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Dechloromonas

About: Dechloromonas is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 139 publications have been published within this topic receiving 5649 citations.


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Journal ArticleDOI
28 Jun 2001-Nature
TL;DR: Two Dechloromonas strains are reported, RCB and JJ, that can completely mineralize various mono-aromatic compounds including benzene to CO2 in the absence of O2 with nitrate as the electron acceptor, the first example, to the authors' knowledge, of an organism of any type that can oxidize benzene anaerobically.
Abstract: Benzene contamination is a significant problem It is used in a wide range of manufacturing processes and is a primary component of petroleum-based fuels Benzene is a hydrocarbon that is soluble, mobile, toxic and stable, especially in ground and surface waters It is poorly biodegraded in the absence of oxygen However, anaerobic benzene biodegradation has been documented under various conditions Although benzene biomineralization has been demonstrated with nitrate1, Fe(III)2,3,4,5, sulphate6,7 or CO28,9 as alternative electron acceptors, these studies were based on sediments or microbial enrichments Until now there were no organisms in pure culture that degraded benzene anaerobically Here we report two Dechloromonas strains, RCB and JJ, that can completely mineralize various mono-aromatic compounds including benzene to CO2 in the absence of O2 with nitrate as the electron acceptor This is the first example, to our knowledge, of an organism of any type that can oxidize benzene anaerobically, and we demonstrate the potential applicability of these organisms to the treatment of contaminated environments

521 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Assessment of the effect of biochar amendment on the root-associated bacterial community composition of mature sweet pepper (Capsicum annuum L.) plants found that the Bacteroidetes-affiliated Flavobacterium was the strongest biochar-induced genus and chitin and cellulose degraders includedChitinophaga and Cellvibrio, respectively and aromatic compound degrades (Hydrogenophagaand Dechloromonas).
Abstract: Adding biochar to soil has environmental and agricultural potential due to its long-term carbon sequestration capacity and its ability to improve crop productivity. Recent studies have demonstrated that soil-applied biochar promotes the systemic resistance of plants to several prominent foliar pathogens. One potential mechanism for this phenomenon is root-associated microbial elicitors whose presence is somehow augmented in the biochar-amended soils. The objective of this study was to assess the effect of biochar amendment on the root-associated bacterial community composition of mature sweet pepper (Capsicum annuum L.) plants. Molecular fingerprinting (denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis and terminal restriction fragment length polymorphism) of 16S rRNA gene fragments showed a clear differentiation between the root-associated bacterial community structures of biochar-amended and control plants. The pyrosequencing of 16S rRNA amplicons from the rhizoplane of both treatments generated a total of 20,142 sequences, 92 to 95% of which were affiliated with the Proteobacteria, Bacteroidetes, Actinobacteria, and Firmicutes phyla. The relative abundance of members of the Bacteroidetes phylum increased from 12 to 30% as a result of biochar amendment, while that of the Proteobacteria decreased from 71 to 47%. The Bacteroidetes-affiliated Flavobacterium was the strongest biochar-induced genus. The relative abundance of this group increased from 4.2% of total root-associated operational taxonomic units (OTUs) in control samples to 19.6% in biochar-amended samples. Additional biochar-induced genera included chitin and cellulose degraders (Chitinophaga and Cellvibrio, respectively) and aromatic compound degraders (Hydrogenophaga and Dechloromonas). We hypothesize that these biochar-augmented genera may be at least partially responsible for the beneficial effect of biochar amendment on plant growth and viability.

