Direct methanol fuel cell

About: Direct methanol fuel cell is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 4804 publications have been published within this topic receiving 141183 citations. The topic is also known as: DMFC.

The methanol oxidation reaction on platinum alloys with the first row transition metals The case of Pt-Co and -Ni alloy electrocatalysts for DMFCs: A short review

Abstract: In recent years there has been much activity in examining Pt alloys with first row transition metals as catalysts materials for DMFCs In this work, the electrochemical oxidation of methanol on Pt–Co and –Ni alloy electrocatalysts is reviewed The effect of the transition metal on the electrocatalytic activity of Pt–Co and –Ni for the methanol oxidation reaction (MOR) has been investigated both in half-cell and in direct methanol fuel cells Conflicting results regarding the effect of the presence of Co(Ni) on the MOR are examined and the primary importance of the amount of non-precious metal in the catalyst is remarked For low base metal contents, an enhancement of the onset potential for the MOR with increasing Co(Ni) amount in the catalyst is observed, whereas for high contents of the base metal, a drop of the MOR onset potential with increasing Co(Ni) is found As well as the base metal content, an important role on the MOR activity of these catalysts has to be ascribed to the degree of alloying

A Pt−Ru/Graphitic Carbon Nanofiber Nanocomposite Exhibiting High Relative Performance as a Direct-Methanol Fuel Cell Anode Catalyst

Abstract: Multistep deposition and reactive decomposition of a precursor molecule containing one Pt and one Ru atom on herringbone graphitic carbon nanofibers (GCNFs) affords a Pt−Ru/GCNF nanocomposite containing Pt−Ru alloy nanoclusters widely dispersed on the GCNF support. The nanocomposite has a total metal content of 42 wt % with a bulk Pt/Ru atomic ratio of ca. 1:1, and metal alloy nanoclusters having average particle sizes of 6 nm as calculated from XRD peak widths or 7 nm as measured directly from TEM images. XRD and electrochemical analysis of the nanocomposite as-prepared and stored under ambient conditions reveals the presence of small amounts of Ru metal and oxidized metal species. Comparative testing of this nanocomposite and an unsupported Pt−Ru colloid of similar surface area and catalyst particle size as anode catalysts in a working direct-methanol fuel cell (DMFC) reveals a 50% increase in performance for the Pt−Ru/GCNF nanocomposite. More detailed study of the catalytic performance of metal alloy/G...

Physical and Electrochemical Characterizations of Microwave-Assisted Polyol Preparation of Carbon-Supported PtRu Nanoparticles

Abstract: PtRu nanoparticles supported on Vulcan XC-72 carbon and carbon nanotubes were prepared by a microwave-assisted polyol process. The catalysts were characterized by transmission electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). The PtRu nanoparticles, which were uniformly dispersed on carbon, were 2−6 nm in diameter. All PtRu/C catalysts prepared as such displayed the characteristic diffraction peaks of a Pt face-centered cubic structure, excepting that the 2θ values were shifted to slightly higher values. XPS analysis revealed that the catalysts contained mostly Pt(0) and Ru(0), with traces of Pt(II), Pt(IV), and Ru(IV). The electro-oxidation of methanol was studied by cyclic voltammetry, linear sweep voltammetry, and chronoamperometry. It was found that both PtRu/C catalysts had high and more durable electrocatalytic activities for methanol oxidation than a comparative Pt/C catalyst. Preliminary data from a direct methanol fuel cell single stack test cell using the Vulcan...

Effect of Methanol Crossover in a Liquid‐Feed Polymer‐Electrolyte Direct Methanol Fuel Cell

Abstract: The performance of a liquid-feed direct methanol fuel cell employing a proton-exchange membrane electrolyte with Pt-Ru/C as anode and Pt/C as cathode is reported. The fuel cell can deliver a power density of ca. 0.2 $W/cm^2$ at 95°C, sufficient to suggest that the stack construction is well worthwhile.Methanol crossover across the polymer electrolyte at concentrations beyond 2 M methanol affects the performance of the cell which appreciates with increasing operating temperature.