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Direct stiffness method
About: Direct stiffness method is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 2584 publications have been published within this topic receiving 53131 citations.
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TL;DR: In this article, the Biot's consolidation theory of fluid-infiltrated porous materials is used to formulate the problem of 2D and 3D consolidation of multilayered poroelastic materials with anisotropic permeability and compressible fluid and solid constituents under external force.
Abstract: The Biot’s consolidation theory of fluid-infiltrated porous materials is used to formulate the problem of 2D and 3D consolidation of multilayered poroelastic materials with anisotropic permeability and compressible fluid and solid constituents under external force. The Laplace–Fourier transforms technology is adopted to reduce the partial differential equations to ordinary ones in the transformed domain, and an extra Laplace transform is subsequently implemented with respect to the remained variable of depth z to solve the equations. Analytical matrices are then built between the displacements, pore pressure and the stresses, fluid flux for all of the layers. By considering the boundary conditions and continuity between adjacent layers, global stiffness matrix is finally assembled from the analytical matrices in transformed domain. Using the inversion technology of the Laplace–Fourier transforms, actual solutions in the physical domain can be obtained. Finally, a FORTRAN program is made to perform the theory, and a series of numerical examples are carried out to validate and be in-depth insight into 2D and 3D consolidation of multilayered poroelastic materials with anisotropic permeability and compressible fluid and solid constituents. The results exhibit that the characteristic of compressibility of the constituents may have a strong effect on the consolidation process.
15 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the joint dynamic stiffness and loss factors of the elastomeric cylinders are directly measured in a commercial elastomers test machine in shear, compression, and inclined configurations and a coordinate transformation is used to estimate the kinematic non-diagonal stiffness terms.
15 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, a damage-based modeling approach is presented to predict the nonlinear response of reinforced concrete frame members modeled as elastic beams with two end inelastic hinges, where damage is assumed to be concentrated at plastic hinges and is quantified through a physically motivated damage index that is related to the damaged state of the structural component.
15 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, a triangular flat finite element for the analysis of thin shells which undergo large displacements is proposed, based upon the geometrically nonlinear theory of von Karman for thin plates and the total Lagrangian approach.
Abstract: A triangular flat finite element for the analysis of thin shells which undergo large displacements is proposed. It is based upon the geometrically nonlinear theory of von Karman for thin plates and the total Lagrangian approach. It has a total of only twelve degrees of freedom, namely, three translations at each vertex and one rotation at each mid-side. The stiffness matrix and the tangent stiffness matrix are derived explicitly. The element is tested against nonlinear patch test solutions and its performance is evaluated by solving several standard problems. The directional derivatives of the potential energy function required for the stability analysis are also provided.
15 citations
15 citations