Showing papers on "Data management published in 1992"

File server having snapshot application data groups

Abstract: This file server system appears to the host computer to be a plurality of data storage devices which are directly addressable by the host computer using the native data management and access structures of the host computer. The file server however is an intelligent data storage subsystem that defines, manages and accesses synchronized sets of data and maintains these synchronized sets of data external from the host computer system's data management facilities in a manner that is completely transparent to the host computer. This is accomplished by the use of the snapshot application data group that extends the traditional sequential data set processing concept of generation data groups.

The Eastwide forest inventory data base: users manual.

Abstract: Describes the standard Eastwide Data base (EWDB) structure. This computer file structure was developed to provide consistent data on the forest resources of the Eastern United States. These data files are available to the public.

Client/server architecture

Abstract: Introduction to client/server computing model approach to distribution client specialization in client/server environment server specialization communication systems local area networking TCP/IP and SNA Middleware distributed data management designing distributed database management systems data distribution and data replication DBMS architecture and implementation distributed transaction processing systems management data warehouse C/S application development C/S architecture for tomorrow.

Total Quality and Human Resources: An Executive Guide

Abstract: 1. Total Quality Management: An Overview 2. What the Senior Executives Need to Know About Quality Costing 3. The Role of the Senior Management in Total Quality Management 4. Total Quality Management, Some Common Failings of Senior Management 5. Motivating Managers to Accept and Promote Total Quality Management 6. Managing the Process of Organizational Change 7. Team Building 8. Involvement at Work 9. The Japanese Approach to TQM 10. Epilogue Appendix 1. Quality Systems 2. Quality Management Tools and Techniques: An Overview 3. Statistical Process Control 4. Failure Mode and Effects Analysis.

Data management system for programming-limited type semiconductor memory and IC memory card having the data management system

Abstract: In a data management system for a programming-limited type semiconductor memory (M) which is programmable a limited number of times and which includes a plurality of storage areas, a management unit (1) manages, for each of the storage areas, the number of times that programming has been performed A control unit (2) selects one of the storage areas for which programming has been performed the smallest number of times and has input data is written into the selected one of the storage areas, so that all the storage areas can be equally programmed

Issues in real-time data management

Abstract: This report explores issues related to the use of database management technology in support of real-time system programming. It describes the potential benefits of database support for real-time systems, and it describes the state of the art in database technologies relevant to real-time. The report concludes that more research and development will be needed before the benefits of database management can be applied to real-time system development.

Computer network having an asynchronous document data management system

Abstract: An object of the present invention is to provide a document data management system which can effect rapid screen display of document data. The document data management system comprises a communication processing apparatus for retrieving document data managed by another computer by way of a telecommunication line, a document data display apparatus for displaying on the screen document data requested by the user, a document data request processing apparatus for processing a document data retrieval request from the document data display apparatus, and a document data managing apparatus including document data writing controller which is utilized by the communication processing apparatus and document data reading controller which is utilized by the document data request processing apparatus. The document data display apparatus has an asynchronous read function by which a document read request to the document data request processing apparatus is carried out asynchronously of the operation of the communication processing apparatus.

Global Management of Telephone Directory

Abstract: A method of maintaining directory data in a switching system network having plural switching systems and a centralized directory data management system is comprised of of storing local directory data at each switching system, storing a copy of directory data of all the switching systems at the management system, associating directory data entries of the directory data stored at the management system with groups of switching systems, and downloading data entries associated with each group to the switching systems designated in that group.

Environmental decision support system project: an exploration of alternative architectures for geographical information systems

Abstract: Recent changes in information technology offer the opportunity to explore alternative architectures for geographical information systems (GIS) which might better support advanced applications. This paper describes the architecture and implementation of the environmental decision support system (EDSS), a prototype GIS tool kit. The architecture is based on a simple yet powerful systems model using only data collections, views and operations as the basic entity types. The design of the user interface, data management and data analysis within the model are outlined, with particular emphasis on the advanced facilities for which implementation is simplified by the architecture. A prototype applications system, BANKSIA, is also described.

