Showing papers on "Dehydrogenation published in 1968"
TL;DR: In this article, a new method to prepare Bi 2 O 3 -MoO 3 catalysts consisting in boiling slurries of mixtures of freshly prepared and thoroughly washed bismuth hydroxide and molybdic acid has been developed.
138 citations
TL;DR: The most active catalysts were those prepared from calcium hydroxide and calcined at 500 ° as discussed by the authors, which showed no catalytic activity towards the isomerization of olefins, the activity however could be restored when the catalyst was annealed at 500°.
62 citations
TL;DR: In this article, a mechanism for cyclohexane dehydrogenation was proposed, where hydrogen is pumped out of the reactor by diffusion through a hydrogen-porous palladium-silver alloy membrane.
51 citations
42 citations
TL;DR: In this article, a nickel-to-tin molar ratio of 2.5:1 was obtained for cyclohexanone with a catalytic phase supported by a supported nickel-tin phase.
31 citations
28 citations
Patent•
24 Oct 1968
TL;DR: In this paper, a process for the production of mono-and diolefin hydrocarbons by the catalytic oxidative dehydrogenation of paraffin polycarbonates at 400 DEG -700 DEG C was described.
Abstract: A process for the production of mono- and diolefin hydrocarbons by the catalytic oxidative dehydrogenation of paraffin hydrocarbons at 400 DEG -700 DEG C in the presence of catalysts comprising mixed oxide systems and consisting of oxides of molybdenum and/or tungsten and oxides of at least one of the following metals: chromium, manganese, iron, nickel and cadmium.
27 citations
Patent•
08 Mar 1968
TL;DR: PALLADIUM ALLOYED with COPPER, GOLD, BORON, OR A GROUP VIII METAL is used for HYDRODEALKYLATION and for deHYDROGENATION to produce AROMATICS.
Abstract: PALLADIUM ALLOYED WITH COPPER, GOLD, BORON, OR A GROUP VIII METAL IS EMPLOYED FOR HYDRODEALKYLATION AND FOR DEHYDROGENATION TO PRODUCE AROMATICS, DIOLEFINS, AND MONO-OLEFINS.
25 citations
TL;DR: It is postulated that double bond insertion may represent an early step in a new pathway of aliphatic hydrocarbon degradation and the dehydrogenation of hydrocarbons did not appear to be related to the formation of unsaturated fatty acids.
Abstract: A suspension of glucose-grown resting cells of Nocardia salmonicolor PSU-N-18 oxidized hexadecane to a mixture of internal monohexadecenes. The latter exhibited a cis configuration, and the mixture consisted of the following: 7-hexadecene, 80%; 8-hexadecene, 18%; and 6-hexadecene, 2%. Alkanes other than hexadecane also were unsaturated by the resting cells, and the composition of the monoalkenes resulting from octadecane dehydrogenation was 9-octadecene, 91%; 8-octadecene, 2 to 3%; 7-octadecene, 1 to 2%; and 6- and 5-octadecenes, trace amounts. Only minute quantities of unsaturated hydrocarbons accumulated during growth on hexadecane and during resting-cell incubation of hexadecane-grown cells with hexadecane. The dehydrogenation of hydrocarbons did not appear to be related to the formation of unsaturated fatty acids. It is postulated that double bond insertion may represent an early step in a new pathway of aliphatic hydrocarbon degradation.
24 citations
TL;DR: An unusual and useful dehydrogenation of estrone of Δ9(11)-estrone has been observed on its reaction with the adamantyl carbonium ion.
21 citations
TL;DR: Dehydrogenation of 6-methoxy-1-tetralone using palladium-carbon, palladium black, and quinones has been studied with a view to preparing 6-methyl-1 naphthol.
Abstract: Dehydrogenation of 6-methoxy-1-tetralone (1) using palladium–carbon (30%), palladium black, and quinones has been studied with a view to preparing 6-methoxy-1-naphthol (3). A novel addition product...
Patent•
22 Mar 1968TL;DR: In this article, the authors describe the steps of separating normal paraffins from a PETROLEUM FRACTION, dehydrogenating the paraffin to form MONO-OLEFINS, reacting the paralfin with a MONOCYCLIC ARYL COMPOUND SUCH as BENZENE and sulfonating the results of the resulting alkylaryl hydrocars.
