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Desulfotomaculum
About: Desulfotomaculum is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 250 publications have been published within this topic receiving 10320 citations.
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TL;DR: This organism is the first sulfate-reducing bacterium described that can grow with metals or U(VI) as sole electron acceptors.
Abstract: A spore-forming sulfate-reducing bacterium Desulfotomaculum reducens sp. nov. strain MI-1 has been isolated from heavy metal contaminated sediments. Strain MI-1 grows with Cr(VI), Mn(IV), Fe(III), and U(VI), in addition to various sulfur compounds, as electron acceptors. This organism shares physiological properties with both the sulfate-reducing and metal-reducing groups of bacteria and is the first sulfate-reducing bacterium described that can grow with metals or U(VI) as sole electron acceptors.
459 citations
TL;DR: A new strictly anaerobic, polarly flagellated, sporing, acetate-oxidizing, sulfate-reducing bacterium was isolated from anaerobe fresh or sea water mud samples and an emended description of the genus Desulfotomaculum is proposed which includes the new bacterium as the species Desulfotomyaculum acetoxidans.
Abstract: A new strictly anaerobic, polarly flagellated, sporing, acetate-oxidizing, sulfate-reducing bacterium was isolated from anaerobic fresh or sea water mud samples. The oxidation of acetate to CO2 is stoichiometrically linked to the formation of H2S from sulfate. Ethanol, butanol and butyrate are also used. Hydrogen, lactate or pyruvate are not used as electron donors; organic substances are not fermented. A cytochrome of the b-type and a supposed sulfite reductase, P582, were detected spectrophotometrically. An emended description of the genus Desulfotomaculum is proposed which includes the new bacterium as the species Desulfotomaculum acetoxidans.
289 citations
TL;DR: The results suggest that organisms spread among diverse bacterial phyla can use arsenate as a terminal electron acceptor, and that dissimilatory arsenate reduction might occur in the sulfidogenic zone at arsenate concentrations of environmental interest.
Abstract: A newly discovered arsenate-reducing bacterium, strain OREX-4, differed significantly from strains MIT-13 and SES-3, the previously described arsenate-reducing isolates, which grew on nitrate but not on sulfate. In contrast, strain OREX-4 did not respire nitrate but grew on lactate, with either arsenate or sulfate serving as the electron acceptor, and even preferred arsenate. Both arsenate and sulfate reduction were inhibited by molybdate. Strain OREX-4, a gram-positive bacterium with a hexagonal S-layer on its cell wall, metabolized compounds commonly used by sulfate reducers. Scorodite (FeAsO42· H2O) an arsenate-containing mineral, provided micromolar concentrations of arsenate that supported cell growth. Physiologically and phylogenetically, strain OREX-4 was far-removed from strains MIT-13 and SES-3: strain OREX-4 grew on different electron donors and electron acceptors, and fell within the gram-positive group of the Bacteria, whereas MIT-13 and SES-3 fell together in the ɛ-subdivision of the Proteobacteria. Together, these results suggest that organisms spread among diverse bacterial phyla can use arsenate as a terminal electron acceptor, and that dissimilatory arsenate reduction might occur in the sulfidogenic zone at arsenate concentrations of environmental interest. 16S rRNA sequence analysis indicated that strain OREX-4 is a new species of the genus Desulfotomaculum, and accordingly, the name Desulfotomaculum auripigmentum is proposed.
274 citations
TL;DR: This work was conducted to evaluate real-time PCR with SybrGreen (SG) detection as quantification method for Desulfotomaculum lineage 1 organisms in samples of rice field soil and found that the method was optimized in several parameters like SG concentration.
256 citations
TL;DR: The results suggest that to a large extent, dissimilatory sulphate reduction and methanogenesis are mutually exclusive in the human large gut.
Abstract: Sulphate-reducing bacteria (SRB) were enumerated in 40 faecal samples obtained from two different human populations in the United Kingdom and rural South Africa. Species able to metabolize acetate, lactate, propionate, butyrate, H2/CO2, succinate, pyruvate, valerate, ethanol and a glutamate/serine/alanine mixture were found in faeces from both populations. Although a variety of nutritionally and morphologically distinct species of SRB belonging to the genera Desulfotomaculum, Desulfobacter, Desulfomonas and Desulfobulbus were identified, Desulfovibrio types always predominated. Significant numbers of SRB were present only in faecal samples from subjects whose breath methane excretion was low or undetectable. Reduced or absent methanogenesis in the presence of SRB was confirmed in fermentation studies with faecal slurries. Fourteen of 20 (70%) British faecal samples contained SRB and the remainder produced methane. The reverse was the case with 20 rural black South Africans, where only three (15%) of the samples had significant levels of SRB; the remaining 85% produced methane. These results suggest that to a large extent, dissimilatory sulphate reduction and methanogenesis are mutually exclusive in the human large gut.
234 citations