Topic
Dilemma
About: Dilemma is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 16202 publications have been published within this topic receiving 250251 citations. The topic is also known as: Dilemna.
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TL;DR: The role of trust in promoting cooperation in public goods dilemmas is discussed in this article, where the authors propose some theoretical assumptions which explain that trust reduces people's experiences of fear of exploitation and also relates the concept of trust to perceptions of fairness and collective efficacy.
Abstract: The present article presents a brief theoretical overview about the role of trust in promoting cooperation in public goods dilemmas. Until now, no research has been conducted to explore the different psychological variables which are related to trust and which may help clarify the role of trust in public goods dilemmas. This article proposes some theoretical assumptions which explain that trust reduces people's experiences of fear of exploitation. This article also relates the concept of trust to perceptions of fairness and collective efficacy. Finally, some empirical evidence is presented to test these assumptions. Results show that trust seems, indeed, to have an effect on people's experiences of fear and, even more importantly, the power of trust to reduce fear seems to be strongly related to perceptions of fairness and collective efficacy.
58 citations
58 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, an insurance department is used as an illustrative and representative case, where a manager was a successful soul-of-fire (i.e., champion) during the change process.
Abstract: What may be learned from organizational innovations in a long-term perspective? This article is based on eight studies over a period of 10-20 years. An insurance department is used as an illustrative and representative case. The department manager was a successful soul-of-fire (i.e., champion) during the change process. The continuous defense of the organization's values and culture distanced him from the rest of the company. Legitimacy (especially top management acceptance) is something that has to be continuously regenerated. The soul-of-fire faces two major dilemmas: first, the learning dilemma, i.e., the need to balance the efforts for internal learning and development in the unit with diffusion activities and the creation of external legitimacy; second, the change dilemma, i.e., the need to balance the direction and control of change with support for employee autonomy and influence.
58 citations
Posted Content•
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors investigate framing and coordination effects experimentally in prisoner's dilemma, "crowding" and coordination games, and they simulate a law by imposing a probabilistic penalty on one of the choices.
Abstract: Besides deterring people, laws may affect behavior by changing preferences or beliefs. A law may elicit intrinsic motivation by framing an act as wrong. Alternatively, it may coordinate the behavior of different people by changing their beliefs about what others will do. We investigate framing and coordination effects experimentally in prisoner's dilemma, "crowding" and coordination games. We simulate a law by imposing a probabilistic penalty on one of the choices. In the prisoner's dilemma and the crowding game, announcing the penalty had no effect. In the coordination game, announcing the penalty caused behavior to jump to the Pareto-superior equilibrium. Keywords: Equilibrium selection, framing, expressive law, experiments, coordination, prisoner's dilemma
58 citations
Book•
01 Nov 1994
TL;DR: Cohen as mentioned in this paper argued that structural conditions in Latin American countries did not necessarily preclude the implementation of social and economic reforms within a democratic framework, and argued that what thwarted democratic reforms in Latin America was a classic case of "prisoner's dilemma".
Abstract: Latin American democracies of the 1960s and 1970s, most theories hold, collapsed because they had become incompatible with the structural requirements of capitalist development. In this application of game theory to political phenomena, Cohen argues that structural conditions in Latin American countries did not necessarily preclude the implementation of social and economic reforms within a democratic framework. Focusing on the experiences of Chile and Brazil, Cohen argues that what thwarted democratic reforms in Latin America was a classic case of "prisoner's dilemma". Moderates on the Left and the Right knew the benefits of coming to a mutual agreement of socioeconomic reforms. Yet each feared that, if it co-operated, the other side could gain by colluding with the radicals. Unwilling to take this risk, moderate groups in both countries splintered and joined the extremists. The resulting disorder opened the way for military control. Cohen further argues that, in general, structural explanations of political phenomena are inherantly flawed; they incorrectly assume that beliefs, preferences and actions are caused by social, political and economic structures. One cannot explain political outcomes, Cohen argues, without treating beliefs and preferences as partly independent from structures, and as having a causal force in their own right.
57 citations