Showing papers on "Data acquisition published in 1972"

Self-calibrating multiple field of view telescope for remote atmospheric electromagnetic probing and data acquisition

Abstract: The invention is a transmitting and receiving telescope for use in generalized electromagnetic radiation communication systems, including atmospheric probing systems. The telescope optics, electromagnetic radiation source laser and receiver are coaxially aligned along the telscope axis. The telescope can be constructed with one received field of view or with a plurality of received fields of view. The telescope mirrors have apertures along the telescope axis to allow alignment laser pulse or CW radiation to travel along the telescope axis without being reflected. The preferred electromagnetic radiation source is a laser which can operate in both TEM00 and TEM01 modes. The TEM00 mode is employed for alignment purposes since the energy of this mode is concentrated along the axis. The TEM01 mode is used for data acquisition because the energy of this mode is concentrated in a donut shaped region having its hole centered on the axis. Constant intensity illumination is produced in the viewed area during data acquisition by separating the donut into inner and outer annuli along the line of maximum intensity and imaging the two beams to provide 100 percent overlay at the range of interest. A preferred use for this telescope is in atmospheric probing LIDAR systems for measurements of the motion and concentration of the atmospheric environment, particularly pollution measurements. This LIDAR system uses a real time data processing system employing 800 megabit analog to digital converters and a correlation system to transform the acquired data into useable form in real time.

Remote operating condition data acquisition system

Abstract: Data readings indicative of a plurality of different operating conditions of a radio navigation aid transmitter are automatically taken and means are provided for converting the data readings to a form which can be transmitted over a nondedicated voice band-width communication link. An interface means is coupled to the converting means and operable to establish a connection with a communication link for transmission of the data readings.

System for performing spectral analyses under computer control

Abstract: Measurements of physical attributes such as dielectric film thickness that are susceptible to spectral analysis are accomplished rapidly and accurately by a spectrophotometric system in which a programmed digital computer operating concurrently with the optical scanning means automatically performs the calibrating, normalizing and data reducing functions that otherwise must be carried out as time-consuming human, mechanical or analog electronic operations. The control over the optical data handling operations exercised by the computer eliminates the need for mechanically or electronically adjusting the optical apparatus to meet changing system conditions, whether periodic or aperiodic. Source light is transmitted through a rotating variable-wavelength interference filter which acts during one-half of its cycle to transmit light of varying wavelength through a fiber-optic reference path directly to the optical data acquisition apparatus, while acting in the next half-cycle to transmit light of such varying wavelength indirectly to said data acquisition apparatus through a measurement path. In the present example, where film thickness is the attribute being measured, the measurement path comprises a bifurcated fiber-optic bundle, one branch of which is used to carry the light of variable wavelength to the sample, and the other branch of which carries light reflected from the sample to the aforesaid data acquisition apparatus. A computer program enables light passed through the reference path in one half-cyle to calibrate the system for measuring optical transmission or reflectance in the next half-cycle. Reduction of relative reflectance data to absolute reflectance data (needed for the accurate determination of film thickness) is accomplished by additional computer programs whose algorithms are based upon the discovery that all graphs of absolute reflectance versus wavelength for film samples of a given material having different thicknesses are bounded by a common pair of wave envelopes.

IOTA, a new computer controlled thin film thickness measurement tool

Abstract: IOTA is a very simple high-speed scanning spectrophotometer. A computer, an essential part of the tool, controls data acquisition, corrects systematic errors, normalizes data, and provides data reduction for the specific problem of measuring the thickness of thin oxide films on silicon semiconductor wafers. Data reduction techniques used with this computer-controlled measurement are different from those conventionally used with manually acquired data. Independence from operator induced bias and error is obtained with fully automatic measurement.

A Modern Approach To Induction Machine Parameter Identification

Abstract: This paper describes the application of a modem data acquisition system to the measurement of induction machine characteristics and the use of digital techniques for the identification of circuit parameters from this data. Direct analytical methods of data reduction are compared with parameter optimizing techniques.

