Disadvantaged

About: Disadvantaged is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 17050 publications have been published within this topic receiving 337157 citations. The topic is also known as: disadvantaged person.

Effectiveness of the Incredible Years Parenting Program for Families with Socioeconomically Disadvantaged and Ethnic Minority Backgrounds

Abstract: Families with socioeconomically disadvantaged and ethnic minority backgrounds are often hard to reach for the prevention and treatment of disruptive child behavior problems. We examined whether the Incredible Years parenting intervention can successfully reach and benefit families with socioeconomic disadvantaged and ethnic minority backgrounds in the Netherlands. One hundred fifty-four families from a wide range of socioeconomic and ethnic backgrounds were recruited in an outpatient clinic for child and adolescent psychiatry and in elementary schools serving deprived neighborhoods. Families were randomly assigned to the BASIC Incredible Years parenting intervention or a waiting list control condition. Children were 3-8 years old (M = 5.59, SD = 1.35; 62% boys, 66% ethnic minorities) and 65% of the children met Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (4th ed., text rev.) criteria for oppositional defiant disorder, conduct disorder, and/or attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder. Incredible Years reduced parent-reported disruptive child behavior and teacher-reported hyperactive and inattentive child behavior and increased parent-reported use of praise and incentives and reduced harsh and inconsistent discipline. Incredible Years did not affect parent-reported hyperactive and inattentive child behavior; teacher-reported child conduct problems; and parent-reported use of appropriate discipline techniques, clear expectations, physical punishment, and parenting stress. Of importance, the effectiveness of Incredible Years did not differ across families with different socioeconomic and ethnic backgrounds. Effects were maintained at 3-month follow-up. This study shows that socioeconomically disadvantaged and ethnic minority families in disadvantaged neighborhoods can be engaged in and benefit from parenting interventions to reduce disruptive child behavior.

Young people and territoriality in British cities

Abstract: An exploration of territorial behaviour among young people in disadvantaged areas of British cities. Territoriality among young people has been identified in some previous studies as a source of social exclusion and disadvantage and as one of the roots of gang behaviour. It has also begun to be recognised by policy-makers working to improve young people’s life chances and to promote safer communities. This research focuses on understanding territoriality in its own right and examines: what territoriality is, how it is experienced by young people and who is involved; the origins of territoriality in disadvantaged places the impacts of territoriality on young people’s lives; the range of projects which aim to deter or counteract territorial behaviour; the public policy implications of recognising territoriality as an important social force in disadvantaged places.

Reform Litigation on Trial

Abstract: Legal scholars in recent decades have devoted considerable attention to analysis regarding the utility of litigation as a resource for social reform in the United States. By and large, the tenor of this scholarship has changed in response to shifts in broader political currents. From the late 1950s to the mid-1970s, many studies by liberal-minded intellectuals celebrated the increasing responsiveness of courts to disadvantaged minority groups and progressive causes within society. That optimism gave way during the mid-1970s and early 1980s to more critical perspectives reflecting disillusionment with litigation as a tool for advancing social transformation. Stuart Scheingold's innovative book The Politics of Rights (1974)1 developed a general framework of analysis that both typified and informed much of this more critical work. In his view, optimistic assessments of judicial action on behalf of long disadvantaged and disenfranchised groups often reflect a naive faith in what he calls the "myth of rights"-that is, the myth that all victims are assured of their day in court and that judicially affirmed rights are self-implementing forces of social change removed from the constraints of political power. Studies over the next decade further explored and demonstrated many of the ideological, organizational, and financial limitations on reform litigation Scheingold identified.