scispace - formally typeset
Search or ask a question

Showing papers on "Dielectric resonator antenna published in 1975"


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors measured the dielectric constants of Ba2Ti9O20 resonators at 4 GHz, K = 39.8, and τ = 2 ppm/°C.
Abstract: Microwave measurements of Ba2Ti9O20 show that this ceramic is uniquely suited for dielectric resonators. (Suitable ceramics should have a high dielectric constant K, a low dielectric loss (high Q), and a low temperature coefficient of resonant frequency, τ.) At 4 GHz, Ba2Ti9O20 resonators have Q >8000, K= 39.8, and τ=2 ppm/°C. Measurements of Q and τ were made on unmetallized ceramic resonator disks positioned in a waveguide; K was measured using a dielectric post resonator technique. From 4 to 10 GHz, Q approaches that for a copper waveguide cavity, whereas the temperature coefficient is typically 8 times lower.

247 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
J. Van Bladel1
TL;DR: In this article, it was shown that the modes of a dielectric resonator are of two types: confined and non-confined, and their radiation pattern and quality factor were investigated.
Abstract: It is shown that the modes of a dielectric resonator are of two types: confined and nonconfined. Orthogonality properties and variational principles are derived for these modes, and their radiation pattern and quality factor are investigated. The material of the resonator is assumed lossless and of very high permittivity.

140 citations


Patent
05 Sep 1975
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors have disclosed a dielectric resonator which comprises a block of any desired shape prepared from any known Dielectric material and has one or more apertures, in the form of a through-hole or a cavity or blind-hole.
Abstract: There is disclosed a dielectric resonator which comprises a block of any desired shape prepared from any known dielectric material. The dielectric block has one or more apertures. The aperture in the dielectric block may be in the form of a through-hole or a cavity or blind-hole. In the case of employment of a pluraity of apertures in the dielectric block, they may be of the same size or of different size and of the same type of aperture or of different types of aperture. Various types of microwave filters using one or more dielectric resonators referred to above are also disclosed.

100 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
J. Van Bladel1
TL;DR: In this article, the response of a dielectric resonator excited by either interior volume sources or incident exterior waves is investigated, and special attention is devoted to phenomena at resonace, and in particular to the induced electric and magnetic dipoles.
Abstract: The response of a dielectric resonator excited by either interior volume sources or incident exterior waves is investigated. Special attention is devoted to phenomena at resonace, and in particular to the induced electric and magnetic dipoles. Simple formulas are obtained for the scattering cross section. The material of the resonator is assumed lossless and of very high permittivity.

60 citations


Patent
Katsuhiro Kimura1, Yoichi Kaneko1
02 Sep 1975
TL;DR: In this paper, a temperature compensated dielectric resonator device is presented, which is composed of an element mounted on a micro-integrated circuit (MIC) plane, where a screw is provided for manually regulating the frequency of the device and a supporting member supporting the screw is disposed in vicinity of the element.
Abstract: A temperature compensated dielectric resonator device is composed of a dielectric resonator element mounted on a micro-integrated circuit (MIC) plane. A screw is provided for manually regulating the frequency of the device and a supporting member supporting the screw is disposed in vicinity of the element. The supporting member dimensions and materials are predetermined, so that the screw may be held at such a position that it compensates for a resonant frequency shift caused by thermal expansion.

38 citations


Patent
13 Jun 1975
TL;DR: In this paper, a device for superficially heating an adjacent body comprising a high frequency resonator is described, which produces an electromagnetic field inside said resonator at the resonant frequency of the resonator when said device is adjacent to a surface to be heated.
Abstract: Device for superficially heating an adjacent body comprising a high frequency resonator means for producing an electromagnetic field inside said resonator at the resonant frequency of said resonator when said device is adjacent a surface to be heated, and means for conducting energy from said field to radiating means outside said resonator.

35 citations


Patent
10 Dec 1975
TL;DR: In this article, a tubular resonator is coupled coaxially to a half wavelength extensional resonator at a nodal region of the vibratory motion in a direction parallel to the longitudinal axis of the extensional resonance.
Abstract: A tubular resonator is coupled coaxially to a half wavelength extensional resonator at a nodal region of the vibratory motion in a direction parallel to the longitudinal axis of the extensional resonator. The frequency of the vibratory motion is in the sonic or ultrasonic frequency range, typically in the range from 1 kHz to 100 kHz. The radially directed vibratory motion at the nodal region of the extensional resonator is coupled to the tubular resonator and is converted by the tubular resonator into radial flexural vibratory motion which motion travels along the wall of the tubular resonator in a direction parallel to the longitudinal axis. A fluid within the flexural resonator thus is subjected to intense vibratory energy.