Abstract: METHODS FOR PREPARING DETERGENT TYPE ALKYLARYL SULFONATES INCLUDING THE STEPS OF SEPARATING NORMAL PARAFFINS FROM A PETROLEUM FRACTION, DEHYDROGENATING THE NORMAL PARAFFINS TO FORM MONO-OLEFINS, REACTING THE MONO-OLEFINS WITH A MONOCYCLIC ARYL COMPOUND SUCH AS BENZENE AND SULFONATING THE RESULTING ALKYLARYL HYDROCARBONS. NOVEL DEHYDROGENATION CATALYSTS COMPRISING ONE OR MORE GROUP I-B METALS, SUCH AS COPPER, AND ONE OR MORE NOBLE METALS OF THE PLATINUM OR PALLADIUM FAMILIES DEPOSITED UPON LOW ACIDITY ALUMINA ARE EMPLOYED FOR THE DEHYDROGENATION OF N-PARAFFINS. THE PROCEDURE USING SUCH NOVEL CATLYSTS RESULTS IN IMPROVED CONVERSIONS AND THE PRODUCTION OF A PURER PRODUCT.
TL;DR: In this article, the reaction of acetylene with hydrogen and deuterium has been studied using alumina-supported ruthenium (92-192 °C) and osmium (144-202 °C).
TL;DR: The structure of 1,3- or 1,5-Cyclo-Octadiene has been confirmed by single-crystal X-ray analysis in this article, based on infrared, proton magnetic resonance, and mass spectra.
Abstract: 1,3- or 1,5-Cyclo-octadiene undergoes transannular dehydrogenation with decacarbonyldirhenium to give the bicyclic derivative, tricarbonyltrimethylene-1,2-cyclopentadienylrhenium(I), C8H9Re(CO)3. The structure of the product, suggested on the basis of infrared, proton magnetic resonance, and mass spectra, has been confirmed by single-crystal X-ray analysis. The Re(CO)3 group is bonded to the cyclopentadienyl ring in the same way as in many [M(CO)3Arene] complexes.
TL;DR: In this article, Nitrosoazomethine derivatives deoxygenation for generation of azomethines was discussed, discussing preparation by oxidation and dehydrogenation of secondary amidoximes.
Abstract: Nitrosoazomethine derivatives deoxygenation for generation of azomethine nitrenes, discussing preparation by oxidation and dehydrogenation of secondary amidoximes
Patent•
22 Oct 1968
TL;DR: In this paper, a process for the dehydrocyclization of paraffinic hydrocarbons or the dehydrogenation of low molecular weight paraffins to produce hydrogen and mono-olefins, including contact with the organic materials with a catalyst of an active metal from Group VIII of the Periodic System, such as platinum, palladium, ruthenium and nickel, was described.
Abstract: A process for the dehydrocyclization of paraffinic hydrocarbons or the dehydrogenation of low molecular weight paraffins to produce hydrogen and mono-olefins, including, contacting the organic materials with a catalyst of an active metal from Group VIII of the Periodic System, such as platinum, palladium, ruthenium and nickel, in amounts of about 0.5 to 5 percent of the finished catalyst and a promoter from the rare earth metal Group of the Periodic System, such as cerium and thorium, in an amount of 1 to 10 percent of the finished catalyst, both deposited on an inert oxide support, such as gamma-type aluminas, silica-alumina, silica-magnesia, etc., at a temperature between about 550* and 1,250*F, a pressure of 0.01 to 2,600 mm. of mercury absolute, and a liquid hourly space velocity of 0.1 to 10. A promoting amount of a second metal selected from the group consisting of alkali metals and alkaline earth metals may also be deposited on the carrier. The hydrogen produced by the dehydrogenation of paraffins is also separated from the olefins and contacted with coal liquids in the presence of the above catalyst or a hydrogenation catalyst and under hydrogenation conditions to increase the saturation of the coal liquids.
Patent•
22 Oct 1968
TL;DR: In this paper, a process for effecting a hydrogen transfer reaction involving the dehydrogenation of at least a part of the feed material, such as the dehydrocyclization of paraffinic hydrocarbons to produce aromatics, and the dehydration of low molecular weight paraffins to produce hydrogen and monoolefins, is described.
Abstract: A process for effecting a hydrogen transfer reaction involving the dehydrogenation of at least a part of the feed material, such as the dehydrocyclization of paraffinic hydrocarbons to produce aromatics, and the dehydrogenation of low molecular weight paraffins to produce hydrogen and monoolefins, including contracting the feed material with a catalyst comprising a metal of Group VIB of the Periodic System, in an amount between about 5 to 15 percent by weight of the finished catalyst, and a promotor of a metal of Group IV of the Periodic System, such as tin and lead in an amount of between about 1.0 and 10 percent by weight of the finished catalyst, both deposited on an inert oxide support such as gamma aluminas, silica-alumina, silica-magnesia, alumina-magnesia, etc., at a temperature between about 550 DEG F. and 1,250 DEG F., a pressure between about 0.01 and 2,600 mm. mercury absolute, and a liquid hourly space velocity between about 0.1 and 10. Where lower paraffins are dehydrogenated to olefins and hydrogen, the hydrogen is separated from the olefins and contacted with coal liquids in the presence of a hydrogenation catalyst, preferably of the same character as the dehydrogenation catalyst, and under conditions sufficient to a hydrogenate at least a part of the coal liquids. An additional promotor selected from the group of alkali metals, alkaline earth metals and rare earth metals may also be added.
