Disadvantaged

About: Disadvantaged is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 17050 publications have been published within this topic receiving 337157 citations. The topic is also known as: disadvantaged person.

Attitudes About the Police and Neighborhood Safety in Disadvantaged Neighborhoods The Influence of Criminal Victimization and Perceptions of a Drug Problem

Abstract: Building on past research, this study focuses on how the experience of victimization and being approached by a drug dealer relate to individuals' perceptions about neighborhood safety and in turn affect perceptions of the police. Ordinal logistic regression analyses are conducted on data from a sample of residents in socially and economically disadvantaged, high-crime neighborhoods. Findings suggest that victimization leads to perceptions that one is not safe, but being approached by a drug dealer has an even stronger effect. Being approached by a drug dealer and perceptions of being unsafe are the strongest factors affecting negative attitudes toward the police. Implications are provided.

Three dimensions of equity of access to higher education

Abstract: Concerns over equity of access to higher education are widespread, but there is significant disagreement over what should constitute a fair system. This article assesses diverse conceptualisations of equity and explores the ways in which they embody themselves in the policies of three systems, those of England, Brazil and Kenya. While showing significant disparities of income level and enrolment ratio, all three have made concerted efforts to expand higher education access, accompanied by increasing stratification in terms of the quality and prestige of institutions. Analysis of policy options and outcomes leads to a proposal of three principles for understanding equity of access: availability, accessibility and horizontality. The third of these principles addresses the little-acknowledged safeguard that disadvantaged students should not be confined to lower-quality institutions, while at the same time allowing for diversity of ethos and disciplinary focus.

Mental health of looked after children

Abstract: Looked after children are disadvantaged with regard to their mental and physical health and education. Research is limited on this population, but dramatic findings prompted the Government to produce a number of guidance and policy documents over the past 5 years. This paper discusses the available research and highlights the problems that looked after children face. The new policy initiatives are listed, along with a number of obstacles to be overcome if the care of these young people is to be improved.

The contented female worker: Still a paradox?

Abstract: The paradox of the contented female worker refers to the fact that women are generally disadvantaged (fewer material rewards) in the workplace relative to men, but are just as satisfied with their jobs as men. We review various arguments offered to explain the paradox with special attention given to justice-based explanations. Data collected from 30 countries as part of the 2005 ISSP are examined and show that the paradox is essentially a universal, worldwide phenomenon.