Topic
Discourse analysis
About: Discourse analysis is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 16055 publications have been published within this topic receiving 515384 citations. The topic is also known as: DA & discourse studies.
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TL;DR: This article analyzed student talk in working groups during four laboratory investigations to understand the process by which students solve scientific problems, the difficulties students encounter in developing the requisite pieces of scientific arguments while negotiating their social roles, and the ways these roles shape task engagement and the development and articulation of the arguments themselves.
Abstract: This study analyzed student talk in working groups during four laboratory investigations. Its purpose was to understand the process by which students solve scientific problems, the difficulties students encounter in developing the requisite pieces of scientific arguments while negotiating their social roles, and the ways these roles shape task engagement and the development and articulation of the arguments themselves. The discourse of 6 groups of four students each was audiotaped and 2 groups were videotaped during the planning, execution, and interpretation of student-designed experiments in a 10th-grade interdisciplinary science class. Goals of student engagement, knowledge building within an intellectual framework, and construction of scientific arguments were used to examine conceptual difficulties and social interactions. Within-group comparisons across labs and across-group comparisons within labs were made. It was determined that: (a) students became much better at using the scientific method to construct convincing arguments, and (b) specific social roles and leadership styles developed within groups that greatly influenced the ease with which students developed scientific understanding. The results demonstrate not only that knowledge building involves the construction of scientifically appropriate arguments, but that the extent to which this knowledge building takes place depends on students learning to use tools of the scientific community: their expectations about the intellectual nature of the tasks and their role in carrying these tasks out: and the access they have to the appropriate social context in which to practice developing skills. © 1996 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
190 citations
TL;DR: The authors explored the possibilities for the study of divergent aspects of discursive practices by focusing on the notion of voice and considered the implications for L2 writing research and instruction. But they also argued that the practice of constructing voice is not entirely foreign to so-called collectivist cultures, and presented evidence of voice in Japanese electronic discourse.
190 citations
01 Aug 1987-International Journal of Human-computer Studies \/ International Journal of Man-machine Studies
TL;DR: The use of discourse analysis and observation to acquire knowledge about expert problem solving in an information provision environment and an intelligent document retrieval system based on a distributed expert, blackboard architecture are described.
Abstract: This paper is concerned with the use of discourse analysis and observation to elicit expert knowledge. In particular, we describe the use of these techniques to acquire knowledge about expert problem solving in an information provision environment. Our method of analysis has been to make audio-recordings of real-life information interactions between users (the clients) and human intermediaries (the experts) in document retrieval situations. These tapes have then been transcribed and analysed utterance-by-utterance in the following ways: assigning utterances to one of the prespecified functional categories; identifying the specific purposes of each utterance; determining the knowledge required to perform each utterance; grouping utterances into functional and focus-based sequences. The long-term goal of the project is to develop an intelligent document retrieval system based on a distributed expert, blackboard architecture.
190 citations
TL;DR: This article investigated the role of repetition in the discourse of students of Spanish as a second language working on a writing assignment in collaborative dyads and found that repetition was important for Spanish learners.
Abstract: This study investigates the role of repetition in the discourse of students of Spanish as a second language working on a writing assignment in collaborative dyads. Data were taken from audio tapes ...
189 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, a critique of politeness theories is presented, which aims to show the shortcomings and defects of the different theoretical foundations and pragmatic models, such as Brown and Levinsons' theory, Leech's model is limited to some speech acts, and his model is not clear whether to cover culture-specific and cross-cultural aspects of communication.
Abstract: This paper presents a critique of politeness theories. As such, it aims to show the shortcomings and defects of the different theoretical foundations and pragmatic models of politeness. This work is hopefully supposed to be significant for the specialists and analysts in the field of pragmatics, discourse analysis, sociolinguistics and conversational analysis, ethnomethodology and communication studies. On the basis of the results of the criticism, it has been concluded that politeness theories suffer from different shortcomings and problems that lessen their efficiency in the successful analysis of interactive communication. Universalism, for instance, is not well-defined by Brown and Levinsons’ theory. Leech’s model is limited to some speech acts. Besides, his model is not clear whether to cover culture-specific as well as cross-cultural aspects of communication.
188 citations