Detonation

About: Detonation is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 17309 publications have been published within this topic receiving 214341 citations. The topic is also known as: detonate.

Dynamic Behavior of Materials

Abstract: Dynamic Deformation and Waves. Elastic Waves. Plastic Waves. Shock Waves. Shock Waves: Equations of State. Differential Form of Conservation Equations and Numerical Solutions to More Complex Problems. Shock Wave Attenuation, Interaction, and Reflection. Shock Wave-Induced Phase Transformations and Chemical Changes. Explosive-Material Interactions. Detonation. Experimental Techniques: Diagnostic Tools. Experimental Techniques: Methods to Produce Dynamic Deformation. Plastic Deformation at High Strain Rates. Plastic Deformation in Shock Waves. Shear Bands (Thermoplastic Shear Instabilities). Dynamic Fracture. Applications. Indexes.

Principles of combustion

Abstract: Review of Chemical Thermodynamics. Review of Chemical Kinetics. Conservation Equations for Multi--Component Reacting Systems. Rankine--Hugoniot Relations of Detonation and Deflagration Waves of Premixed Gases. Premixed Laminar Flames. Diffusion Flames and Combustion of a Single Liquid Fuel Droplet. Turbulent Flames. Turbulent Reacting Flows with Premixed Reactants. Chemically Reacting Boundary--Layer Flows. Ignition. Appendix. Index.

Nucleosynthesis in Chandrasekhar Mass Models for Type Ia Supernovae and Constraints on Progenitor Systems and Burning-Front Propagation

Abstract: The major uncertainties involved in the Chandrasekhar mass models for Type Ia supernovae (SNe Ia) are related to the companion star of their accreting white dwarf progenitor (which determines the accretion rate and consequently the carbon ignition density) and the flame speed after the carbon ignition. We calculate explosive nucleosynthesis in relatively slow deflagrations with a variety of deflagration speeds and ignition densities to put new constraints on the above key quantities. The abundance of the Fe group, in particular of neutron-rich species like 48Ca,50Ti,54Cr,54,58Fe, and 58Ni, is highly sensitive to the electron captures taking place in the central layers. The yields obtained from such a slow central deflagration, and from a fast deflagration or delayed detonation in the outer layers, are combined and put to comparison with solar isotopic abundances. To avoid excessively large ratios of 54Cr/56Fe and 50Ti/56Fe, the central density of the average white dwarf progenitor at ignition should be as low as 2 ? 109 g cm-3. To avoid the overproduction of 58Ni and 54Fe, either the flame speed should not exceed a few percent of the sound speed in the central low Ye layers or the metallicity of the average progenitors has to be lower than solar. Such low central densities can be realized by a rapid accretion as fast as -->img1.gif 1 ? 10-7 M? yr-1. In order to reproduce the solar abundance of 48Ca, one also needs progenitor systems that undergo ignition at higher densities. Even the smallest laminar flame speeds after the low-density ignitions would not produce sufficient amount of this isotope. We also found that the total amount of 56Ni, the Si-Ca/Fe ratio, and the abundance of some elements like Mn and Cr (originating from incomplete Si burning), depend on the density of the deflagration-detonation transition in delayed detonations. Our nucleosynthesis results favor transition densities slightly below 2.2 ? 107 g cm-3.

Computer Program for Calculation of Complex Chemical Equilibrium Compositions, Rocket Performance, Incident and Reflected Shocks, and Chapman-Jouguet Detonations

Abstract: A detailed description of the equations and computer program for computations involving chemical equilibria in complex systems is given. A free-energy minimization technique is used. The program permits calculations such as (1) chemical equilibrium for assigned thermodynamic states (T,P), (H,P), (S,P), (T,V), (U,V), or (S,V), (2) theoretical rocket performance for both equilibrium and frozen compositions during expansion, (3) incident and reflected shock properties, and (4) Chapman-Jouguet detonation properties. The program considers condensed species as well as gaseous species.

Chemistry of Detonations. I. A Simple Method for Calculating Detonation Properties of C–H–N–O Explosives

Abstract: Detonation pressures of C–H–N–O explosives at initial densities above 1.0 g/cc may be calculated by means of the simple empirical equation P = Kρ02φ, K = 15.58, φ = NM1 / 2Q1 / 2, detonation velocities by the equation D = Aφ1 / 2(1 + Bρ0), A = 1.01, B = 1.30. N is the number of moles of gaseous detonation products per gram of explosive, M is the average weight of these gases, Q is the chemical energy of the detonation reaction ( − ΔH0per gram), and ρ0 is the initial density. Values of N, M, and Q may be estimated from the H2O–CO2 arbitrary decomposition assumption, so that the calculations require no other imput information than the explosive's elemental composition, heat of formation, and loading density. Detonation pressures derived in this manner correspond quite closely to values predicted by a computer code known as RUBY, which employs the most recent parameters and covolume factors with the Kistiakowsky‐Wilson equation of state.