Showing papers on "Doctrine published in 2012"

Arming without Aiming: India's Military Modernization

Abstract: India's growing affluence has led experts to predict a major rearmament effort. The second-most populous nation in the world is beginning to wield the economic power expected of such a behemoth. Its border with Pakistan is a tinderbox, the subcontinent remains vulnerable to religious extremism, and a military rivalry between India and China could erupt in the future. India has long had the motivation for modernizing its military uit now has the resources as well. What should we expect to see in the future, and what will be the likely ramifications? In Arming without Aiming , Stephen Cohen and Sunil Dasgupta answer those crucial questions. India's armed forces want new weapons worth more than $100 billion. But most of these weapons must come from foreign suppliers due to the failures of India's indigenous research and development. Weapons suppliers from other nations are queuing up in New Delhi. A long relationship between India and Russian manufacturers goes back to the cold war. More recently, India and Israel have developed strong military trade ties. Now, a new military relationship with the United States has generated the greatest hope for military transformation in India. Against this backdrop of new affluence and newfound access to foreign military technology, Cohen and Dasgupta investigate India's military modernization to find haphazard military change that lacks political direction, suffers from balkanization of military organization and doctrine, remains limited by narrow prospective planning, and is driven by the pursuit of technology free from military-strategic objectives. The character of military change in India, especially the dysfunction in the political-military establishment with regard to procurement, is ultimately the result of a historical doctrine of strategic restraint in place since Nehru. In that context, its approach of arming without strategic purpose remains viable as India seeks great-power accommodation of its rise and does not want to look threatening. The danger lies in its modernization efforts precipitating a period of strategic assertion or contributing to misperception of India's intentions by Pakistan and China, its two most immediate rivals.

Christian Views on the Ethics of Tax Evasion

Abstract: One hesitates to make general statements about “Christian” views on anything, given the fact that Christians of various sects have persecuted and even killed each other (not to mention Jews and Muslims) over the centuries because of doctrinal disputes. Nevertheless, I will attempt to make some general statements regarding Christian doctrine on the ethics of tax evasion. The literature on this topic is scant, or at least was scant until recently (McGee 1998 ). Therefore, I will necessarily be limited in my discussion to some Biblical passages, a few recent articles ( Pennock ; Schansberg ; Gronbacher ; Smith and Kimball ; McGee 1994a ) , the views of some Popes, and a doctoral dissertation that was written in the 1940s ( Crowe ).

The Effects of the Great Recession on Central Bank Doctrine and Practice

Abstract: The financial crisis of 2008 and 2009, together with the associated deep recession, was a historic event – historic in the sense that its severity and economic consequences were enormous, but also in the sense that, as the papers at this conference document, the crisis seems certain to have profound and long-lasting effects on our economy, our society, and our politics. More subtle, but of possibly great importance in the long run, will be the effects of the crisis on intellectual frameworks, including the ways in which economists analyze macroeconomic and financial phenomena.

The responsibility to protect after Libya and Syria

Abstract: At the United Nations World Summit in 2005, global political leaders endorsed a new doctrine to govern international political behaviour entitled the 'responsibility to protect'. Pursuant to this doctrine, the nations of the world affirmed that the primary responsibility for the prevention of mass atrocity crimes rests with the sovereign state in which such crimes are anticipated or occurring. If, however, a state fails to exercise that responsibility, the international community may assume a corresponding duty to protect civilian populations from the commission of genocide and crimes against humanity. Only a short time later, in 2011, the international community was confronted with the prospect that large-scale civilian casualties may occur as a consequence of fighting between government and rebel forces in Libya. The UN Security Council, therefore, was confronted with the dilemma of whether to authorise an intervention to avert what seemed likely to be a humanitarian catastrophe. In this case, the UN Security Council sanctioned an intervention by NATO forces in accordance with the new doctrine. Soon after, the Syrian rebellion took hold and civilians began to be killed and injured in their thousands. In that case, however, the Security Council was paralysed. Neither sanctions nor military intervention could be agreed upon. In this article the Libyan and Syrian cases are analysed with a view to determining why the international community's response to the two conflicts has been so different and what these differences tell us about the current standing and practice of the responsibility to protect doctrine.

The Netherlands spatial planning doctrine in disarray in the 21st century

Abstract: The concept of a planning doctrine can be used to analyse spatial planning systems, making reference to the ways in which their performance is influenced by patterns of thought. In the Netherlands the performance of the planning system has been attributed to a strong national consensus on a set of interrelated and enduring notions on spatial configurations and development strategies and how they should be handled: in plain terms, a ‘spatial planning doctrine’. The spatial planning context has changed so much in the past fifteen years that many critics are questioning whether Dutch spatial planning can continue to live up to its internationally acclaimed reputation. We analyse the workings of the planning doctrine and conclude that it is still having an effect on planning practice. However, if it does not evolve more dynamically, it might be wrenched out of joint by the constantly changing planning context. We furthermore reflect on the potential role of a planning doctrine in the analysis of planning systems.