H-PCTE-a high performance object management system for system development environments

Abstract: H-PCTE is an object management system (OMS) for distributed, open, and integrated system development environments. H-PCTE performs up to several thousand simple operations per second. H-PCTE is intended to be a basis for environments in which tools operate directly on fine-grained data stored in the object base. Fine-grained data modeling has several important implications for the architecture of environments, for tool design, and for the necessary functionality of the OMS. H-PCTE's performance is due to main-memory-oriented implementation techniques and to a careful adaptation of the OMS services to the data management needs of tools. As a result, tools need not pay for OMS services which they do not really need. This applies in particular to recovery and the external view facilities. >

MegaLog - A platform for developing Knowledge Base Management Systems

Abstract: This is an overvic~w of McgaLog a platform on which nezt generation Knowledge/Dala Base Management Systems could be built. To achieve this purpose, th.e requirements of object oriented and of deductive K/DBMSs were considered in the design of MegaLog, and feaiures to support them efliciexllu were built into it. This is indeed an assertion that there is no contradiction in the fundamental principles on which ihese two types of Ii/DBMS rest. On the contrary, there are many important elements in. common, alrd those principles that are nol common arc at the very least complcmenlary lo each other. The original contributions in the destgn and implementation of MegaLog are threefold: the commott platform approach discussed above, the techniques that make possible the persistence of programs and data for shared and concurrent usage ou a large scale, and finally but not least important the use, scale and scope to wlriclr conventional lechniques in the fields of logic programming and of data bases have been applied.

Acquisition of ICU data: concepts and demands.

Abstract: As the issue of data overload is a problem in critical care today, it is of utmost importance to improve acquisition, storage, integration, and presentation of medical data, which appears only feasible with the help of bedside computers. The data originates from four major sources: (1) the bedside medical devices, (2) the local area network (LAN) of the ICU, (3) the hospital information system (HIS) and (4) manual input. All sources differ markedly in quality and quantity of data and in the demands of the interfaces between source of data and patient database. The demands for data acquisition from bedside medical devices, ICU-LAN and HIS concentrate on technical problems, such as computational power, storage capacity, real-time processing, interfacing with different devices and networks and the unmistakable assignment of data to the individual patient. The main problem of manual data acquisition is the definition and configuration of the user interface that must allow the inexperienced user to interact with the computer intuitively. Emphasis must be put on the construction of a pleasant, logical and easy-to-handle graphical user interface (GUI). Short response times will require high graphical processing capacity. Moreover, high computational resources are necessary in the future for additional interfacing devices such as speech recognition and 3D-GUI. Therefore, in an ICU environment the demands for computational power are enrmous. These problems are complicated by the urgent need for friendly and easy-to-handle user interfaces. Both facts place ICU bedside computing at the vanguard of present and future workstation development leaving no room for solutions based on traditional concepts of personal computers. For a truely paperless documentation a new integrated computational paradigm has to be developed that might required a new dimension of computational and graphical power at the bedside.

Extending decision support systems: the integration of data, knowledge, and model management

Abstract: The proliferation of desktop computing has once again rekindled the interest in making computerized tools available to managers and other decision makers. This paper elaborates on a model that integrates data, knowledge, and model management and shows how decision support systems (DSSs) can be extended to support managers in a truly novel way. The model, the Knowledge/Data Model (KDM), is explained and the significance of its applicability to the management of data, knowledge, and models is illustrated through several examples. KDM continues to evolve and is being applied to domains from computer chip design to production and inventory management systems.

A review and analysis of the usability of data management environments

Abstract: Our objective in this paper is to provide a thorough understanding of the usability of data management environments with an end to conducting research in this area. We do this by synthesizing the existing literature that pertains to (i) data modelling as a representation medium and (ii) query interface evaluation in the context of data management. We were motivated by several trends that are prevalent in the current computing context. First, while there seems to be a proliferation of new modelling ideas that have been proposed in the literature, commensurate experimental evaluation of these ideas is lacking. Second, there appears to exist a significant user population that is quite adept at working in certain computing environments (e.g. spreadsheets) with a limited amount of computing skills. Finally, the choices in terms of technological platforms that are now available to implement new software designs allow us to deal with the implementation issue more effectively. The outcomes of this paper include a delineation of what constitutes an appropriate conceptualization of this area and a specification of research issues that tend to dominate the design of a research agenda.

Problems of Quality Management in the Professional Services

Abstract: The management of professional organizations, such as management consultancies, audit companies, legal firms, training, educational and research institutes, automation consultancies, organizations in health care, and professional staff departments in organizations, can encounter several problems when it wants to organize the quality management of the professional services better and more systematically. Distinguishes four problems and discusses (1) determining quality norms; (2) developing a quality management methodology which fits the specific character of the professional organization; (3) demonstrating quality; (4) developing organizational quality management next to the individual professional quality management which usually already exists. Discusses the concepts of quality management, professional services, quality and professional quality. Works out the four quality management problems and suggests solutions.

