures. Problems associated with stability issues caused by delay and causality arise, because we are dealing with neutral and advanced delayed differential equations. A new approach for the substructuring algorithm is proposed, consisting of feeding back the measured force deviation from the ideal inerter instead of the actual force at the interface. The experimental results show that with appropriate retuning of the components in the TID device, the performance in the TID incorporating the real inerter device is close to the ideal inerter device. © 2016 The Authors. Structural Control and Health Monitoring published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

96 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, a hybrid cable network consisting of dissipative devices and cross-ties is proposed to improve the dissipation capacity of cable-stayed bridges by embedding inerter components into cable networks.

96 citations



Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, the use of inerter-spring-damper configurations for a multi-storey building structure is considered and four optimum absorber layouts, in terms of how spring, damper and inerters should be arranged, for minimising the maximum relative displacements of the building are obtained with respect to the iners size and the brace stiffness.
Abstract: Summary This paper investigates the use of a two-terminal vibration suppression device in a building. The use of inerter-spring-damper configurations for a multi-storey building structure is considered. The inerter has been used in Formula 1 racing cars and applications to various systems such as road vehicles have been identified. Several devices that incorporate inerter(s), as well as spring(s) and damper(s), have also been identified for vibration suppression of building structures. These include the tuned inerter damper and the tuned viscous mass damper. In this paper, a three-storey building model with a two-terminal absorber located at the bottom subjected to base excitation is studied. The brace stiffness is also taken into consideration. Four optimum absorber layouts, in terms of how spring, damper and inerter components should be arranged, for minimising the maximum relative displacements of the building are obtained with respect to the inerter's size and the brace stiffness. The corresponding parameter values for the optimum absorber layouts are also presented. Furthermore, a real-life earthquake data is used to show the advantage of proposed absorber configurations. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

85 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, a viscous inertial mass damper (VIMD) has been used to enhance the damping and mitigate the vibration of cable-stayed bridge stay cables.
Abstract: Summary Stay cables used in cable-stayed bridges are prone to vibration due to their low-inherent damping characteristics. Many methods have been implemented in practice to mitigate such vibration. Recently, negative stiffness dampers have gained attention because of their promising energy dissipation ability. The viscous inertial mass damper (VIMD) has been shown to have properties similar to negative stiffness dampers. This paper examines the potential of the VIMD to enhance the damping, and mitigate the vibration, of stay cables. First, a control-oriented model of the cable is employed to formulate a system level model of the cable–VIMD system for small in-plane motion. After carefully classifying and labeling the mode order, the modal characteristics of the system are analyzed, and the optimal damper parameters for the several lower frequency modes are determined numerically. The results show that the achievable modal damping ratio can be up to nearly an order of magnitude larger than that of the traditional linear viscous damper; note that the optimal parameters of the VIMD are distinct for each mode of interest. These results are further validated through analysis of the cable responses due to the distributed sinusoidal excitation. Finally, a case study is conducted for a cable with a length of 307 m, including the design of practical damper parameters, modal-damping enhancement, and vibration mitigation under wind loads. The results show that the VIMD is a promising practical passive damper that possesses greater energy dissipation capacity than the traditional viscous damper for such cable–damper systems.

82 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, the Shanghai Center Tower (SHC) is a super high-rise landmark building in China, with a height of 632 m. In order to mitigate its vibration during wind storms, a new eddy-current TMD was installed at the 125th floor to prevent excessively large amplitude motion of the TMD under extreme wind or earthquake scenarios.
Abstract: Summary Two kinds of methods have been primarily used to improve the vibration performance of high-rise buildings. One approach is to enhance the structural lateral stiffness, which may increase the component size and inefficiently use material. The other approach is to employ vibration control devices, such as tuned mass dampers (TMDs), tuned liquid dampers (TLD) and other supplemental damping devices. This latter approach has proved to be quite economical and efficient, and as such, increasingly used in practice. The Shanghai Center Tower (SHC) is a super high-rise landmark building in China, with a height of 632 m. In order to mitigate its vibration during wind storms, a new eddy-current TMD was installed at the 125th floor. Special protective mechanisms were incorporated to prevent excessively large amplitude motion of the TMD under extreme wind or earthquake scenarios. Results of reduced-scale laboratory tests and field tests are presented in this paper to characterize the dynamic properties of the damping device and validate the fidelity of the numerical results. Results of structural analyses indicate that for SHC the eddy-current TMD was able to reduce wind-induced structural acceleration by 45%–60% and earthquake-induced structural displacement by 5%–15%. The installation of the TMD was completed in December 2014, and the performance observed to date is judged to be good. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

82 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, an electro-hydraulic semi-active damper was proposed to harvest the suspension kinetic energy for the purpose of further improving the fuel efficiency of off-road vehicles.