Protecting Young People From Junk Food Advertising: Implications of Psychological Research for First Amendment Law

Abstract: In the United States, one third of children and adolescents are overweight or obese, yet food and beverage companies continue to target them with advertising for products that contribute to this obesity crisis.When government restrictions on such advertising are proposed, the constitutional commercial speech doctrine is often invoked as a barrier to action. We explore incongruities between the legal justifications for the commercial speech doctrine and the psychological research on how food advertising affects young people.A proper interpretation of the First Amendment should leave room for regulations to protect young people from advertising featuring calorie-dense, nutrient-poor foods and beverages.

Cybersecurity: A Pre-history

Abstract: The ‘cyber’ issue is not new, but rather has taken a half-century to develop. Indeed, it was already decades old before the general public and many senior leaders recognized its salience in the mid-1990s. It developed, moreover, along a logical path, which can be depicted as the successive dawning (for American policymakers, officials, and intelligence officers) of four insights, each of which was glimpsed in theory at least shortly before empirical evidence verified that it was indeed a reality to consider in setting policies, standards, and doctrine. Thus the official responses to the emergence of the cyber issue in the late-1990s were shaped by the outcomes of those earlier debates; the options available to policy-makers in the White House, Congress, the Pentagon, and the various agencies were already conditioned and even determined by previous arguments.

When Life Itself is War: On the Urbanization of Military and Security Doctrine.

Abstract: It is now well established that both the 'war on terror' and its offshoots have been conspicuously marked by overwhelmingly urban discourses, materialities and practices. Deliberately transdisciplinary, synthetical and polemical in scope, this article seeks to demonstrate that new ideologies of permanent and boundless war are radically intensifying the militarization of urban life in the contemporary period. The article delineates the ways in which contemporary processes of militarization - which surround what I label the 'new military urbanism'- raise fundamental questions for critical urban scholarship because of the ways in which they work to normalize the permanent targeting of everyday urban sites, circulations and populations. Focusing primarily on US security and military doctrine, culture and technology, this article explores the new military urbanism's five interrelated foundations in detail, namely: the urbanization of military and security doctrine; the links between militarized control technologies and digitized urban life; the cultural performances of militarized media consumption; the emerging urban political economies of the 'security' industries; and the new state spaces of violence. Following the elaboration of each of these themes, the article concludes by identifying ways forward for critical urban research in exposing and confronting the normalization of the new military urbanism.

Show Me the Money! Neoliberalism at Work in Education

Abstract: Neoliberalism is often addressed by commentators and critics as a set of ideas or a doctrine. This article considers neoliberalism as a set of financial practices and exchanges --about money and profit --goes on to suggest that as practitioners, researchers, activists we need to understand and engage with that logic and its mechanisms. Examples are given of the role of money in all aspects of education policy and education reform. The unstated and usually unexamined subtext of neoliberalism is not doctrine but money, particularly and crucially in the form of profit. Of course, states are also about money. Policies cost money, and that money must come from somewhere, and one of the responses of states around the world to the 2008 financial crisis has been to make 'cuts' in public spending and to look for ways of doing policy cheaper -- - marketisation and privatisation are taken to be one way of doing policy cheaper, as well as more effectively. 'The expansion of market relations allows, in theory, a lower level of public spending, and therefore a lower level of taxation' (Connell et al, 2009, p. 332). However, in most education policy research money is rarely mentioned and is overwritten by a focus on ideas and practices. Even when subjected to the arcane mercies of the economics of education, issues of funding are dealt with as abstractions. However, in the interface between education policy and neoliberalism money is everywhere. Policy itself is now bought and sold, it is a commodity and a profit opportunity, and there is a growing global market in policy ideas. Policy work is also increasingly being out-sourced to profit-making organisations, which bring their skills, discourses and sensibilities to the policy table, for an hourly rate or on contract to the state.

