Topic
Diffraction efficiency
About: Diffraction efficiency is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 10320 publications have been published within this topic receiving 158298 citations.
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TL;DR: An 800 nm center-wavelength metal/multilayer-dielectric grating (MMDG) with broadband, high diffraction efficiency and high performance as the design with large fabrication tolerances is reported.
Abstract: We report on an 800 nm center-wavelength metal/multilayer-dielectric grating (MMDG) with broadband, high diffraction efficiency. The trapezoidal grating ridge consists of an HfO2 layer sandwiched between two SiO2 films. Combining the advantages of SiO2 and HfO2, the grating ridge reduces the difficulties of grating ridge attainment. For such a configuration, high-performance MMDG can be successfully fabricated using the existing technology. Experimentally we demonstrated a 163 nm bandwidth MMDG with -1st-order diffraction efficiency greater than 90%. The fabricated MMDG achieved high performance as the design with large fabrication tolerances.
51 citations
TL;DR: Silver halide sensitized gelatin (SHSG) holograms are similar to holograms recorded in dichromated gelatin (DCG), the main recording material for holographic optical elements (HOE's), and an optimized processing technique for transmission HOE's recorded in these materials is introduced.
Abstract: Silver halide sensitized gelatin (SHSG) holograms are similar to holograms recorded in dichromated gelatin (DCG), the main recording material for holographic optical elements (HOEs). The drawback of DCG is its low energetic sensitivity and limited spectral response. Silver halide materials can be processed in such a way that the final hologram will have properties like a DCG hologram. Recently this technique has become more interesting since the introduction of new ultra-fine-grain silver halide (AgHal) emulsions. In particular, high spatial-frequency fringes associated with HOEs of the reflection type are difficult to construct when SHSG processing methods are employed. Therefore an optimized processing technique for reflection HOEs recorded in the new AgHal materials is introduced. Diffraction efficiencies over 90% can be obtained repeatably for reflection diffraction gratings. Understanding the importance of a selective hardening process has made it possible to obtain results similar to conventional DCG processing. The main advantage of the SHSG process is that high-sensitivity recording can be performed with laser wavelengths anywhere within the visible spectrum. This simplifies the manufacturing of high-quality, large-format HOEs, also including high-quality display holograms of the reflection type in both monochrome and full color.
51 citations
TL;DR: Three-wave nonlinear interactions in chirped quasi-phase-matched (QPM) gratings are shown to exhibit conversion efficiency approaching 100% with increasing input pump and signal intensities, evading backconversion.
Abstract: Three-wave nonlinear interactions in chirped quasi-phase-matched (QPM) gratings are shown to exhibit conversion efficiency approaching 100% with increasing input pump and signal intensities, evading backconversion, as long as the idler vanishes at the input and the QPM grating is sufficiently chirped. The signal phase is described in terms of Kerr-like self- and cross-phase modulations, in the cascade χ((3)) approximation. Achieving high gain and efficiency simultaneously can lead to a large nonlinear phase, and the resulting trade-off is discussed.
51 citations
TL;DR: In this article, a time-compensated monochromator with toroidal gratings used in conical diffraction is presented, which is shown to be very effective in a broad spectral region, ranging from VUV to soft X-rays, with much higher efficiency than the classical diffraction mounting.
Abstract: The use of a grating monochromator for the selection of one or more high-order laser harmonics produced by a femtosecond pulse interacting with a gas jet may alter the duration of the pulse itself. This is due to the differences in the optical paths of the rays caused by ordinary diffraction when a grating is used. The time stretching can be almost eliminated by using two gratings in time-compensated configurations. Unfortunately, the classical diffraction mounting has low efficiency, overall in the extreme-ultraviolet region. High broadband efficiency can be obtained by using the conical diffraction mounting. A time-compensated monochromator with toroidal gratings used in conical diffraction is here presented. It is shown that the time compensation is very effective in a broad spectral region, ranging from VUV to soft X-rays, with much higher efficiency than the classical diffraction mounting.
51 citations
Patent•
26 Mar 2001
TL;DR: In this paper, a linear light valve array including individually addressable diffractive optical elements, the elements having planes of diffraction substantially perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the array, is presented.
Abstract: A linear light valve array including individually addressable diffractive optical elements, the diffractive optical elements having planes of diffraction substantially perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the array. A method of light modulation, including the steps of: providing a linear light valve array including individually addressable diffractive optical elements, the elements having planes of diffraction substantially perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the array, illuminating the light valve with a light beam, and selectively activating the optical elements.
51 citations