Topic
Dilemma
About: Dilemma is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 16202 publications have been published within this topic receiving 250251 citations. The topic is also known as: Dilemna.
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TL;DR: In this article, the authors investigate an apparent dilemma facing retailers: that architectural interpretations of the ADA do not create the reasonable access that mobility-disabled shoppers actually desire, and propose a Reasonable Access Framework that potentially could assist retailers in developing a code of reasonable access based on their own professional standards.
67 citations
67 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the effects of group size on cooperation in one-shot games were investigated and it was shown that group size does not have a negative effect on the cooperation rate in both the Volunteer's Dilemma and the Assurance game.
Abstract: Situations of collective actions have been modeled as iterated N-person Prisoner's Dilemma games or N-person Chicken games. Although there exists some experimental evidence with regard to the effects of group size in iterated dilemmas, very little attention has been given to one-shot social dilemmas. This article argues that some social dilemmas can be modeled as one-shot games. Furthermore, it discusses and provides experimental evidence on the effects of group size on cooperation in four different one-shot games. The results confirm the hypotheses that there are no group-size effects in the one-shot Prisoner's Dilemma and in the one-shot Chicken game. However, group size does have a negative effect on the cooperation rate in both the Volunteer's Dilemma and in the Assurance game.
67 citations
TL;DR: A small exploratory study in a Yoruba town in Nigeria is used to examine how health promotion interventions intended to prevent or minimize the consequences of accidents have been developed in predominantly Western, industrialized countries.
Abstract: As countries experience the 'epidemiological transition' with a relative decline in infectious diseases, accident rates tend to increase, particularly road traffic accidents. The health promotion interventions intended to prevent or minimize the consequences of accidents have been developed in predominantly Western, industrialized countries. Although some of these solutions have been applied with success to less developed countries, there are also good reasons why such solutions are ineffective when tried in a different context. Health promotion as developed in the West has a particular ideological bias, being framed within a secular, individualist and rationalist culture. Different cosmologies exist outside this culture, often described as 'fatalist' by Western commentators and as obstructing change. Changing these cosmologies or worldviews may not fit with the ethic of paying due respect to the cultural traditions of the 'target groups'. Health promotion is therefore faced with a dilemma. In addition to different worldviews, the different levels of development also mean that solutions formulated in richer countries do not suit poorer countries. This paper uses a small exploratory study in a Yoruba town in Nigeria to examine these points. Interviews with key informants were held in March 1994 in Igbo-Ora and data were extracted from hospital records. Levels of accidents from available records are noted and people's ideas about accident prevention are discussed. Recommendations as to the way forward are then proposed. (A)
67 citations