Computers at sea - 1972

Abstract: Digital systems for geophysical data acquisition and processing at sea are described. Five computer systems aboard R/V ATLANTIS II of the Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution acquire and process data for navigation, earth's gravity and magnetic fields, bottom profiling and seismic reflection and refraction studies. Effective use of these systems greatly expand the information available to the scientist at sea. Large scale plots of combined geophysical data are available shortly after completion of a track line. Daily plots of individual parameters also are available from the systems tailored to specific requests. The complex at-sea reduction/processing scheme provides significant reductions in cost and time over methods previously used.

Automatic Measuring System for a Control of Standard Cells

Abstract: The automatic measuring system developed in the Electrotechnical Laboratory to monitor standard cells requiring a lot of measurements is described. It is composed of a scanner, an integrating-type digital voltmeter, a programmer or minicomputer, etc., and carries out the data acquisition and processing for a maximum of 200 cells. The difference in EMF of two cells is measured precisely. To reduce the effect of the induced EMF in the scanner, a delay unit is provided, and procedures minimizing errors and evaluating random errors have been adopted. In the on-line version of system, a great part of the data processing is done during the delay and integrating time of digital voltmeter. Applying this system to the measurement of standard cells, a precision of the order of 0.1 ?V has been obtained.

A Simple System for Real‐Time Digital Acquisition of Fast Kinetic Data

Abstract: We have assembled a data acquisition system (DAS) for the study of fast kinetics, specifically transient light absorption by molecular species formed by single pulses from a Q‐switched laser. The DAS consists of a sample‐and‐hold amplifier, 10‐bit analog‐to‐digital converter, solid state (MOS) memory, and associated timing and control circuitry. The analog signal (e.g., from a photomultiplier‐preamplifier circuit) is sampled at preset times, converted to binary digital form, and stored in the memory. The nominal accuracy of A‐to‐D conversion is ±0.05%, and the time between sampled points can be as short as 1.25 μsec. Following each laser flash, the data points are read sequentially from the memory, translated from binary to decimal numbers, and delivered to a digital panel display and a paper tape punch. The punched tape is then used to enter the data into a time shared computer for detailed analysis. The system can be readily adapted for on line use and can be used in conjunction with any of the various techniques available for studying fast chemical and biological processes [see, e.g., Methods in Enzymology, edited by K. Kustin (Academic, New York, 1969), Vol. 16].

An Automatic Data Processing System for Laser Anemometers

Abstract: An automatic data processing system for the evaluation of statistically occurring Doppler-difference bursts is described. In addition to the higher accuracy compared with the data acquisition procedures known so far, this technique allows the Doppler-difference method to be used as an operational instrument for investigations into turbulent flows, especially in the case of low particle density and extremely small turbulence degrees.

Computerized Phosphorescence Decay Measurements

Abstract: An on-line digital computer has been applied to phosphorescence decay studies. The computer controlled excitation timing and provided data acquisition, smoothing, and data reduction functions. Phosphorescence decay steps for mixtures could be observed over a wide time domain.

A Computer System for Radionuclide Analysis

Abstract: An interactive computer system for the acquisition and reduction of data for activation analysis studies has been developed. It is automatic, but achieves considerable flexibility by allowing the researcher, who need not be familiar with computers, to direct the progress of the analysis. Hardware and software form an integrated system which allows the construction and maintenance of a library of standards, acquires and manipulates data under user control, and performs the calculations for quantitative analysis of trace element concentrations.

Positron mode of the Total Organ Kinetic Imaging Monitor: system design and applications

Abstract: The TOKIM system consists of two Anger-type scintillation camera detectors operated in coincidence to obtain three-dimensional resolution for positron emitting radionuclides. An IBM 1800 computer is used for data acquisition and analysis. Several different types of display are available in this system, including alpha-numeric print-out, dot density and isometric read-outs on a storage oscilloscope. The maximum coincidence input data rate for the TOKIM is limited by electronic pile-up to about 3000 c.p.s. The spatial resolution depends on the distance of separation of the detectors, but for a practical case is 1.25 cm (FWHM) in lateral planes and 3.0 cm (FWMH) in axial planes for a point source measured in air. There is very little change in spatial resolution for sources in scattering media.

A Data Acquisition System with Isolated Output Voltage for Acquiring Events‐versus‐Voltage Spectra

Abstract: A high speed, power supply programer with standoff capabilities in excess of 4 kV has been developed. By interfacing this programer with a multichannel analyzer, an automated data acquisition system for taking events‐versus‐voltage data has been constructed. The use of this system with a hemispherical electrostatic analyzer is discussed. Also discussed are electronic measurements of the total and relative accuracies of the system.