26 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The problem of the stability of the Gaussian modes of an optical resonator of large mirror apertures filled with a medium having a gain and index profile is considered and it is found that the modes of the resonator are stable if the gain is highest on the resonATOR axis.
Abstract: The problem of the stability of the Gaussian modes of an optical resonator of large mirror apertures filled with a medium having a gain and index profile is considered. Recent results by other investigators are carefully examined in an attempt to clarify a discrepancy between them. It is found that the modes of the resonator are stable if the gain is highest on the resonator axis. When the gain increases with distance from the resonator axis, one can calculate a Gaussian eigenmode, but this mode is unstable in the sense that any deviation from the exact physical parameters defining the mode will cause its divergence to an infinite spot size.

23 citations


Patent
09 Oct 1975
TL;DR: In this paper, a modification to the reflective surfaces in unstable resonator assemblies is proposed to improve the operating characteristics of such devices and enhance the quality in the far field of the output beam from such resonators.
Abstract: A modification to the reflective surfaces in unstable resonator assemblies to improve the operating characteristics of such devices and enhance the quality in the far field of the output beam from such resonators is disclosed Some modifications include the elimination of abrupt discontinuities in the reflective surfaces and the forming of an auxiliary unstable resonator along the centerline axis of the primary resonator and result in increased symmetry in the operating characteristics of the system in the gain region and improved intensity profile in the far field for the output beam The concept is applicable to axial as well as radial flow resonators having either circular or cylindrical optics

23 citations


Patent
J. Stephen Kofol1
24 Dec 1975
TL;DR: A dielectric waveguide oscillator includes a microwave producing diode, a strip resonator, and a Dielectric Waveguide butted against one end of the resonator as discussed by the authors.
Abstract: A dielectric waveguide oscillator includes a microwave producing diode, a strip resonator, and a dielectric waveguide butted against one end of the strip resonator.

17 citations


Proceedings ArticleDOI
28 May 1975

Patent
24 Mar 1975
TL;DR: In this paper, a suspension element for fastening a piezoelectric resonator to a support was presented. But the suspension element was not designed for the case of a single resonator, and mechanical vibrations tended to be transmitted between the support and the resonator.
Abstract: A suspension element for fastening a piezoelectric resonator to a support olates mechanical vibrations tending to be transmitted between the support and the resonator. The element has a thin active area with thicker ends for coupling and damping.

Patent
John Robert Sundquist1
10 Mar 1975
TL;DR: In this paper, a double winding with the turns interspersed and of like pitch is proposed to suppress odd harmonics in a compound helical resonator filter, which can be included in a composite helical filter with a helical inner conductor.
Abstract: In a helical resonator, sometimes called a coaxial resonator with helical inner conductor, new capabilities are achieved by providing a double winding with the turns interspersed and of like pitch. One pair of respective opposite ends of the two portions of the double winding is connected directly to the cavity or ground conductor of the resonator, sometimes called the shield. Coupling to the cavity is achieved by any prior coupling technique. The new resonator can be included in compound helical resonator filters as would other helical resonators. One of the principal advantages of the new helical resonator is its ability to suppress odd harmonics both in its own resonator characteristic and in the characteristics of a composite filter in which it is only one of several helical resonators.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, the effect of the optical resonator magnification and centerline location on the near-field output power of a cw chemical laser was investigated and analytical solutions were obtained in the limits M $Yields$ 1 and M much greater than 1 where M is cavity magnification.
Abstract: The primary objective of the study was to determine the effect of the optical resonator magnification and centerline location on the near-field output power from a cw chemical laser. Geometric optics are used. The flowing gain medium is assumed to be adjacent to one of the resonator mirrors. Analytic solutions are obtained in the limits M $Yields$ 1 and M much greater than 1, where M is cavity magnification. Effects of resonator and laser medium parameters on laser output power are then discussed. Turbulent and laminar diffusion is considered. (TFD)

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, an open resonator formed by two equal and symmetric roof mirrors with roof angle α ranging from −8° to 100° was analyzed and two stability regions correspond to quasi-flat-roof and quasi-90° roof resonators, respectively.
Abstract: Modes, losses, and phase shift are determined for an open resonator formed by two equal and symmetric roof mirrors with roof angle α ranging from −8° to 100°. In all cases, the Fresnel number of the resonator was N = 1 and the mirror spacing L = 100λ. The results of the numerical analysis show two stability regions that correspond to quasi-flat-roof resonators and to quasi-90° roof resonators, respectively. The equivalence between a resonator with a small roof angle α (quasi-flat roof) and a resonator with roof angle (π + α)/2 is discussed. A quasi-90° roof resonator presents losses generally smaller than the equivalent flat-roof resonator.

