Topic
Differential scanning calorimetry
About: Differential scanning calorimetry is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 50315 publications have been published within this topic receiving 1152335 citations. The topic is also known as: DSC.
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01 Jan 1992
TL;DR: In contrast to the slow heating rates employed for other thermal characterization techniques, such as differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), analytical pyrolysis has a high rate of heating to the final temperature in the millisecond range as discussed by the authors.
Abstract: Pyrolysis is the transformation of a nonvolatile compound into a volatile degradation mixture by heat in the absence of oxygen. A rate of heating to the final temperature in the millisecond range is typical for analytical pyrolysis, in contrast to the slow heating rates employed for other thermal characterization techniques, e.g., thermogravimetry (TG) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), that are in the range of minutes or hours. Simple sample preparation (drying and milling), rapid analysis times (from minutes up to 1.5 h) and small sample size (1 to 100µg) are the key features of analytical pyrolysis. Comprehensive books on special applications of pyrolysis are available (Irwin 1982, Meuzelaar et al. 1982, Voorhees 1984, Liebman and Levy 1985, Linskens and Jackson 1986).
173 citations
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TL;DR: In this paper, molecular motion and thermal stability in two series of nanophase-separated polyimide-silica (PI-SiO2) hybrid materials with chemically bound components were studied.
Abstract: Molecular motion and thermal stability in two series of nanophase-separated polyimide–silica (PI–SiO2) hybrid materials with chemically bound components were studied. The hybrids were synthesized from p-aminophenyltrimethoxysilane-terminated poly(amic acid)s as PI precursors and tetramethoxysilane as a silica precursor via a sol–gel process. The hybrids differed in their PI chemical structure and chain length (number-average molecular weight = 5.000, 7.500, or 10.000) and in their SiO2 content, which ranged from 0 to 50 wt %. Differential scanning calorimetry, laser-interferometric creep rate spectroscopy, and thermally stimulated depolarization current techniques were used for studying the dynamics from 100 to 650 K and from 10−3 to 10−2 Hz. Comparative thermogravimetric measurements were also carried out from 300 to 900 K. Silica nano- or submicrodomains that formed affected PI dynamics in two opposite directions. Because of the loosening of the molecular packing of PI chains confined to nanometer-scale spaces between silica constraints, an enhancement of small-scale motion, mostly at temperatures below the β-relaxation region, occurred. However, a partial or total suppression of segmental motion could be observed above the β-relaxation temperature, drastically so for the shortest PI chains at elevated silica contents and within or close to the glass-transition range, because of the covalent anchoring of chain ends to silica domains. Large changes in thermal stability, including a 2.5-fold increase in the apparent activation energy of degradation, were observed in the hybrids studied. A greater than 100 °C rise in long-term thermal stability could be predicted for some hybrids with respect to pure PI. © 2002 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part B: Polym Phys 40: 1056–1069, 2002
173 citations
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TL;DR: In this article, a solid-solid phase change heat storage material was synthesized via the two-step condensation reaction of high molecule weight polyethylene glycol (PEG10000) with pentaerythritol (PE) and 4,4′-diphenylmethane diisocyanate (MDI).
173 citations
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TL;DR: In this article, the effects of galactomannan, a plant polysaccharide widely distributed in nature, on the physicochemical properties of collagen films were studied using infrared spectroscopy, dielectric analysis, thermal analysis, swelling and scanning electron microscopy, with possible applications in biomedical, cosmetic and food industry.
173 citations
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TL;DR: In this paper, the authors investigated the physical properties of poly(l-lactic acid (PLLA) and showed that a decrease in molecular weight increases the magnitude of the enthalpy relaxation at the glass-to-rubber transition.
173 citations