Topic
Disproportionation
About: Disproportionation is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 6423 publications have been published within this topic receiving 125210 citations. The topic is also known as: dismutation & redox disproportionation.
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TL;DR: In this article, data were presented for para-selective and nonselective formation of xylenes from alkylation of toluene with methanol and disproportionation over ZSM-5 class zeolite catalysts.
381 citations
TL;DR: The detailed chemical mechanisms by which quinoid compounds exert cytotoxic, mutagenic and carcinogenic effects are considered individually in relation to redox cycling, alterations of thiol balance and Ca++ homeostasis, and covalent binding.
368 citations
TL;DR: In this article, superfine Fe 2 O 3 nanoparticles were evaluated both as a catalyst and as an oxidant for carbon monoxide oxidation, and it was found that the nanoparticles are much more effective as carbon dioxide catalysts than the non-nano oxide powder.
Abstract: NANOCAT ® Superfine Fe 2 O 3 nanoparticles were evaluated both as a catalyst and as an oxidant for carbon monoxide oxidation. It was found that the nanoparticles are much more effective as carbon monoxide catalysts than the non-nano oxide powder. For the Fe 2 O 3 nanoparticles, the reaction order is first-order with respect to the partial pressure of carbon monoxide, and zero-order with respect to the partial pressure of oxygen. The apparent activation energy was 14.5 kcal mol −1 and the normalized reaction rate was 19 s −1 m −2 at 300 °C. In the absence of oxygen, Fe 2 O 3 nanoparticles oxidize carbon monoxide directly as an oxidant. The resulting reduced forms of Fe 2 O 3 also catalyze a disproportionation reaction for a considerable amount of carbon monoxide. The significant amount of carbon monoxide it can remove through the catalytic oxidation, direct oxidation, and the disproportionation reaction make it a very promising material in certain special applications, such as removing the carbon monoxide from a burning cigarette, where the potential toxicity of other, more conventional catalysts would be undesirable. The higher activity of Fe 2 O 3 nanoparticles over non-nano Fe 2 O 3 powders was attributed to a small particle size (3 nm), the presence of an hydroxylated phase of iron oxide (FeOOH), as revealed by both high resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM) and a comparable study of FeOOH (goethite) powder.
364 citations
348 citations
TL;DR: In this article, a CO2 reforming of CH4 over reduced NiO/alkaline earth metal oxide catalysts was investigated, and a CO yield of 95% was obtained from a stoichiometric feed mixture of CH 4 and CO 2, at high GHSV (60 000 cm3 g−1 h−1), over a reduced NiOMgO with a weight ratio of 0.2.
Abstract: The CO2 reforming of CH4 over reduced NiO/alkaline earth metal oxide catalysts was investigated. A CO yield of 95% was obtained from a stoichiometric feed mixture of CH4 and CO2, at high GHSV (60 000 cm3 g−1 h−1), over a reduced NiOMgO with a weight ratio of 0.2. In addition, the catalyst had excellent stability, since the CO yield remained unchanged during 120h. Compared to the reduced NiOMgO catalyst, the reduced NiOCaO,NiO SrO NiO BaO catalysts had low CO yields and very low stabilities. The TPD of CO over the reduced NiOMgO catalyst indicated a lower decomposition of CO to CO2 than over the other catalysts investigated, hence that MgO inhibits the disproportionation reaction 2CO → C + CO2 over Ni. The behavior of the reduced NiOMgO catalyst is probably due to the formation of a NiOMgO solution, as a result of the similar crystalline structures of NiO and MgO.
346 citations