Topic
Differential scanning calorimetry
About: Differential scanning calorimetry is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 50315 publications have been published within this topic receiving 1152335 citations. The topic is also known as: DSC.
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TL;DR: In this article, the morphology and thermal properties of polylactide (PLA)/clay nanocomposites and microcomposites were compared with unfilled PLA, keeping the same thermomechanical history.
Abstract: Polylactide (PLA)/clay nanocomposites loaded with 3 wt % organomodified montmorillonite and PLA/clay microcomposites containing 3 wt % sodium montmorillonite were prepared by melt blending. We investigated the morphology and thermal properties of the nanocomposites and microcomposites and compared them with unfilled PLA, keeping the same thermomechanical history. The influence of the processing temperature on the structural characteristics of the investigated systems was determined. The investigations were performed with differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), X-ray diffraction (XRD), size exclusion chromatography (SEC), and polarized light microscopy (LM). XRD showed that the good affinity between the organomodified clay and the PLA was sufficient to form intercalated structure in the nanocomposite. The microcomposite featured a phase-separated constitution. DSC and LM studies showed that the nature of the filler affected the ordering of the PLA matrix at the molecular and supermolecular levels. According to TGA, the PLA-based nanocomposites exhibited improvement in their thermal stability in air. Reduced flammability, together with char formation, was also observed for nanocomposites, compared to the microcomposites and pure PLA. © 2002 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 86: 1497–1506, 2002
348 citations
TL;DR: Observations of morphological changes indicate that osmotic imbalance occurs when the membrane transition temperature exceeds the growth temperature, and that for transport processes to function properly the hydrocarbon chains must be in a liquid-like state.
Abstract: Both membranes of Mycoplasma laidlawii and water dispersions of protein-free membrane lipids exhibit thermal phase transitions that can be detected by differential scanning calorimetry. The transition temperatures are lowered by increased unsaturation in the fatty acid residues, but in each case they are the same for membranes and lipids. The transitions resemble those observed for synthetic lipids in the lamellar phase in water, which arise from melting of the hydrocarbon chains within the phospholipid bilayers. Such melts are cooperative phenomena and would be greatly perturbed by apolar binding to protein. Thus the identity of membrane and lipid transition temperatures suggests that in the membranes, as in water, the lipids are in the bilayer conformation in which the hydrocarbon chains associate with each other rather than with proteins. Observations of morphological changes indicate that osmotic imbalance occurs when the membrane transition temperature exceeds the growth temperature, and that for transport processes to function properly the hydrocarbon chains must be in a liquid-like state.
348 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, chemical reactions taking place at elevated temperatures in a polymer-bonded lithiated carbon anode were studied by differential scanning calorimetry, and the influences of parameters such as degree of intercalation, number of cycles, specific surface area, and chemical nature of the binder were elucidated.
Abstract: Chemical reactions taking place at elevated temperatures in a polymer-bonded lithiated carbon anode were studied by differential scanning calorimetry. The influences of parameters such as degree of intercalation, number of cycles, specific surface area, and chemical nature of the binder were elucidated. It was clearly established that the first reaction taking place at ca. 120-140 °C was the transformation of the passivation layer products into lithium carbonate, and that lithiated carbon reacted with the molten binder via dehydrofluorination only at T > 300 °C. Both reactions strongly depend on the specific surface area of the electrodes and the degree of lithiation.
347 citations
TL;DR: The prepared hydrogels reinforced with graphene oxide and bentonite could be served as eco-friendly, stable, efficient and reusable adsorbents for anionic dyes in wastewater treatment.
345 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the properties of polypropylene/silver compounds were analyzed using wide-angle X-ray diffractometry (WAXS), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM).
Abstract: Antibacterial activity has become a significant property of textiles used in applications such as medicine, clothing, and household products. In this study, we compounded polypropylene with either micro- or nano-sized silver powders. These polypropylene/silver compounds were prepared by direct melt-compounding using a conventional twin-screw mixer. We analyzed the characteristics of the compounds using wide-angle X-ray diffractometry (WAXS), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The DSC and WAXS results indicated that the crystallinity of the polypropylene component decreased slightly when compared with that of the pure polymer. The SEM micrographs indicated that the silver particles had good dispersibility in the matrix. We measured the mechanical properties of these materials using a universal tensile tester and evaluated the antibacterial activities of these compounds by performing quantitative antibacterial tests using the AATCC-100 test method. From these evaluations of antibacterial activity, we conclude that the compounds incorporating the silver nanoparticles exhibited superior antibacterial activity relative to the samples containing micron-sized particles.
345 citations