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Degranulation

About: Degranulation is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 8325 publications have been published within this topic receiving 325182 citations. The topic is also known as: cell degranulation.


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Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: A novel technique to enumerate antigen-specific CD8+ T cells using a marker expressed on the cell surface following activation induced degranulation, a necessary precursor of cytolysis, and CD107-expressing CD8+, expressing cognate T cell receptors (TCR), is presented.

1,585 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
02 Oct 1981-Science
TL;DR: There is increasing evidence that natural killer cells, with the ability to mediate natural resistance against tumors in vivo, certain virus and other microbial diseases, and bone marrow transplants, may play an important role in immune surveillance.
Abstract: Natural killer cells are a recently discovered subpopulation of lymphoid cells that are present in most normal individuals of a range of mammalian and avian species. Natural killer cells have spontaneous cytolytic activity against a variety of tumor cells and some normal cells, and their reactivity can be rapidly augmented by interferon. They have characteristics distinct from other types of lymphoid cells and are closely associated with large granular lymphocytes, which comprise about 5 percent of blood or splenic leukocytes. There is increasing evidence that natural killer cells, with the ability to mediate natural resistance against tumors in vivo, certain virus and other microbial diseases, and bone marrow transplants, may play an important role in immune surveillance.

1,352 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: This review summarises current knowledge of granule biology and highlights the effects of neutrophil degranulation in the acute inflammatory response.

1,117 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
01 Jun 1985-Nature
TL;DR: The molecular cloning and characterization of a gene regulated by rIFN-γ in U937 cells as well as in human mononuclear cells, fibroblasts and endothelial cells is reported here and may be a member of a family of proteins involved in the inflammatory process.
Abstract: Interferons are a family of proteins first identified by their ability to induce cellular resistance to infection by many viruses. In addition to the antiviral properties it shares with the α- and β-interferons, γ-interferon (IFN-γ), a lymphokine secreted by activated T cells, activates macrophages, stimulates B cells, increases fibroblast and endothelial cell resistance to many non-viral intracellular parasites and modulates cell-surface proteins central to immune cell regulation1–13. To identify molecules involved in the IFN-γ response and characterize their modulation, we have isolated genes that are induced following recombinant IFN-γ treatment of U937 cells, a histiocytic lymphoma cell line with monocytic characteristics14,15. We report here the molecular cloning and characterization of a gene regulated by rIFN-γ in U937 cells as well as in human mononuclear cells, fibroblasts and endothelial cells. Messenger RNA from this gene is induced within 30 min of rIFN-γ treatment and demonstrates maximal (>30-fold) accumulation within 5 h. Increased transcription is partly responsible for this accumulation. This gene encodes a protein of relative molecular mass (Mr) 12,378 which has significant amino-acid homology to platelet factor-4 and β-thromboglobulin, two chemo-tatic proteins released by platelets on degranulation. This IFN-γ-inducible protein may be a member of a family of proteins involved in the inflammatory process.

910 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The deficiency of bactericidal capacity and the minimal degranulation after active phagocytosis by the PMN of these children with an inherited syndrome suggest that separate metabolic processes are involved in phagocytetosis and in intracellular digestion.
Abstract: Diminished bactericidal capacity was found to be characteristic of polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMN) from five children with the clinical syndrome of granulomatous disease of childhood. The PMN from these children demonstrated nearly normal phagocytic capacity, and the majority of viable bacteria, after 2 hours of incubation in the phagocytosis system, were found associated with leukocytes. The morphology of the unstimulated polymorphonuclear leukocytes from patients with chronic granulomatous disease was similar to those from normal persons of similar ages by light and electron microscopy. In addition, the total lysozyme and phagocytin activity of leukocyte extracts from these patients was similar to those from equal numbers of leukocytes from controls.A striking difference in the cytoplasmic response after phagocytosis characterized the PMN of the patients with granulomatous disease. Whereas degranulation, vacuole formation, and rapid bacterial digestion were the rule in the PMN from controls, little degranulation and persistence of intact bacteria in the cytoplasm characterized disease. The deficiency of bactericidal capacity and the minimal degranulation after active phagocytosis by the PMN of these children with an inherited syndrome suggest that separate metabolic processes are involved in phagocytosis and in intracellular digestion. Continuing study of the metabolic function of leukocytes from these children should provide an opportunity for increased understanding of the metabolic basis for degranulation and intracellular digestion in phagocytic cells.

906 citations


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Performance
Metrics
No. of papers in the topic in previous years
YearPapers
2023241
2022420
2021258
2020276
2019287
2018265