Developing country

About: Developing country is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 38046 publications have been published within this topic receiving 826572 citations. The topic is also known as: developing countries.

Mainstreaming Nutrition in Poverty Reduction Strategy Papers : What Does It Take? A Review of the Early Experience

Abstract: This paper reviews 40 full poverty reduction strategy papers (PRSPs) with regard to whether these strategy papers (1) recognize under-nutrition as a development problem in the country, (2) whether they use nutrition information for poverty analysis, and (3) whether the PRSP includes specific nutrition activities (policies, strategies, and programs) to deal with the unique nutrition problems in each country. The review shows that three quarters of the PRSPs recognize that under-nutrition is a development problem that leads to loss of human capital and/or productivity. Also, many PRSPs, either explicitly or implicitly, include country nutrition profiles in their poverty analysis. Consequently, a majority of PRSPs include strategies and specific actions to mitigate the effects of malnutrition. However, there appears to be little prioritization or sequencing of proposed actions. More importantly, the strategies and actions included in PRSPs often do not reflect an appropriate response to the nature of the nutrition problem in the country. In a quarter of countries with macronutrient deficiencies and about 40% of countries with micronutrient deficiencies, the PRSPs fail to address these two problems. Moreover, tackling nutrition issues requires greater institutional capacity and budget allocations than currently seem to exist. Gross mismatches between the causes of malnutrition and responses to the nutrition problem inevitably lead to a lack of impact and a waste of resources, which will further contribute to the marginalization of nutrition in future PRSPs.

Factors contributing the outcome of Schizophrenia in developing and developed countries: A brief review

Abstract: According to WHO, schizophrenia is a severe form of mental illness affecting about 7 per thousand of the adult popu-lation, mostly in the age group 15-35 years. Though the incidence is low (3-10,000), the prevalence is high due to chronicity. Schizophrenia is occurring in both developing and developed countries. The remission rate is higher in developing countries compared to the developed ones. There are some compelling factors that may influence the out-come of schizophrenia includes gender, employment, marital status, family support, illness myths, family burden, duration of untreated psychosis etc. In this review we have discussed the epidemiology, pathophysiology, diagnosis, treatment and finally the factors that influence the outcome of schizophrenia in developing and developed countries. Key Words : Schizophrenia, outcome, developing countries, antipsychotic agents. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/icpj.v1i4.10063 International Current Pharmaceutical Journal 2012, 1(4): 81-85

Is It Economic Growth or Socioeconomic Development?: A Cross-Sectional Analysis of the Determinants of Infant Mortality

Abstract: Some recent studies suggest narrowly defined economic growth is the key to reducing the infant mortality rate. A host of new studies emerged in reaction to this assertion. These new studies emphasize the role of increased health expenditures in reducing infant mortality rates. Analyzing the infant mortality rate using cross-sectional data for provinces in Turkey, this paper first ranks provinces by their level of socioeconomic development, and then tests both linear and nonlinear regression models to explore the relationship between the infant mortality rate and the indicators of socioeconomic development. This paper contributes to the infant mortality literature by providing additional insights into the determinants of infant mortality using consistently measured cross-sectional data for the provinces within a developing country. Our findings indicate that per capita gross domestic product is a significant determinant of the infant mortality rate, but the relationship is not a linear one.

When the Weak Bargain with the Strong: Negotiations in the World Trade Organization

Abstract: When a developing country negotiates with a large developed country it generally faces the problem of unequal bargaining power. Within the context of trade negotiations forming coalitions is one natural response to this. However, even in multilateral contexts the sources of bargaining power still operate to advantage the large developed state and developing states do not always gain strength from numbers. The experience of the Uruguay Round, especially the negotiations over intellectual property rights, suggests that developing countries have to think much more creatively about group life and structures for engendering a different kind of group life rather than focusing too much on the institutional reform of the World Trade Organization. Informal and formal groups have different advantages and disadvantages. A more formal structure along the lines proposed in the paper would help developing countries to overcome the weaknesses of informal groups, especially the two-track dilemma. Developing countries need groups that encourage communication amongst themselves, especially in the hard bargaining stages of a trade round. Better communication amongst developing countries is the basis for making calculative trust more robust and allows for possibility of the formation of some level of social identity trust. informal groups, intellectual property rights, Quad, social identity trust, trade negotiation, World Trade Organization

Carbon mitigation potential of Indian steel industry

Abstract: Steel dominates the global metal production accounting for 5 % of increase in Earth’s atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO2). Today, India is the 4th largest producer of crude steel in the world. The sector contributes around 3 % to the country’s gross domestic product (GDP) but adds 6.2 % to the national greenhouse gas (GHG) load. It accounts for 28.4% of the entire industry sector emissions, which are 23.9% of the country’s total emissions. Being a developing country, India is not obliged to cut its emissions under the Kyoto Protocol to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (FCCC), but gave voluntary commitment to reduce the emission intensity of its GDP by 20–25 % from the 2005 level by 2020. This paper attempts to find out if the Indian steel sector can help the country in fulfilling this commitment. The sector reduced its CO2 emissions per ton of steel produced by 58% from 1994 to 2007. The study generates six scenarios for future projections which show that the sector can reduce its emission intensity by 12.5 % to 63 %. But going by the conservative estimates, the sector can reduce emission intensity by 30 % to 53 %. However, actual emissions will go up significantly in every case.