Patent•
14 Nov 1968TL;DR: The preferred source of Gaseous competition is from OXIDATIVE DEHYDROGENATION PROCESS as mentioned in this paper, which is a mixture of a multiple-stage compressor with a direct-contact contact scrubber.
Abstract: REDUCING FOULING OF COMPRESSOR PISTONS AND CYLINDERS USED FOR THE COMPRESSION OF GASEOUS COMPOSITIONS COMPRISING UNSATURATED ORGANIC COMPOUNDS AND CARBONYL COMPOUNDS BY COMPRESSING THE GASEOUS COMPOSITION WITH A MULTISTAGE COMPRESSOR WITH DIRECTON CONTACT SCRUBBING OF GASES BETWEEN COMPRESSION STAGES. PREFERRED SOURCE OF GASEOUS COMPOSITION IS FROM OXIDATIVE DEHYDROGENATION PROCESS.
TL;DR: The catalytic properties of a range of compounds, using sulfur dioxide as the oxidant, over a variety of catalysts has been examined in this paper, and metal sulfides and metal phosphates were the best of the catalysts examined.
Patent•
01 Jul 1968
TL;DR: In this article, a branched chain, aliphatic hydrocarbons of five to 10, preferably five to eight, carbon atoms, with the longest continuous carbonto-carbon chain being four or five carbons long, are dehydrogenated with the aid of a catalyst composition consisting essentially of zinc aluminate spinal, chromia and alkali metal oxide.
Abstract: Branched chain, aliphatic hydrocarbons of five to 10, preferably five to eight, carbon atoms, with the longest continuous carbonto-carbon chain being four or five carbons long, are dehydrogenated with the aid of a catalyst composition consisting essentially of zinc aluminate spinal, chromia and alkali metal oxide. Vapor phase conditions are employed, including a temperature of about 900* to 1250* F. The dehydrogenation proceeds with a minimum of skeletal isomerization to yield an olefinically unsaturated product having the same skeletal carbon atom arrangement as the hydrocarbon being dehydrogenated. Thus, for example, using the catalyst of the invention neohexane can be dehydrogenated to neohexene in high yields and with a minimum of byproducts.
TL;DR: Ferric chloride reacts with 1,2-glycols, when irradiated with light, to afford dehydration and dehydrogenation products as discussed by the authors, and the reaction course is influenced by the structure of the 1 2 glycols and the kind of ligand around the Fe(III) ion.
Abstract: Ferric chloride reacts with 1,2-glycols, when irradiated with light, to afford dehydration and dehydrogenation products. The reaction course is influenced by the structure of the 1,2-glycols, the kind of ligand around the Fe(III) ion, and the solvent in the reaction system. When the number of hydrogen atoms on carbon having a hydroxyl group of 1,2-glycol increases, the yield of the dehydration product increases in comparison with that of the dehydrogenation product; the photochemical reaction of ferric chloride with ethylene glycol or pinacol gives, selectively, acetaldehyde or acetone respectively. The photochemical reaction of ferric acetate with the ethylene glycol shows a highly selective dehydrogenation, giving only formaldehyde, though it is in a good yield. Furthermore, the addition of aniline or acetic acid to the ferric chloride-ethylene glycol system results in an increase in the production of glyoxal or acetaldehyde respectively. In the photochemical reaction of ferric chloride with ethylene gl...
Patent•
13 Mar 1968
TL;DR: In this paper, N-Alkyl morpholines are prepared by reacting diethylene glycol with a primary alkylamine at elevated temperatures and superatmospheric pressures in the presence of hydrogen and a hydrogenation/dehydrogenation catalyst.
Abstract: N-Alkyl morpholines are prepared by reacting diethylene glycol with a primary alkylamine at elevated temperatures and superatmospheric pressures in the presence of hydrogen and a hydrogenation/dehydrogenation catalyst. It is preferred to operate at 200-300 DEG C. under a pressure of 100-200 atms. Suitable catalysts are those containing one or more of the metals V, Cr, Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, Pd or Pt or a compound thereof supported on an inert carrier. Examples describe the preparation of N-methyl morpholine.
Patent•
05 Jul 1968TL;DR: In this article, 2,3-Epoxycyclohexanone is rearranged thermally to dihydroresorcinol, and dehydrogenation of the dihydrogenated mixture produces resorcinolic acid.
Abstract: 2,3-Epoxycyclohexanone is rearranged thermally to dihydroresorcinol. Dehydrogenation of dihydroresorcinol produces resorcinol.