Topic
Directive
About: Directive is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 5695 publications have been published within this topic receiving 56084 citations.
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TL;DR: In this article, the authors examine the changing role of the state, through an analysis of the development and implementation of the EU Temporary Agency Work Directive in the UK, and show how, despite a veneer of fairness, the state has developed a regulatory instrument which provides uneven protection for workers, favours the actions of employers, and promotes further flexibility in the use of temporary labour contracts.
Abstract: This article examines the changing role of the state, through an analysis of the development and implementation of the EU Temporary Agency Work Directive in the UK. The article outlines and utilizes the concept of the ‘competition state’ to help frame and comprehend the UK Government’s approach to negotiating and shaping the Directive. Using archival, secondary and primary research, the article shows how the state continues to exercise important choices nationally and internationally which, in turn, have profound implications for the operation of labour markets. The article shows how, despite a veneer of fairness, the state has developed a regulatory instrument which provides uneven protection for workers, favours the actions of employers, promotes further flexibility in the use of temporary labour contracts and, by taking advantage of compromises at the European level, creates further market-making opportunities for well-established large agencies in the sector.
37 citations
01 Jan 2006
36 citations
TL;DR: Results indicate that the two proposed types of advance directives are distinct with regard to the variables predicting each, and only two variables (African American ethnicity and less time in the facility) were associated with a reduced likelihood of having either type of directive.
Abstract: This study was conducted to determine whether two types of advance directives exist for individuals residing in long-term care facilities. Findings were based on data from the Medical Expenditure Panel Study-Nursing Home Component (MEPS-NHC), a survey using a two-stage stratified probability sample of nursing homes and residents to produce valid national estimates of the nursing home population in the United States. The two types of advance directives included basic, i.e., living will or do-not-resuscitate (DNR) order, and progressive (do-not-hospitalize order or orders restricting feeding, medication, or other treatment). Approximately 59 percent of long-term care residents had a basic advance directive, 9 percent have a progressive directive, and 60 percent have some type of directive. Logistic regression results indicate that the factors associated with the likelihood of each type of directive differ considerably, and only two variables (African American ethnicity and less time in the facility) were associated with a reduced likelihood of having either type of directive. Our results indicate that the two proposed types of advance directives are distinct with regard to the variables predicting each.
36 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the authors analyzed the efforts of transnational party groups in controlling the legislative decision-making process inside the European Parliament and found that party group voting loyalty and preference proximity to the party might have been a decisive factor in the nomination of the rapporteur for the services directive.
Abstract: This case study analyses the efforts of the transnational party groups in controlling the legislative decision-making process inside the European Parliament. The case study focuses on one of the most important and contested pieces of European legislation: the services directive. The study addresses the choice of the rapporteurship for the legislative proposal through comparing the trade-offs between policy preferences, party loyalty and expertise in the nomination process. Further, the study analyses the party group internal conflict patterns, which emerged in the first reading of the proposal. The results show that party group voting loyalty and preference proximity to the party might have been a decisive factor in the nomination of the rapporteur for the services directive. The two largest party groups were also able to secure a compromise solution, which determined the final outcome of the intra-institutional decision-making process.
36 citations
TL;DR: Despite increasing advance directive completion as patients move from community to nursing homes to hospice, advance directives are often insufficiently detailed and current for health care professionals to be confident they are acting in accordance with what patients would choose for themselves.
Abstract: This article reviews the literature on advance directives among U.S. older adults published from 2008 through 2013, with a focus on advance directive prevalence, implications of advance directives on patient care, and impact of interventions to increase advance directive completion. Advance directive completion varies by demographic characteristics and is affected by patient attitudes toward advance directives and end-of-life care. Patients with advance directives are less likely to receive feeding tubes, experience burdensome transitions between nursing homes and hospitals, and die in the hospital. Advance directive completion increases when health care providers ask culturally sensitive questions and educate patients about advance directives, but better documentation and communication of advance directives are needed to ensure adherence to these measures. Despite increasing advance directive completion as patients move from community to nursing homes to hospice, advance directives are often insufficiently detailed and current for health care professionals to be confident they are acting in accordance with what patients would choose for themselves.
36 citations