Diffuser (sewage)

About: Diffuser (sewage) is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 6487 publications have been published within this topic receiving 40404 citations.

Passenger air bag system for vehicles

Abstract: A passenger air bag system for vehicles includes an air bag housing directly mounted to a cowl cross member, an inflator mounted in the cowl cross member for discharging gas to the air bag housing through diffuser holes formed at the outer circumference of the cowl cross member when a collision of the vehicle occurs, a connector fixed to the inflator at one end thereof for connecting the inflator and an external device, and a cushion accommodated in the air bag housing such that the cushion is expanded to the front of a passenger seated in a passenger seat by means of the gas discharged from the inflator.

Aeration and mixing apparatus

Abstract: An aeration and mixing apparatus for use in a wastewater treatment facility is mounted on a float and includes an axial-flow mixer having a stem that extends through a flow channel in the float, a diffuser cone slidingly mounted on the mixer stem and a diffuser hood fixedly attached to the diffuser cone and located below the float. A diffuser-drive mechanism mounted on the float transfers the diffuser cone and attached diffuser hood between a first, aeration position and a second, anoxic-mixing position. In the first position, the cone is spaced above the channel of the float and the diffuser hood abuts a bottom surface of the float with wastewater being propelled by the mixer upwardly through the hood and flow channel onto the diffuser cone where it is dispersed outwardly in the air above the float. In the second position, the cone is seated on the float in the channel, blocking flow of fluid through the flow channel, and the diffuser hood is spaced from the bottom of the float with the mixer propelling water downwardly through the hood.

Investigation of the Effect of Grain Size, Flow Rate and Diffuser Design on the CAWST Biosand Filter Performance

Abstract: The effects of grain size, hydraulic loading rate, batch residence time and diffuser design on the performance of the CAWST version 10 biosand filter was investigated. Two types of sand gradations were prepared – fine sand (ES = 0.20, UC = 2.3) and a coarse sand (ES = 0.25, UC = 2.9). The fine sand and coarse grains resulted in initial hydraulic loading rates of 0.3 m 3 /m 2 min and 0.75 m 3 /m 2 min, respectively. Flow restrictions were installed on 2 coarse grain filters such that their initial hydraulic loading rates were 0.3 m 3 /m 2 min. For the range of grain size and flow rates investigated in this paper, coarse grain size leads to lower bacterial removal efficiencies compared to the fine grain size. The addition of flow restrictions on filters with coarse grain size did not result in improvement in bacterial removal efficiencies. Two different diffuser designs were also investigated (hole size of 1/8 inch or 3.2 mm and 0.5 inch or 12.7 mm spacing, hole size of 3/16 inch or 9.5 mm and 0.5 inch or 12.7 mm spacing). These filters were compared to the standard design of CAWST version 10 filter, i.e. control filter, which has a hole size of 1/8 inch (3.2 mm) and 1 inch (25.4 mm) spacing. Diffuser design was found to have an effect on the bacterial removal efficiency. The two diffuser investigated (smaller hole size, tighter spacing) resulted in lower bacterial removal efficiencies, compared to the CAWST specified diffuser design. Batch residence time was found to have a significant effect on bacterial removal. The deficiencies caused by diffuser design, coarse grain size were compensated by a higher batch residence time.

Performance of Low Solidity and Conventional Diffuser Systems for Centrifugal Compressors

Abstract: Centrifugal compressors have the widest compressor application area, covering aircraft engines, small stationary gas turbines, process and refinery industries, the refrigeration industry, and turbochargers. Despite the vast literature coverage of diffuser systems for centrifugal compressors, there are not more than twenty publications in the open literature on the family of vaned diffusers known as Low Solidity Vaned Diffuser (LSVD). This is highly surprising, in light of the fact, that practically all process and refrigeration compressors manufacturers, at one time or another, have attempted to design and test LSVD. Therefore with the strong belief that any work on LSVD either theoretical or experimental will be welcomed, this paper presents the performance of two newly designed LSVD.Comparative experimental studies on diffuser systems for centrifugal compressors, performed at the Michigan State University Turbomachinery Lab are presented. A vaneless, a conventional vaned and two low solidity vaned diffusers were tested. The results are compared for the effect of the diffuser systems on the stage performance, the maximum efficiency, and the operating range of the compressor. The effect of the vane number in low solidity vaned diffuser on the performance is also discussed.Copyright © 1996 by ASME