Journal ArticleDOI
Xiaoqiang Sun1, Chaochun Yuan1, Yingfeng Cai1, Shaohua Wang1, Long Chen1 
TL;DR: In this paper, a new damper with four discrete damping modes is applied to vehicle semi-active air suspension, which makes its damping adjustment more efficient and more reliable.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, a series of cyclic loading tests were performed on steel frames with various curved damper placements to evaluate the effect of these damper angles on the structural performance.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, an experimental investigation of the vibration control performance of stay cables is presented. But, stay cables are vulnerable to excessive vibration because of their inherently low damping properties, and they do not have the ability to resist excessive vibration.
Abstract: Stay cables are vulnerable to excessive vibration because of their inherently low damping properties. Described in this paper is an experimental investigation of the vibration control perfo...

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, a magnetorheological (MR) damper is optimized for use in smart prosthetic knees to minimize the total energy consumption during one gait cycle and weight of the MR damper.
Abstract: In this paper, a magnetorheological (MR) damper is optimally designed for use in smart prosthetic knees. The objective of optimization is to minimize the total energy consumption during one gait cycle and weight of the MR damper. Firstly, a smart prosthetic knee employing a DC motor, MR damper and springs is developed based on the kinetics characteristics of human knee during walking. Then the function of the MR damper is analyzed. In the initial stance phase and swing phase, the MR damper is powered off (off-state). While during the late stance phase, the MR damper is powered on to work as a clutch (on-state). Based on the MR damper model as well as the prosthetic knee model, the instantaneous energy consumption of the MR damper is derived in the two working states. Then by integrating in one gait cycle, the total energy consumption is obtained. Particle swarm optimization algorithm is used to optimize the geometric dimensions of MR damper. Finally, a prototype of the optimized MR damper is fabricated and tested with comparison to simulation.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: This study reveals that the vertical vibrations of a vehicle can be reduced significantly by using the proposed semi-active suspension strategies and naturally results in improved ride quality and passenger's comfort in comparison to the existing passive system.
Abstract: The rail–wheel interaction in a rail vehicle running at high speed results in large amplitude vibration of carbody that deteriorates the ride comfort of travellers. The role of suspension system is crucial to provide an acceptable level of ride performance. In this context, an existing rail vehicle is modelled in vertical, pitch and roll motions of carbody and bogies. Additionally, nonlinear stiffness and damping parameters of passive suspension system are defined based on experimental data. In the secondary vertical suspension system, a magneto-rheological (MR) damper is included to improve the ride quality and comfort. The parameters of MR damper depend on the current, amplitude and frequency of excitations. At different running speeds, three semi-active suspension strategies with MR damper are analysed for periodic track irregularity and the resulting performance indices are juxtaposed with the nonlinear passive suspension system. The disturbance rejection and force tracking damper controller algorithms are applied to control the desired force of MR damper. This study reveals that the vertical vibrations of a vehicle can be reduced significantly by using the proposed semi-active suspension strategies. Moreover, it naturally results in improved ride quality and passenger's comfort in comparison to the existing passive system.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, an electromagnetic shunt damper (EMSD) connected to a negative-resistance circuit is designed, modelled and analyzed to mitigate the micro-vibration environment existing on board spacecraft.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The suitability of the presented methods for the series LC-filtered active damper for stabilizing a grid converter tied to the nonideal grid is verified by verifying the expectations.
Abstract: The series LC -filtered active damper can be used for stabilizing a grid converter tied to the nonideal grid. Its operation principle is to mimic a damping resistance at the resonance frequencies appearing in the grid. However, the selection of the damping resistance has not been fully analyzed in the literature. Its effect with parasitic capacitance present in the grid has also usually been ignored, even though it may bring new challenges to the active damper. To address these issues, passivity is applied to study the grid converter stability before the understanding gained is used for formulating a damping resistance selection method. The method formulated can further be improved by admittance shaping so that system stability can always be ensured even when considering grid parasitic capacitance and control imperfection. Experimental results obtained have verified the expectations, and, hence, the suitability of the presented methods for the series LC -filtered active damper.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The results clearly imply that the proposed semi-active suspension system improves the vibration attenuation and ride quality of the vehicle.
Abstract: In this article, an existing railway vehicle is modelled as a full-scale nine-degree-of-freedom system considering lateral, yaw and roll motions of the car body and the front and rear bogies. Moreo...