I—Jonathan Wolff: The Demands of the Human Right to Health

Abstract: The human right to health has been established in international law since 1976 However, philosophers have often regarded human rights doctrine as a marginal contribution to political philosophy, or have attempted to distinguish ‘human rights proper’ from ‘aspirations’, with the human right to health often considered as falling into the latter category Here the human right to health is defended as an attractive approach to global health, and responses are offered to a series of criticisms concerning its demandingness

Interventions: A Life in War and Peace

Abstract: Over forty years of service to the United Nations - the last ten as Secretary-General - Kofi Annan has been at the centre of the major geopolitical events of our time. As much a memoir as a guide to world order, Interventions provides a unique, behind-the-scenes view of global diplomacy during one of the most tumultuous periods in UN history. With eloquence and immediacy, Annan writes about the highs and lows of his years at the United Nations: from shuttle-diplomacy during crises such as Kosovo, Lebanon and Israel-Palestine to the wrenching battles over the Iraq War to the creation of the landmark Responsibility to Protect doctrine. He is remarkably candid about the organization's failed efforts, particularly in Rwanda, Bosnia and Darfur. Ultimately, Annan shows readers a world where solutions are available, if we have the will and courage to see them through.

Mystery Unveiled: The Crisis of the Trinity in Early Modern England

Abstract: Paul Lim's study presents an erudite analysis of the Trinitarian controversies in 17th-century England. In addition to grappling with the large number of contemporary texts, the book also delves into the patristic texts employed to defend the various positions they set forth. While addressing the expected salvos unleashed by the leading English Socinians Paul Best and John Biddle, as well as the vigorous defences of the doctrine of the Trinity by orthodox defenders, Lim establishes that the matter was not a mere sideshow to the major ecclesiological disputes of mid 17th-century England. Instead, the book demonstrates ? as the title suggests ? that the doctrine of the Trinity represented one front in a broader contest over the issue of mystery in the Christian faith and the extent to which authority over admittedly incomprehensible matters could be demanded by ecclesiastical authorities.

Allowing the Right Margin: The European Court of Human Rights and The National Margin of Appreciation Doctrine: Waiver or Subsidiarity of European Review?

Abstract: The doctrine of the national margin of appreciation is well established in the case law of the European Court of Human Rights. In applying this essentially judge-made doctrine, the Court imposes self-restraint on its power of review, accepting that domestic authorities are best placed to settle a dispute. The areas in which the doctrine has most often been applied will be presented here, looking at various examples from case law. After a brief overview of the doctrine’s origin, the analysis will focus on the situations in which the margin has been allowed or denied. Does it relate merely to factual and domestic-law aspects of a case? What is the scope of the margin of appreciation when it comes to interpreting provisions of the European Convention on Human Rights? What impact does an interference (whether disproportionate or not) with a guaranteed right have on the margin allowed? Is there a second-degree or ‘reverse’ margin of appreciation, whereby discretionary powers can be distributed between executive and judicial authorities at domestic level? Lastly it is noteworthy that Protocol No 14, now ratified by all Council of Europe Member States, enshrines in Article 12—at least to some extent—an obligation to apply a margin of appreciation. One essential question remains: by allowing any margin of a certain width, is the European Court simply waiving its power of review or is it attributing responsibility to the domestic courts in the interest of a healthy subsidiarity?

Medieval philosophy as transcendental thought : from Philip the Chancellor (ca. 1225) to Francisco Suarez

Abstract: Preface ... xix Introduction ... 1 Chapter One The Concept of transcendens in Medieval Thought: What is beyond and what is common ... 13 Chapter Two Conditions, Presuppositions and Sources of a Doctrine of the Transcendentals ... 35 Chapter Three The Beginning of the Doctrine of the Transcendentals (ca. 1225): Philip the Chancellor ... 109 Chapter Four The Doctrine of the Transcendentals in Franciscan Masters ... 135 Chapter Five Albertus Magnus: Different Traditions of thought and the Transcendentals ... 177 Chapter Six Thomas Aquinas: A First Model ... 209 Chapter Seven Henry of Ghent: The onto-theological transformation of the doctrine ... 273 Chapter Eight The German Dominican School: Dietrich of Freiberg and Meister Eckhart ... 315 Chapter Nine Duns Scotus: A Turn in the Doctrine of the Transcendentals ... 371 Chapter Ten Discussions on the Scotist Conception ... 433 Chapter Eleven The Doctrine of the Transcendentals in N Chapter Twelve Neoplatonic Critiques of Transcendental Metaphysics ... 545 Chapter Thirteen The Doctrine of the Transcendentals in Renaissance Philosophy ... 569 Chapter Fourteen The "Metaphysical Disputations" of Francisco Suarez: Between Scholasticism and Modernity ... 587 Chapter Fifteen The Doctrine of the "Supertranscendentals": An Alternative Model? ... 635 Chapter Sixteen Conclusion: The importance of the transcendental way of thought for medieval philosophy ... 657 Bibliography ... 707 Index Nominum ... 741 Index Rerum ... 747

Proportionality: Challenging the critics

Abstract: While the principle of proportionality has been the most important doctrinal tool in constitutional rights law around the world for decades, constitutional theorists have only recently begun to develop theoretical accounts of it. Even more recently, a few scholars have come forward with critiques of the doctrine’s usefulness, in particular with regard to its assumed failure to adequately address the moral issues and the assumed impossibility or impressionistic nature of balancing. This paper examines the arguments of the critics and concludes that they have failed to make a convincing case against proportionality.