Patent
19 Nov 1975
TL;DR: A microwave power generator comprises a cavity resonator and at least two oscillators built using transmission lines and negative resistance diodes, magnetically coupled to the resonator as mentioned in this paper.
Abstract: A microwave power generator comprises a cavity resonator and at least two oscillators built using transmission lines and negative resistance diodes, magnetically coupled to the resonator. At least one additional oscillator is added and electrically coupled to the resonator at a point where the electric field is at a maximum, increasing the volumetric power delivered by the generator, by 50%.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, a theory of steady-state single-frequency second-harmonic generation in a resonator is developed for the case when an active medium and a nonlinear crystal located inside the pump-laser resonator are separated by a beam splitter which deflects the harmonic out of the resonator.
Abstract: A theory of steady-state single-frequency second-harmonic generation in a resonator is developed for the case when an active medium and a nonlinear crystal located inside the pump-laser resonator are separated by a beam splitter which deflects the harmonic out of the resonator. No assumptions are made about the nature of the influence of the harmonic on the the generation of the pump (fundamental-frequency) radiation and the fields in the resonator are defined as superpositions of plane monochromatic waves traveling in opposite directions along the resonator axis. The case of a pump-laser resonator which does not transmit at the fundamental frequency is analyzed in detail. Moreover, a detailed discussion is given of the influence of the absorption in the nonlinear crystal, ratio of the pump and harmonic intensities in the case of their simultaneous generation at the exit from the resonator, influence of feedback at the harmonic frequency (introduced by an additional resonator tuned to the harmonic frequency and coupled optically to the pump-laser resonator), etc. A report is given of an experimental investigation of the dependence of the harmonic intensity on the thickness of the nonlinear crystal and of the influence of a feedback at the harmonic frequency. The experimental results are in good agreement with the theoretical predictions.

Patent
31 Jul 1975
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors developed a shock-proof miniature resonator by constituting the central conductor with two lines of different impedance characteristics and inserting a dielectric block of even thickness and negative temperature coefficient between the central and the external conductor to facilitate the fine tuning of temperature compensation.
Abstract: PURPOSE:Development of a shock-proof miniature resonator by constituting the central conductor with two lines of different impedance characteristics and inserting a dielectric block of even thickness and negative temperature coefficient between the central conductor and the external conductor to facilitate the fine tuning of temperature compensation.

Patent
James E Staats1
05 Mar 1975
TL;DR: In this paper, a magnetron is mounted on an external cavity resonator with coaxial first and second openings in opposite walls of the cavity, which is formed from a closed section of wave guide, two embodiments of which are disclosed.
Abstract: A magnetron adapted for operation with an ungrounded power supply, has mounted thereon and tightly coupled thereto an external cavity resonator having coaxial first and second openings in opposite walls thereof. The magnetron has coaxial output connection members including a hollow outer connection member communicating with the interior of the cavity resonator through the first opening, and an internal connection member extending entirely through and beyond the resonator via the first and second openings. The cavity resonator is galvanically insulated from the magnetron by teflon insulation which provides capacitive coupling therebetween. The cavity is coupled to a load which may be grounded. The cavity resonator is formed from a closed section of wave guide, two embodiments of which are disclosed.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, a numerical study of a composite dielectric resonator of coaxial type is proposed, which consists in finding a simple equivalent structure on which the influence of electrical and geometrical parameters on frequency are well known.
Abstract: A numerical study of a composite dielectric resonator of coaxial type is proposed. It consists in finding a simple equivalent structure on which the influence of electrical and geometrical parameters on frequency are well known. A knowledge of the thermal drifts of these parameters can be used for the design of a temperature-stabilised composite resonator. The validity of the method is tested experimentally.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, the authors proposed to replace part of the liquid in the compliance chamber by compliant tubes, which substantially reduces the size of the resonator and can be used for low-frequency sound sources.
Abstract: Compact low‐frequency sound sources using piezoceramic drivers are feasible if the driver is incorporated into a Helmholtz resonator. The ceramic driver can be in the form of a spherical shell, a stack of rings, or a flexural‐mode disk, but the disk is usually the most advantageous. A liquid‐filled Helmholtz resonator transducer is capable of operation at unlimited depths. When the depth requirement is only moderate, however, it is advantageous to replace part of the liquid in the compliance chamber by compliant tubes; this substantially reduces the size of the resonator. The radiation resistance of these compact transducers is low and is usually considerably exceeded by the internal‐loss resistance of the resonator. For broad‐band applications the internal dissipation is not a significant disadvantage, since the resonance even when damped will give a very worthwhile bass boost to the low end of the transmitting response. For narrow‐band applications, where efficiency is important, careful consideration m...