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, the effects of magnet arrangement and dimensions on the negative stiffness and eddy-current damping characteristics are systematically investigated through parametric studies, and some optimal design formulas are obtained to facilitate the quick design of MNSDs for different vibration suppression applications in the future.
Abstract: This paper presents the detailed modelling, parametric studies, and optimizations for two recently proposed magnetic negative stiffness dampers (MNSDs). Both dampers are composed of several coaxially arranged permanent magnets and a conductive pipe. The novel MNSDs can efficiently integrate negative stiffness and eddy-current damping in compact and simple configurations. However, the optimal design of MNSDs has never been investigated. Therefore, this paper establishes numerical models for MNSDs, and the accuracy of the model is validated through a comparison with the experimental results. The effects of magnet arrangement and dimensions on the negative stiffness and eddy-current damping characteristics are systematically investigated through parametric studies. The MNSDs are also individually optimized to maximize the negative stiffness and eddy-current damping coefficients. Based on the optimization results, some optimal design formulas are obtained to facilitate the quick design of MNSDs for different vibration suppression applications in the future.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, a hybrid energy dissipation device is developed by combining a steel slit plate and friction pads to be used for seismic retrofit of structures, and its effectiveness is investigated by comparing the life cycle costs of the structure before and after the retrofit.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors presented the first-ever experimental verification of a PTMD system for vibration control of pipelike structures underwater, using a vertical vibration system consisting of four springs and a cylindrical steel pipe.
Abstract: Summary Pounding tuned mass damper (PTMD) is a novel type of passive damper. The PTMD utilizes collisions or impacts of a tuned mass with viscoelastic materials to efficiently dissipate the vibration energy of primary structures. The previous studies have verified its effective damping performance on a full-scale subsea jumper and other structures in air. This paper presents the first-ever experimental verification of a submerged PTMD system for vibration control of pipelike structures underwater. To facilitate the experimental studies, a vertical vibration system consisting of 4 springs and a cylindrical steel pipe was designed and set up in a water tank. Furthermore, a numerical method considering the effect of the added mass is described to estimate the natural frequencies of a submerged cylindrical pipe. Therefore, experimental results demonstrate that the PTMD system is effective and efficient to suppress the forced vibrations of the submerged cylindrical pipe at the tuned frequency and is also robust over a range of detuning frequencies.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The advantages of these semi-active systems over passive and active systems, the versatile application of MR dampers, and the fabrication of the configurations of various MR damper models are reviewed, and an overview ofVarious MR damper models are provided.
Abstract: In recent years, magnetorheological (MR) fluid technology has received much attention and consequently has shown much improvement. Its adaptable nature has led to rapid growth in such varied engineering applications as the base isolation of civil structures, vehicle suspensions, and several bio-engineering mechanisms through its implementation in different MR fluid base devices, particularly in MR dampers. The MR damper is an advanced application of a semi-active device which performs effectively in vibration reduction due to its control ability in both on and off states. The MR damper has the capacity to generate a large damping force, with comparatively low power consumption, fast and flexible response, and simplicity of design. With reference to the huge demand for MR dampers, this paper reviews the advantages of these semi-active systems over passive and active systems, the versatile application of MR dampers, and the fabrication of the configurations of various MR dampers, and provides an overview of various MR damper models. To address the increasing adaptability of the MR dampers, their latest design optimization and advances are also presented. Because of the tremendous interest in self-powered and energy-saving technologies, a broad overview of the design of MR dampers for energy harvesting and their modeling is also incorporated in this paper.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, the performance of a one-storey steel frame attached with a PTMD is investigated through free vibration and shaking table tests, and the influence of some key parameters (filling ratio of particles, auxiliary mass ratio, and particle density) on the vibration control effects is investigated.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, an active tuned mass damper (ATMD) is employed for damping of tower vibrations of fixed offshore wind turbines, where the additional actuator force is controlled using feedback from the tower displacement and the relative velocity of the damper mass.
