Topic
Dendritic cell differentiation
About: Dendritic cell differentiation is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 476 publications have been published within this topic receiving 52302 citations.
Papers published on a yearly basis
Papers
More filters
TL;DR: Once a neglected cell type, dendritic cells can now be readily obtained in sufficient quantities to allow molecular and cell biological analysis and the realization that these cells are a powerful tool for manipulating the immune system is realized.
Abstract: B and T lymphocytes are the mediators of immunity, but their function is under the control of dendritic cells. Dendritic cells in the periphery capture and process antigens, express lymphocyte co-stimulatory molecules, migrate to lymphoid organs and secrete cytokines to initiate immune responses. They not only activate lymphocytes, they also tolerize T cells to antigens that are innate to the body (self-antigens), thereby minimizing autoimmune reactions. Once a neglected cell type, dendritic cells can now be readily obtained in sufficient quantities to allow molecular and cell biological analysis. With knowledge comes the realization that these cells are a powerful tool for manipulating the immune system.
14,532 citations
TL;DR: Dendritic cells are antigen-presenting cells with a unique ability to induce primary immune responses and may be important for the induction of immunological tolerance, as well as for the regulation of the type of T cell-mediated immune response.
Abstract: Dendritic cells (DCs) are antigen-presenting cells with a unique ability to induce primary immune responses. DCs capture and transfer information from the outside world to the cells of the adaptive immune system. DCs are not only critical for the induction of primary immune responses, but may also be important for the induction of immunological tolerance, as well as for the regulation of the type of T cell-mediated immune response. Although our understanding of DC biology is still in its infancy, we are now beginning to use DC-based immunotherapy protocols to elicit immunity against cancer and infectious diseases.
6,758 citations
TL;DR: Cultured DCs are as efficient as antigen-specific B cells in presenting tetanus toxoid (TT) to specific T cell clones and their efficiency of antigen presentation can be further enhanced by specific antibodies via FcR- mediated antigen uptake.
Abstract: Using granulocyte/macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) and interleukin 4 we have established dendritic cell (DC) lines from blood mononuclear cells that maintain the antigen capturing and processing capacity characteristic of immature dendritic cells in vivo. These cells have typical dendritic morphology, express high levels of major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class I and class II molecules, CD1, Fc gamma RII, CD40, B7, CD44, and ICAM-1, and lack CD14. Cultured DCs are highly stimulatory in mixed leukocyte reaction (MLR) and are also capable of triggering cord blood naive T cells. Most strikingly, these DCs are as efficient as antigen-specific B cells in presenting tetanus toxoid (TT) to specific T cell clones. Their efficiency of antigen presentation can be further enhanced by specific antibodies via FcR-mediated antigen uptake. Incubation of these cultured DCs with tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha) or soluble CD40 ligand (CD40L) for 24 h results in an increased surface expression of MHC class I and class II molecules, B7, and ICAM-1 and in the appearance of the CD44 exon 9 splice variant (CD44-v9); by contrast, Fc gamma RII is markedly and sometimes completely downregulated. The functional consequences of the short contact with TNF-alpha are in increased T cell stimulatory capacity in MLR, but a 10-fold decrease in presentation of soluble TT and a 100-fold decrease in presentation of TT-immunoglobulin G complexes.
5,381 citations
TL;DR: A negative feedback loop from the mature T helper cells may selectively inhibit prolonged TH1 or TH2 responses by regulating survival of the appropriate dendritic cell subset.
Abstract: It is not known whether subsets of dendritic cells provide different cytokine microenvironments that determine the differentiation of either type-1 T helper (T H 1) or T H 2 cells. Human monocyte (pDC1)–derived dendritic cells (DC1) were found to induce T H 1 differentiation, whereas dendritic cells (DC2) derived from CD4 + CD3 – CD11c – plasmacytoid cells (pDC2) induced T H 2 differentiation by use of a mechanism unaffected by interleukin-4 (IL-4) or IL-12. The T H 2 cytokine IL-4 enhanced DC1 maturation and killed pDC2, an effect potentiated by IL-10 but blocked by CD40 ligand and interferon-γ. Thus, a negative feedback loop from the mature T helper cells may selectively inhibit prolonged T H 1 or T H 2 responses by regulating survival of the appropriate dendritic cell subset.
1,967 citations
TL;DR: The capacity of SLE patients' serum to induce DC differentiation correlated with disease activity and depended on the actions of interferon-α (IFN-α), suggesting unabated induction of DCs by IFN- α may drive the autoimmune response in SLE.
Abstract: Dendritic cells (DCs) are important in regulating both immunity and tolerance. Hence, we hypothesized that systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), an autoimmune disease characterized by autoreactive B and T cells, may be caused by alterations in the functions of DCs. Consistent with this, monocytes from SLE patients' blood were found to function as antigen-presenting cells, in vitro. Furthermore, serum from SLE patients induced normal monocytes to differentiate into DCs. These DCs could capture antigens from dying cells and present them to CD4-positive T cells. The capacity of SLE patients' serum to induce DC differentiation correlated with disease activity and depended on the actions of interferon-alpha (IFN-alpha). Thus, unabated induction of DCs by IFN-alpha may drive the autoimmune response in SLE.
1,234 citations