System for Data Acquisition from High Voltage Terminals

Abstract: An inexpensive data acquisition system has been designed to provide high voltage isolation for data acquisition in analog, digital, and pulse modes. The telemetry system uses GaAs light sources, fiber optics, and phototransistors to accomplish the data transmission. Prewired logic boards have been adapted to accomplish the timing and logic functions. Seven decades of digital data are transmitted error free, pulse data can be transmitted at rates up to 1 MHz, and analog data are transmitted with 0.05% full scale accuracy.

A.R.I.E.L. On-Line Experimental Data Acquisition and Reduction

Abstract: ARIEL is a collective system conceived in an Institute having 3 particle accelerators and a Nuclear Spectrometry center, in order to allow several research teams to incorporate a powerful computer into their experimental equipment. ARIEL uses a 360/50 IBM to handle simultaneously 4 remote, independent, on-line experiments. The machine runs in a multiprogramming mode under an operating system IBM OS 360 MFT that we modified to do simultaneously several real-time jobs. We have connected to the computer specilly designed units implementing data acquisition, graphic and literal dialogue with the experimenter and the data reduction and editing of the results. A large software using supervisor extensions enables the scientist a simple FORTRAN use of all these units, starting from the preparation of the experiment to the editing of the final results. ARIEL has been designed in 1965, making use of the experience gained by the use during several years of a first collective system (1961). About a hundred different experiments performed on ARIEL since 1968 showed us the value of the choices we made.

The 1971 corn blight watch experiment data processing, analysis, and interpretation

Abstract: The principle data acquisition centers are listed for the corn blight experiment A data storage and retrieval system was established The purpose of the system was to: (1) store data in organized library; (2) maintain a record of all data stored and reduced for future access; (3) report the data in simplest form to users; and (4) record data reduction results from photographic and multispectral scanner sensors The procedures designed for handling the large amounts of data are also reviewed

Software-parameter optimization in computer gas-chromatograph system

Abstract: Many industrial laboratories are engaged in automatizing the processing of gas-chromatographic data by on-line computer. Data acquisition problems are well known and although new progress may be made, it is right to say that hardware is quite suitable for customers. The main difficulties are related to the processing of collected data: all softwares need 8 or 10 parameters which must be known with a good accuracy and which are determined by the user. These software-parameters are very important: their value depends on the duration of processing and on the type of analysis processed. We studied, on a Gaussian peak (and on two badly defined peaks) disturbed by noise, the influence of sampling rate, smoothing parameters, signal/noise ratio, dead band limits and peak shape when measuring area. Simple rules are given for optimal choice of these parameters and the accuracy of the results is evaluated. Existing software is already efficient but will be rapidly completed by eliminating the manual (“manware”) evaluation of software-parameters for a given type of analysis.

Preprocessor adapts cardiovascular signals to a minicomputer.

Abstract: A laboratory-developed analog signal processor, driven by a conventional polygraph recorder and associated signal conditioning devices, provides automatic heart beat-by-heart beat preprocessing of various cardiovascular functions for input to a laboratory-type minicomputer. The technique of preprocessing individual functions, integrated with the minicomputer system which includes an A/D converter and teletype as input-output peripherals, provides a low-cost data acquisition and reduction system for the on-line computation and analysis of cardiovascular functions in experimental research applications. Such preprocessing more efficiently uses the minicomputer's memory to handle large amounts of information since the digitized data is in the form of one data sample, per function, per heart beat. Preprocessing analog data provides a low density data format and simplified software programs that are ideally suited for the utilization of a minicomputer in this on-line application.

EMP Instrumentation Development.

Abstract: : The report describes wideband instrumentation for pulse waveform acquisition and recording. Systems developed included electromagnetic field antennas (sensors) for recording electric and magnetic field components, a data acquisition system for permanent recording of these components, and a wideband dielectric waveguide system for pulse transmission over a nonconducting (isolated) transmission link.

Computerized data acquisition system for a spectrophotofluorometer

Abstract: A method is described for acquisition and on-line correction of fluorescence data using a laboratory instrument computer.