Strategies for human resource management : a total business approach

Abstract: Human resource managers are increasingly being asked to take a more business-orientated role and to demonstrate that HR strategies and policies contribute directly to business goals. Human Resource Management in the 1990s takes each key area of HR management and summarises the "best proactive" approaches being adopted by leading-edge organisations to achieve this business-orientated role. The HR manager's role is considered in its broadest possible scope and includes topics such as total quality management and change management which HR managers have only recently begun to deal with. The book draws on the very wide experience of a leading firm of management consultants with all sorts of companies, including major multi-nationals. There is also a chapter specifically devoted to human resource management in the public sector. Coverage includes - HR development; performance management; international HRM; reward management; TQM and customer cafe; employee communications; HR information systems; organization strategy and much more.

Data management and accountability in behavioral and biomedical research.

Abstract: Regulations recently enacted by the Public Health Service and the National Science Foundation to address misconduct in scientific research were designed primarily to curtail deliberate forms of misconduct, such as fabrication or falsification of findings; however, researchers may also be held accountable for inadvertent deficiencies in data management. This article examines some of the problems in data quality control, documentation, and data retention that can occur when computers are used in scientific research. It focuses on deficiencies that could make it difficult to verify the integrity of research data or to reproduce statistical analyses. Strategies for prevention of data management problems are recommended.

Towards a New Understanding of Data Modelling

Abstract: This paper reviews the fundamental assumptions of current data modelling approaches in the light of the recent debate on conflicting research paradigms. The following four questions are used to identify paradigmatic assumptions about the ontology, language, epistemology and social context of data modelling: (1) What is being modelled? (2) How well is the result represented? (3) Why is it valid? (4) How are data models used in practice? It is concluded that the pursuit of these four questions amounts to a new research programme in data management and that the appropriate metaphors for data modelling are not fact gathering and modelling, but negotiation and law-making.

Specialized data management method

Abstract: A specialized data management method wherein schema-evolution is handled transparently by the end-user at run time, the data are groomed according to certain rules, and the grooming tasks are performed, if possible, when the computer system is otherwise idle, or at least when the data management system is otherwise idle. These mechanisms allow the data to be stored with optimal compactness and clustering, enabling the fastest possible storage and retrieval rates. The method supplies a high-level programming language extension, thereby enabling the data management system to take on most of the responsibilities of the application. The exemplary embodiment of a data management system using the method is a vote-server for use in groupware applications.

Print management system utilizing separate storage units for storing image, edit, and control information relating to prepress jobs thereof

Abstract: The invention provides a printing data management system which realizes unitary control and management of printing data including parts data like pictures and photographs used in reproduction and assembled data so as to improve the efficiency of prepress process. The system is provided with an edit device for editing various process control data, which includes: discrimination data for identifying a target print from other prints; and instruction data, file management data, and individual progress data generated corresponding to each of plural jobs. An operator can readily control the progress of each job throughout the prepress process based on this process control data. The system of the invention also allows efficient information storage and retrieval.

On the organization of large shared model bases

Abstract: Central to the Model Management (MM) function is the creation and maintenance of a knowledge-based model repository. The Model Knowledge Base (MKB) provides the basis by which information about models can be shared to facilitate consistent and controlled utilization of existing models for decision making, as well as the development of new models. Various schemes for representing individual models have been proposed in the literature. This paper focuses on how best to structure, control, and administer a large MKB to support organization-wide modeling activities. Guided by a recently proposed systems framework for MM, we describe a number of concepts which are useful for capturing the semantics and structural relationships of models in an MKB. These concepts, and the nature of the MMS functions to be supported, are then used to derive specific information management requirements for model bases. Four major requirements are identified: (1) management of composite model configurations; (2) management of model version histories; (3) support for the model consultation and selection functions of an MMS; and (4) support for multiple logical MKBs (private, group, and public). We argue that traditional record-based approaches to data management appear to fall short of capturing the rich semantics present in an MM environment. The paper proposes an architecture for an MMS, focusing on its major component — the MKB Management Subsystem. An implementation of this architecture is briefly described.