Patent
10 Jan 1975
TL;DR: In this article, a single crystal of the approximate composition Tl 3 BX 4 having two parallel surfaces normal to a zero temperature coefficient of frequency direction and having an electrode mounted on each surface, where B is vanadium, niobium, or tantalum, and X is sulfur or selenium.
Abstract: A crystal resonator is disclosed of a single crystal of the approximate composition Tl 3 BX 4 having two parallel surfaces normal to a zero temperature coefficient of frequency direction and having an electrode mounted on each surface, where B is vanadium, niobium, or tantalum, and X is sulfur or selenium. A filter is disclosed of a crystal resonator coupled to a capacitor or more than one crystal resonator in series each coupled to a capacitor. A voltage controlled crystal oscillator resonator is disclosed of a crystal resonator in parallel with an inductor and a varactor.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, a servo system is suggested for controlling both the frequency of the laser and tuning of the resonator, the limiting frequency stability is estimated, and causes of displacement of the controlled frequency from the absorption frequency are discussed.
Abstract: Suggests practical methods for stabilizing the frequency of a laser to the center of a weak inverted Lamb dip in a saturable absorber contained between the mirrors of an optical resonator. In one method the resonator forms part of a three-mirror laser cavity, and in two others the resonator is outside the laser. In each case, a servo system is suggested for controlling both the frequency of the laser and the tuning of the resonator, the limiting frequency stability is estimated, and causes of displacement of the controlled frequency from the absorption frequency are discussed. The results are compared with those for an internal cell laser with gas discharge fluctuations, derived using the theory of Greenstein. The practical examples make use of the estimated parameters of the He-20Ne/129I2 combination.

Patent
25 Nov 1975
TL;DR: A radio antenna in which the length of conductor needed is appreciably reduced by the use of a compacted dielectric material as part of the antenna was considered in this article, where various constructions and various dielectrics materials were considered.
Abstract: A radio antenna in which the length of conductor needed is appreciably reduced by the use of a compacted dielectric material as part of the antenna. Various constructions and various dielectric materials are considered.

Patent
20 Nov 1975
TL;DR: In this article, a cavity resonator is used to convert two H-oscillations of the signal to be converted and a signal from a local oscillator at 90 degrees to each other so that a push-pull mixed signal is generated in a diode pair in the resonator.
Abstract: It comprises a cavity resonator in which two H-oscillations of the signal to be converted and a signal from a local oscillator are excited, at 90 deg to each other so that a push-pull mixed signal is generated in a diode pair in the resonator; matching means are provided for both signal input tuning The resonator cavity is cylindrical, and the two signals are applied through its end faces, so that two orthogonal to each other H111 oscillations are excited; the matching means are exchangeably or adjustably inserted into the resonator; a coupling plate with coupling slots for the signals is provided at each end of the cylinder

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, a multilayer resonator was proposed for stable single-mode emission from semiconductor lasers, in which the permittivity along the resonator axis is a piecewise-linear periodic function of the coordinate.
Abstract: A solution is given to the electrodynamic problem of the spectrum and threshold of modes in a multilayer resonator in which the permittivity along the resonator axis is a piecewise-linear periodic function of the coordinate. This resonator is proposed for stable single-mode emission from semiconductor lasers.


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, a study of the Gaussian normal modes in optical resonators with spherical reflectors is presented, based upon the complex rays approximations and the requirement of self-consistency.
Abstract: A study of the Gaussian normal modes in optical resonators with spherical reflectors is presented. The analysis is based upon the complex rays approximations and the requirement of self-consistency. It is found that a Gaussian normal mode exists in a resonator of this type only if the resonator is stable. For such a stable resonator, formulae for the complex beam parameter, variation of the beam diameter along the resonator axis, mode volume inside the resonator, and far-field parameters of the Gaussian normal mode are derived. Some of these formulae have not been previously obtained, while others are in agreement with those available in the literature derived from other methods.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, the impedance of a quartz-crystal AT-plate resonator was shown to be a function of the efficiency of energy trapping in the resonator, and the impedance was derived in terms of the electrode dimensions, plateback and resonance frequency.
Abstract: The impedance of a quartz-crystal AT-plate resonator is shown to be a function of the efficiency of energy trapping in the resonator. Expressions for resonator inductance in terms of the electrode dimensions, plateback and resonance frequency are derived for a common type of resonator design.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: A rimmed optical resonator that consists of a convex mirror that spreads out the mode volume and an annular concave mirror that controls the diffraction loss is found to be superior to a conventional stable resonator for Fresnel numbers larger than unity.
Abstract: A rimmed optical resonator is studied both theoretically and experimentally. It consists of a convex mirror that spreads out the mode volume and an annular concave mirror that controls the diffraction loss. It is found that such a system is definitely superior to a conventional stable resonator for Fresnel numbers larger than unity. It utilizes larger mode volume, yields higher power, and discriminates more against higher order modes. However, our system fails to a certain extent when it is operated at high power. Methods to remove this difficulty are discussed.