336 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The results indicate that the wetland sediments contained organisms such as Geobacter sp.
Abstract: The potential for microbially-mediated anaerobic redox cycling of iron (Fe) was examined in a first-generation enrichment culture of freshwater wetland sediment microorganisms. MPN enumerations revealed the presence of significant populations of Fe(III)-reducing (ca. 108 cells mL-1) and Fe(II)-oxidizing, nitrate-reducing organisms (ca. 105 cells mL-1) in the sediment used to inoculate the enrichment cultures. Nitrate reduction commenced immediately following inoculation of acetate-containing (ca. 1 mM) medium with a small quantity (1% vol/vol) of wetland sediment, and resulted in the transient accumulation of NO2- and production of a mixture of end-products including NH4+. Fe(III) oxide (high surface area goethite) reduction took place - after NO3- was depleted and continued until all the acetate was utilized. Addition of NO3 after Fe(III) reduction ceased resulted in the immediate oxidation of Fe(II) coupled to reduction of + NO3-to NH4 . No significant NO2- accumulation was observed during nitrate-dependent Fe(II) oxidation. No Fe(II) oxidation occurred in pasteurized controls. Microbial community structure in the enrichment was monitored by DGGE analysis of PCR amplified 16s rDNA and RT-PCR amplified 16S rRNA, as well as by construction of 16S rDNA clone libraries for four different time points during the experiment. Strong similarities in dominant members of the microbial communitymore » were observed in the Fe(III) reduction and nitrate-dependent Fe(II) oxidation phases of the experiment, specifically the common presence of organisms closely related (= 95% sequence similarity) to the genera Geobacter and Dechloromonas. These results indicate that the wetland sediments contained organisms such as Geobacter sp. which are capable of both + dissimilatory Fe(III) reduction and oxidation of Fe(II) with reduction of NO3-reduction to NH4 . Our findings suggest that microbially-catalyzed nitrate-dependent Fe(II) oxidation has the potential to contribute to a dynamic anaerobic Fe redox cycle in freshwater sediments.« less

313 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: An in-depth analysis of these organisms which form two distinct monophyletic groups within the Rhodocyclus assemblage is presented and two new genera are proposed, Dechloromonas and Dechlorosoma, which represent the predominant (per)chlorate-reducing bacteria in the environment.
Abstract: Previous studies on the ubiquity and diversity of microbial (per)chlorate reduction resulted in the isolation of 20 new strains of dissimilatory (per)chlorate-reducing bacteria. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that all of the isolates were members of the Proteobacteria with representatives in the alpha-, beta- and gamma-subclasses. The majority of the new isolates were located in the beta-subclass and were closely related to each other and to the phototrophic Rhodocyclus species. Here an in-depth analysis of these organisms which form two distinct monophyletic groups within the Rhodocyclus assemblage is presented. Two new genera, Dechloromonas and Dechlorosoma, are proposed for these beta-subclass lineages which represent the predominant (per)chlorate-reducing bacteria in the environment. The type species and strains for these new genera are Dechloromonas agitata strain CKBT and Dechlorosoma suillum strain PST, respectively.

279 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The results of these studies demonstrate that biological perchlorate remediation can be facilitated through the use of a cathode as the primary electron donor, and that continuous treatment in such a system approaches current industry standards.
Abstract: As part of our studies into the diversity of dissimilatory perchlorate reducing bacteria (DPRB) we investigated the reduction of perchlorate in the cathodic chamber of a bioelectrical reactor (BER). Our results demonstrated that washed cells of Dechloromonas and Azospira species readily reduced 90 mg L-1 perchlorate in the BER with 2,6-anthraquinone disulfonate (AQDS) as a mediator. No perchlorate was reduced in the absence of cells or AQDS, or in an open-circuit control. Similar results were observed when a natural microbial community was inoculated into a fed-batch BER. After 70 days of operation, a novel DPRB, strain VDY, was isolated which readily reduced perchlorate in a mediatorless BER. Continuous up-flow BERs (UFBERs) were seeded with active cultures of strain VDY, and perchlorate at a volumetric loading of 60 mg L-1 day-1 was successfully removed. Gas phase analysis indicated that low levels of H2 produced at the cathode surface through electrolysis may mediate this metabolism. The results of the...

219 citations


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Performance
Metrics
No. of papers in the topic in previous years
YearPapers
202117
202022
201910
201813
201716
201615