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Diffraction grating

About: Diffraction grating is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 24884 publications have been published within this topic receiving 372437 citations. The topic is also known as: grating.


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Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Numerical results show that a sinusoidal grating is antireflective over wide groove depth, wavelength and incident angle ranges, and a grating with nearly triangular section, having a circle arc index distribution, has a very low reflectivity, >10(-4)%.
Abstract: An interpretation model for low reflectivity in ultrahigh spatial-frequency holographic relief gratings is proposed. The model is based on the concept that the grating effective index, caused by grating ultrahigh spatial frequency, is graded in the depth direction and forms an antireflective constitution similar to the multilayer coating. Numerical results show that a sinusoidal grating is antireflective over wide groove depth, wavelength and incident angle ranges, and a grating with nearly triangular section, having a circle arc index distribution, has a very low reflectivity, >10(-4)%. Reflectivity vs groove depth, obtained experimentally for a holographically recorded photoresist grating, agrees fairly well with the numerical results.

191 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: A simple technique for simultaneously imaging multiple layers within an object field onto a single camera using a binary diffraction grating in which the lines are distorted such that a different level of defocus is associated with each diffraction order.
Abstract: We describe a simple technique for simultaneously imaging multiple layers within an object field onto a single camera. The approach uses a binary diffraction grating in which the lines are distorted such that a different level of defocus is associated with each diffraction order. The design of the gratings is discussed, and their ability to image multiple object planes is validated experimentally. Extension of the technique for spherical-aberration correction is described, and it is shown how the gratings can be used as part of a wave-front-sensing system.

190 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
15 Feb 2012-ACS Nano
TL;DR: An optical microscopy technique aimed at characterizing the heat generation arising from nanostructures, in a comprehensive and quantitative manner, and retrieving the absolute absorption cross section of light-absorbing structures is introduced.
Abstract: We introduce an optical microscopy technique aimed at characterizing the heat generation arising from nanostructures, in a comprehensive and quantitative manner. Namely, the technique permits (i) mapping the temperature distribution around the source of heat, (ii) mapping the heat power density delivered by the source, and (iii) retrieving the absolute absorption cross section of light-absorbing structures. The technique is based on the measure of the thermal-induced refractive index variation of the medium surrounding the source of heat. The measurement is achieved using an association of a regular CCD camera along with a modified Hartmann diffraction grating. Such a simple association makes this technique straightforward to implement on any conventional microscope with its native broadband illumination conditions. We illustrate this technique on gold nanoparticles illuminated at their plasmonic resonance. The spatial resolution of this technique is diffraction limited, and temperature variations weaker ...

190 citations

Patent
29 Sep 1995
TL;DR: In this article, the design and fabrication of dielectric grating structures with high diffraction efficiency used in reflection or transmission is described, and methods for fabricating these gratings without the use of ion etching techniques are described.
Abstract: The design and fabrication of dielectric grating structures with high diffraction efficiency used in reflection or transmission is described. By forming a multilayer structure of alternating index dielectric materials and placing a grating structure on top of the multilayer, a diffraction grating of adjustable efficiency, and variable optical bandwidth can be obtained. Diffraction efficiency into the first order in reflection varying between 1 and 98 percent has been achieved by controlling the design of the multilayer and the depth, shape, and material comprising the grooves of the grating structure. Methods for fabricating these gratings without the use of ion etching techniques are described.

190 citations

Book
01 Jan 1972
TL;DR: In this article, the authors present an overview of optical data processing, including the following: Gradient-Index, Fiber, Integrated Optics, Reflection and Refraction, and Reflection Gratings.
Abstract: Preface. 1. Reflection and Refraction. 2. Thin Lenses. 3. Thick Lenses and Combinations of Lenses. 4. Mirrors. 5. Aberrations. 6. Stops and Pupils. 7. Gradient-Index, Fiber, and Integrated Optics. 8. Lens Design. 9. Optical Systems. 10. Systems Evaluation. 11. Interference. 12. Thin Films. 13. Coherence. 14. Diffraction. 15. Diffraction Gratings. 16. Light Scattering. 17. Polarization of Light. 18. Optical Data Processing. 19. Holography. 20. Light Sources and Detectors. 21. Radiometry/Photometry. 22. Absorption. 23. Lasers. 24. Relativistic Optics. Answers to Odd-Numbered Problems. Index.

190 citations


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Performance
Metrics
No. of papers in the topic in previous years
YearPapers
202394
2022279
2021266
2020426
2019534
2018606