Topic
Dilemma
About: Dilemma is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 16202 publications have been published within this topic receiving 250251 citations. The topic is also known as: Dilemna.
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01 Jan 2005
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors discuss the will to believe, the sentiment of rationality, the dilemma of determinism, the moral philosopher and the moral life, the importance of individuals, and what psychical research has accomplished.
Abstract: Preface 1. The will to believe 2. Is life worth living 3. The sentiment of rationality 4. Reflex action and theism 5. The dilemma of determinism 6. The moral philosopher and the moral life 7. Great men and their environment 8. The importance of individuals 9. On some Hegelisms 10. What psychical research has accomplished Index.
787 citations
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TL;DR: The Prisoner's Dilemma game as discussed by the authors is a game where two prisoners, held incommunicado, are charged with the same crime and can be convicted only if either confesses.
Abstract: The term "Prisoner's Dilemma" comes from the original anecdote used to illustrate this game of strategy. Two prisoners, held incommunicado, are charged with the same crime. They can be convicted only if either confesses. If both prisoners confess, their payoff is minus one. If neither confesses, it is plus one. If only one confesses, he is set free for having turned state's evidence and is given a reward of plus two to boot. The prisoner who holds out is convicted on the strength of the other's testimony and is given a more severe sentence than if he had confessed. His payoff is minus two. It is in the interest of each to confess no matter what the other does, but it is in their collective interest to hold out. There is no satisfactory solution to the paradox of this game. Its simplicity is misleading. What seems rational from your own point of view, turns out to be detrimental in the end. This book is an account of many experiments in which Prisoner's Dilemma was played. Analyzing the results, one can learn how people are motivated to trust or distrust their partners, to keep faith or to betray, to be guided by joint or selfish interest. The method represents an important step toward building a bridge between psychology which is based on hard data and reproducible experiments and psychology which is concerned with internal conflict.
772 citations
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771 citations
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TL;DR: In this article, the author views the teacher as dilemma manager, a broker of contradictory interests, who "builds a working identity that is constructively ambiguous." She concludes with an examination of how her view contrasts with prevalent academic images of teachers' work.
Abstract: The author is a scholar of teaching practice and also an elementary mathematics teacher. Her work, like that of her colleagues at the Institute for Research on Teaching, focuses on teaching practice from the point of view of the practitioner. Here, in two case studies, she views the teacher as dilemma manager, a broker of contradictory interests, who "builds a working identity that is constructively ambiguous." To emphasize her conviction that teaching work is deeply personal, the author makes herself the subject of one of these studies. She concludes with an examination of how her view contrasts with prevalent academic images of teachers' work.
726 citations