Diffuser (sewage)

About: Diffuser (sewage) is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 6487 publications have been published within this topic receiving 40404 citations.

Membrane separator assembly and method of cleaning the assembly utilizing gas diffuser underneath the assembly

Abstract: A membrane separator assembly for separating solids from water includes opposing enclosure wall structures, a membrane module unit, and a gas diffuser disposed below the membrane module unit. The membrane module unit includes a plurality of membrane modules respectively having at least one separating membrane extending between at least two membrane fixing members. At least one of the membrane fixing members has a main passage which is in fluid communication with a membrane passageway. The membrane passageway is accessible to water via permeation through the separating membranes and is inaccessible to solids which are impermeable relative to the separating membranes. The membrane separator assembly is preferably used with a detergent containing percarbonate, preferably sodium percarbonate. The assembly also includes a gas diffuser with two opposing main pipes and branch pipes extending therebetween to avoid undesired pressure differentials when cleaning the assembly.

Real-time aeration efficiency monitoring in the activated sludge process and methods to reduce energy consumption and operating costs.

Abstract: Aeration is the most energy intensive unit operation in municipal wastewater treatment, and fine-pore diffusers have been widely used to minimize power consumption Unfortunately, fine-pore diffusers suffer from fouling and scaling problems, which cause a rapid decline in aeration performance and significant increase in power consumption Diffusers must be cleaned periodically to reduce energy costs The cleaning frequency of diffusers is site-specific and its effectiveness can be evaluated with oxygen transfer efficiency (OTE) testing Off-gas testing is the best technique for measuring OTE in real-time Fine-pore diffusers have low α factors that are further reduced at high loading rate A time-series of off-gas measurements were conducted to demonstrate the value of real-time OTE data for developing energy-conserving operating strategies The observations confirm the inverse correlation between OTE and airflow rate as well as the economic benefits of diffuser cleaning In addition, mathematic models were applied to simulate the transient oxygen uptake rate (OUR) and show the impact of varying load on OTE and aeration cost, especially when faced with time-of-day power rates Regular diffuser cleaning can reduce average power costs by 18% and various equalization alternatives can reduce power costs by 6 to 16% 1

Diffusion vent for a rechargeable metal-air cell

Abstract: A vent system (10) for exhausting gas generated within a battery case (12) is provided The vent system exhausts gas from the battery case while maintaining the hermetic seal of the case The vent system provides a small gas exit hole (16) that is sufficiently small to prevent electrolyte leakage and also intake of excess carbon dioxide or excess water vapor from the atmosphere Also, various combinations of gas-permeable, hydrophobic membranes (40, 44) and diffuser material (42) may cover the gas exit hole (16) to provide humidity control for the battery while exhausting gases from the battery A recess (36) may be provided within the case such that the gas exit hole communicates between the atmosphere and the recess Also, various combinations of gas-permeable, hydrophobic membranes and diffuser material may cover the recess and gas exit hole to provide humidity control for the battery while exhausting gases from the battery case The present invention also provides a vent system in which gas-permeable, hydrophobic membranes and diffuser material may fill an opening so as to exhaust gas from the case The present invention also provides an electrode lead (33) which extends along the battery case and through the seam (34) of the battery case in a manner in which a hermetic seal is provided around the lead The manufacturing process for the seal around the lead is relatively simple

Battery thermal management system

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a battery thermal management system for maintaining the temperature of a battery pack in a hybrid vehicle below a maximum operating temperature threshold. The system comprises a battery pack having a plurality of electronically linked cells and a supply air diffuser having a pattern of openings therein for diffusing exhausted air at a substantially uniform flow throughout the battery pack. The system further comprises sensors for monitoring the temperature of at least a portion of the cells, a fan comprising an inlet through which air is drawn in and an outlet in communication with at least the supply air diffuser, for exhausting air into the first diffuser to lower the temperature of the battery pack, and an electronic control unit in communication with the sensors and the fan for controlling operation of the fan based on temperature signals received from the sensors to maintain the temperature of the battery pack below a maximum operating temperature.

Wind driven energy generating device

Abstract: A wind-driven energy-generating device comprises a shroud having a throat within which the rotor blades of a turbine are mounted, an intake section upstream of and having an inner face converging towards the throat, and a diffuser section downstream of and having an inner face diverging away from the throat. To prevent premature air separation along the inner surface of the diffuser section, the device includes boundary layer control means comprising a plurality of air channels leading from an external surface of the shroud to the internal surface of its diffuser section for injecting a flow of air of high kinetic energy from the air stream external of the shroud to the boundary layer of the air stream within the diffuser section of the shroud.