Abstract: An active tuned mass damper (ATMD) is employed for damping of tower vibrations of fixed offshore wind turbines, where the additional actuator force is controlled using feedback from the tower displacement and the relative velocity of the damper mass. An optimum tuning procedure equivalent to the tuning procedure of the passive tuned mass damper combined with a simple procedure for minimizing the control force is employed for determination of optimum damper parameters and feedback gain values. By time domain simulations conducted in an aeroelastic code, it is demonstrated that the ATMD can be used to further reduce the structural response of the wind turbine compared with the passive tuned mass damper and this without an increase in damper mass. A limiting factor of the design of the ATMD is the displacement of the damper mass, which for the ATMD, increases to compensate for the reduction in mass. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, the damping coefficients of the dampers and the stiffness coefficients of supporting braces are designed by an optimization algorithm, subject to constraints on inter-story drifts at the peripheries of frame structures.
Abstract: Summary This paper presents an effective approach for achieving minimum-cost designs for seismic retrofitting using nonlinear fluid viscous dampers. The damping coefficients of the dampers and the stiffness coefficients of the supporting braces are designed by an optimization algorithm. A realistic retrofitting cost function is minimized subject to constraints on inter-story drifts at the peripheries of frame structures. The cost function accounts for costs related to both the topology and the sizes of the dampers. The behavior of each damper-brace element is defined by the Maxwell model, where the force–velocity relation of the nonlinear dampers is formulated with a fractional power law. The optimization problem is first posed and solved as a mixed integer problem. For the reduction of the computational effort required in the optimization, the problem is then reformulated with continuous variables only and solved with a gradient-based algorithm. Material interpolation techniques, which have been successfully applied in topology optimization and in multi-material optimization, play a key role in achieving practical final design solutions with a reasonable computational effort. Promising results attained for 3-D irregular frames are presented and discussed. Copyright © 2017 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, a steel slit damper is developed by combining four steel slit plates to be used for seismic retrofit of structures, which can produce larger damping force in relatively small size compared with the conventional slit plate dampers composed of single slit plate.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors proposed a model consisting of three split force branches in parallel describing the nonlinear elastic characteristics based on thermodynamics, the asymmetrical hysteresis and amplitude dependence by variable Berg's friction, and the frequency dependency with four-parameter fractional derivative model.
Abstract: The air spring component with a damper inside is widely used in the commercial vehicle as a vibration isolator. The nonlinear dynamics of the air spring component is important for full vehicle ride comfort evaluation. This paper aims to develop a mechanical model of the air spring component which can reproduce the air spring characteristics correctly. The proposed model consists of three split force branches in parallel describing the nonlinear elastic characteristics based on thermodynamics, the asymmetrical hysteresis and amplitude dependence by variable Berg’s friction, and the frequency dependency with four-parameter fractional derivative model. The air spring component bench tests are conducted, and the procedure of model parameter identification and model verification is presented. The nonlinear dynamic responses of the proposed model are investigated under a large amplitude excitation and different pre-compressions/pre-elongations by comparing with the Berg’s model which uses a linear elastic force element. Additionally, the proposed model and the Berg’s model for the air spring component are separately integrated into a full vehicle multibody dynamic model to evaluate the ride comfort as application for further verification through the co-simulation method using MATLAB/Simulink and MSC.ADAMS. The proposed model is verified to be more accurate than the Berg’s model through comparison with the full vehicle ride comfort test results.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, the authors proposed a novel type of passive friction damper for seismic hazard mitigation of structures, which utilizes a solid-friction mechanism in parallel with an eddy current damping mechanism to maximize the dissipation of input seismic energy through a smooth sliding in the damper.
Abstract: Summary The focus of this paper is on analytical modeling of a novel type of passive friction damper for seismic hazard mitigation of structures. The proposed seismic damping device, which is termed as passive electromagnetic eddy current friction damper, utilizes a solid-friction mechanism in parallel with an eddy current damping mechanism to maximize the dissipation of input seismic energy through a smooth sliding in the damper. In this passive damper, friction force is produced through magnetic repulsive action between two permanent magnetic sources magnetized in the direction normal to the friction surface, and the eddy current damping force is generated because of the motion of the permanent magnetic sources in the vicinity of a conductor. The friction and eddy current damping parts are able to individually produce ideal rectangular and elliptical hysteresis loops, respectively; which, when combined in the proposed device, are able to accomplish a higher input seismic energy dissipation than that only by the friction mechanism. This damper is implemented on a two-degree-of-freedom system to demonstrate its capability in reducing seismic responses of frame building structures. The numerical results show that the seismic performance of the proposed damper is comparable with that of passive magnetorheological damper of the same force capacity. However, the cost of the device is likely to be quite lesser than that of a magnetorheological damper.