Topic
Diffuser (thermodynamics)
About: Diffuser (thermodynamics) is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 6731 publications have been published within this topic receiving 54738 citations.
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TL;DR: In this paper, the behavior and washing efficiency of a venturi scrubber in self-priming operation was investigated. And the authors showed that the separation efficiency could be improved by a multistage injection of the washing liquid.
Abstract: This study deals with behaviour and washing efficiency of a venturi scrubber in self-priming operation. Usually the washing liquid is injected into the throat by means of a pump, in such a way that the amount of liquid added per cubic metre of gas is adjustable independent from the gas flow rate. In contrast to this kind of design, the venturi scrubber used works via a self-priming operation, i.e. the washing liquid is injected by means of a pressure difference between the inside and outside of the venturi throat as a result of the hydrostatic pressure of the liquid and the static pressure of the flowing gas. As is well known from the literature, the cleaning efficiency of a venturi scrubber improves with the amount of liquid added per volume of gas and with increasing gas velocity in the throat. However, high gas velocities and high charges of washing liquid cause a large pressure drop. Hence, the separation efficiency and energy consumption of the scrubber have to be optimized. It is shown that the separation efficiency could be improved by a multistage injection of the washing liquid. Due to the self-priming operation, the separation efficiency remains at a high level even if the gas velocity decreases, and thus requires no regulation from the outside. Liquid separation after the venturi scrubber is realized by an immersion tube in combination with swirl promotors in the diffuser section of the scrubber which increase the rotation of the gas—liquid flow. Thereby, droplets are pushed aside to the diffuser walls and are deposited.
22 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the effects of external magnetic and electric fields on the position of attached shocks in a supersonic diffuser were studied and it was found that application of external fields near the inlet leading edge is the most efficient.
Abstract: The effects of external magnetic and electric fields on the position of attached shocks in a supersonic diffuser were studied Experiments were conducted at a Mach number at the diffuser inlet of M = 43 The working gas was Xe plasma, formed using a reflected shock tube with an accelerating convergent-divergent nozzle Magnetohydrodynamic experiments with an external transverse electric field in the decelerating and accelerating regimes and experiments with a longitudinal electric field were carried out The interaction of the flow with the external fields in different parts of the diffuser was achieved by circulating current through different segmented electrodes It has been found that application of external fields near the inlet leading edge is the most efficient
22 citations
Patent•
20 Sep 1999
TL;DR: An annular diffuser has its inlet located at the exit of a last row of blades of a gas turbine having initially very slowly increasing cross-sectional area with distance to accommodate the diffusion produced by decaying wakes in the diffuser so as to prevent flow separation from diffuser walls and as a result to foster the diffusion process and to increase the efficiency of the gas turbine as discussed by the authors.
Abstract: An annular diffuser has its inlet located at the exit of a last row of blades of a gas turbine having initially very slowly increasing cross-sectional area with distance to accommodate the diffusion produced by the decaying wakes in the diffuser so as to prevent flow separation from diffuser walls and as a result to foster the diffusion process and to increase the efficiency of the gas turbine. The rate of increase of cross-sectional area, which is much smaller than that appropriate in diffusers having uniform flow at their inlets, allows wakes which form near the trailing edges of the last turbine blades to dissipate while avoiding flow separation. In the diffuser of this invention, at a distance from inlet of one half of diffuser height at inlet, the cross-sectional area increase is smaller than 6.5% of the inlet cross-sectional area. This is equivalent to the corresponding two-dimensional straight-wall diffuser angle of, approximately 3.7 degrees.
22 citations
Patent•
24 Mar 1995
TL;DR: In this paper, a fluid flow measurement assembly is described, which consists of two counter-rotating turbines, a pickoff device or pulse detector being provided for each turbine, and a flow conditioning section comprised of a diffuser and straightening vanes, as well as temperature probes, pressure transducers and a metering assembly.
Abstract: A fluid flow measurement assembly is shown and described. In a preferred embodiment, a flow conditioning section comprised of straightening vanes and a diffuser, as well as temperature probes, pressure transducers, and a metering assembly, are all provided in an integral housing. The assembly is provided with different sized flanges on an inlet orifice and an exit orifice, such that the assembly may be installed in a fluid line in only one direction, thereby preventing incorrect installation. The flow conditioning section is comprised of a diffuser and straightening vanes, and serves to ensure that fluid flowing through the measurement assembly is uniformly scrambled and then normalized, such that the metering assembly will be substantially insensitive to upstream flow disturbances and will provide accurate and repeatable fluid flow measurements. The metering assembly is comprised of two counter-rotating turbines, a pickoff device or pulse detector being provided for each turbine. The assembly is provided with a single connector that is coupled to leads of the temperature probes, pressure transducers and pulse detectors, such that these components may be coupled to a processor external to the housing, simply and accurately. In calibrating the measurement assembly and in calculating the volumetric or mass flow rate of a fluid, a K factor for each turbine at a given frequency is determined and added together, the sum of the K factors being plotted against a sum of the frequencies for the two turbines, normalized by the viscosity of the fluid. The turbines are counter-rotating and are hydraulically coupled, such that a change in angular velocity in the upstream turbine will result in an opposite, or compensating change in the downstream turbine. By combining the K factors and frequencies for the turbines, therefore, flow or wear effects are averaged out, and higher resolution or accuracy is achieved given that a higher frequency is used as a reference point. The effects of the hydraulic coupling combined with tracking a calibrated difference in meter turbine frequency at any given flow rate allows for reliable validation of the gathered data, error detection and post measurement data correction.
22 citations
Patent•
27 May 1970
TL;DR: In this paper, a ducted spike diffuser for reducing forebody drag and rain erosion of blunt bodies operating at supersonic speeds is proposed, where air is ejected at substantially right angles to the freeflow from an annular gap at the rear of the conical front section.
Abstract: A ducted spike diffuser for reducing forebody drag and rain erosion of blunt bodies operating at supersonic speeds. The spike has a directed conical front section to receive high-pressure oncoming air. This air is ejected at substantially right angles to the freeflow from an annular gap at the rear of the conical front section. This not only decreases pressure drag on the conical section but causes the conical bow shock wave-shear layer to occur radially further from the blunt body, resulting in better rain dispersion and decreased erosion of the blunt body.
22 citations