HB2: a hyperbase management system for open, distributed hypermedia system architectures

Abstract: The complexities of providing data management support for advanced hypermedia computing environments make it clear that effectiveness requires more than simple extensions to existing database technology. This dissertation presents the conceptual design, prototypic implementation, and qualitative evaluation of the HB2 hyperbase management system (HBMS). The overarching goal for HB2 is to provide as much flexibility and extensibility as possible in support of advanced hypermedia system architectures. A particular emphasis is placed on accommodating application-level extensibility through inter-application linking. HB2 represents a new approach to HBMS organization. Its subsystems include: the Hyperbase Session Manager (HSM), Object Manager (OM), Association Set Manager (ASM), Off-line Services Manager (OSM), and the Storage Manager (SM). OM implements the notion of a large, shared repository of simple, unstructured objects. ASM provides persistent and sharable storage for the connectivity data that link information together to form hypermedia. ASM also manages separate contexts for these structural data. Together, OM and ASM implement HB2's data model, which abstracts inter-object connectivity, behaviors, and information from hypermedia. SM maps HB2's data model into physical storage. Distribution of OM and ASM functionality across a range of platforms is achieved by a client/server model using interprocess communication facilities. HSM controls access to the OM and ASM servers and manages sessions. Transaction management instantiates separate and tailored mechanisms for deadlock-free concurrency control over objects, structural data, and contexts. OSM asynchronously enforces integrity constraints over OM and ASM data. A framework for hyperbase extensibility and scalability is provided by virtue of HB2's modular subsystem organization. HB2 addresses several critical HBMS design issues. Central to HB2 is the notion that effective support for hypermedia requires tailored support for the essential entities that comprise hypermedia. This leads to a new and empowering approach to hyperbase organization. Data management support is provided to the information and behavioral elements of hypermedia independently of its structural elements. In addition, the work advances a notion of object that has been refined to the particular requirements of hypermedia and provides a context for thinking about the eventual incorporation of hypermedia functionality into the base operating environment.

The design and development of an information technology application for community transport: a case study approach

Abstract: The aim of the research has been to develop a single modular software package for all modes of Community Transport (CT) operations. In order to achieve this aim, the research has set out to examine CT operations, the scope for computerisation of those operations and existing software for them, to analyse the requirements of CT operators through a collaborative process, to develop a data model which supports their operations, and to implement a software package based on this model which provides both a data management system and operational functions. [Continues.]

The FAST Hipparcos data reduction consortium - Overview of the reduction software

Abstract: The main features of the data analysis methods adopted by FAST in the calibration and processing of the Hipparcos data are discussed. The structure of the data reduction software is examined, and the actual processing and evaluation are presented. Attention is given to the first look task, the calibration task, data preparation, attitude determination, the great circle reduction, synthesis treatment, iterations, data management and command software, and follow-up and evaluation activities.

Design and Evaluation of a Computer-Assisted Management Information System for Secondary Schools.

Abstract: This book describes the design and evaluation of a computer-based information system for secondary schools in The Netherlands. It reports on three studies: (1) a pilot study; (2) the SCHOLIS project, which designed a computer-assisted system for school administration; and (3) the evaluation of the implementation of a computer-assisted Absentee Registration System (ARS). Following the introduction, chapter 2 discusses the rationale for the SCHOLIS project and describes a pilot study that examined available administrative software, new developments, and the effects of introducing computer-assisted school administration. Chapters 3 through 6 describe the goals and project activities of SCHOLIS, the design strategy, and design results. The sixth chapter reflects on the merits and demerits of the design strategy. Chapters 7 through 9 evaluate implementation of one of the SCHOLIS modules, the Absentee Registration System. A summary of results their implications are included in the final chapter. Educators who wish to replicate the system should also consider the school decision-making processes and organizational feature unique to their school. Program success would also be enhanced by government support, further research, and training for school administrators in the skills necessary for computer-supported policy formation. Twenty-five tables and nine figures are included. Appendices contain diagrams, information un the activities of absentee registration, interaction of the school system with the environment, an overview of the diagram hierarchy, glossary, and list of variables/indicators. The book concluoes with a Dutch summary. (Contains 116 references.) (LMI) ***1r********************** *******************4************************* Reproductions supplied by EDRS are the best that can be made from the original document. *********************************************************************** U.S. DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATION Othce of Educetaonel Research and Hanoverian. EDU IONAL RESOURCES INFORMATION CENTER (ERIC) this document has Conn reoroclucect rocolynt Irom IM pfsKln Or winch/M.0n or.g.notmg O Minor changes have teen made to improve roproduchos mislay "PERMISSION TO REPRODUCE THIS MATERIAL HAS BEEN GRANTED BY Points Of vow O< OpInt On S 1111110 in 1/%100000rt11nt do not flacons...1y rornont Offtcisl OE Fit position or PoltCY TO THE EDUCATIONAL RESOURCES INFORMATION CENTER (ERIC)." T DV AM al A CI C r' b. DESIGN AND EVALUATION OF A COMPUTER-ASSISTED MANAGEMENT INFORMATION SYSTEM FOR SECONDARY SCHOOLS