Agents of Manifest Destiny: The Lives and Times of the Filibusters

Abstract: During the 1850s the doctrine of Manifest Destiny sanctioned a popular movement in which adventurers sought to enlarge the nation's boundaries by military incursions into Latin American countries. Brown portrays the leaders of the expeditions and describes the filibuster movement as a part of larger affairs--the slavery issue, the Monroe Doctrine, the rivalry for commercial supremacy in the Caribbean, and the assertion by the United States of its claim to national greatness.Originally published in 1980.A UNC Press Enduring Edition -- UNC Press Enduring Editions use the latest in digital technology to make available again books from our distinguished backlist that were previously out of print. These editions are published unaltered from the original, and are presented in affordable paperback formats, bringing readers both historical and cultural value.

Subsidiarity in the Tradition of Catholic Social Doctrine

Abstract: This chapter is an invited contribution to the first English-language comparative study of subsidiarity, M. Evans and A. Zimmerman (eds.), Subsidiarity in Comparative Perspective (forthcoming Springer, 2013). The concept of subsidiarity does work in many and varied legal contexts today, but the concept originated in Catholic social doctrine. The Catholic understanding of subsidiarity (or subsidiary function) is the subject of this chapter. Subsidiarity is often described as a norm calling for the devolution of power or for performing social functions at the lowest possible level. In Catholic social doctrine, it is neither. Subsidiarity is the fixed and immovable ontological principle according to which the common good is to be achieved through a plurality of social forms. Subsidiarity is derivative of social justice, a recognition that societies other than the state constitute unities of order, possessing genuine authority, which which are to be respected and, when necessary, aided. Subsidiarity is not a policy preference for checking power with power. This chapter traces the emergence of the principle of subsidiarity to the neo-Scholastic revival that contributed to the Church's defense against the French Revolution's onslaught aimed at eliminating societies other than the state. The concept of subsidiarity has implications for the present, changing socio-political landscape in the United States as the Church faces a state that is poised to compel the Church to violate the moral law.

The Gendering of Counterinsurgency in Afghanistan

Abstract: In February 2009, a team of women Marines first set out to meet with Afghan women in Farah province to find out what their concerns and needs might be. A number of so-called female engagement teams (FETs), haphazardly drawn together from those few women Marines already in Afghanistan (and generally assigned to other jobs which they continued to carry out), started operating in Afghanistan in subsequent months. The teams were poorly trained but highly motivated and were attached to male units mainly in the southern and eastern provinces that are known to be particularly dangerous. They began conversations with Afghan women wherever possible but were rarely part of any coordinated effort. They were often confronted with problems they had no capability to address and repeatedly failed to deliver on promises made to residents, as their mission was not the primary concern of military commanders. It was not until March 2010 that forty Marine Corps women formally began to train for duty on FETs and subsequently deployed to Helmand province in April 2010. 1The effort to deploy FETs is a recent consequence of the adoption of counterinsurgency (COIN) doctrine in Afghanistan.2 David Petraeus, commander of the ioist Airborne Division in Iraq in 2003-4, resurrected COIN, a traditional mainstay of colonial war fighting, as an appropriate strategy. His success with the populationcentric strategy in Mosul no doubt influenced his subsequent career, including a brief stop to supervise operations of the International Security Assistance Force (ISAF) in Afghanistan 2010-11, as well as the later adoption of COIN, and not just in Iraq.3 The 2006 U.S. Army and Marine Corps Counterinsurgency Field Manual (FM 3-24) outlines the key concepts of COIN doctrine. FM 3-24 repeatedly points out the limits of standard military strategy and seeks to mitigate the often unintended consequences of military force by proposing a broader strategy of development and reconstruction. Unlike pure counterterrorist warfare, the aim of which is to kill as many insurgents as possible, counterinsurgency aims to build confidence and win the hearts and minds of the population, whose support is crucial to the continuation of the insurgency the United States is trying to stop.As Laleh rChalili points out, "This coding of counterinsurgency as the civilianised option which aims at winning the hearts and minds of civilian populations and persuading them to support the counterinsurgents has a particular gendered character."4 Where traditional warfare - and especially tactics often associated with counterterrorism efforts - is coded as hypermasculine, counterinsurgency is presented as the gentler, feminine option. "Since the focus of the counterinsurgency is the transformation oi civilian allegiances and remaking of their social world," a further feminization is underway: "In the binary categorization of war which forms the basis of mainstream discourses about war, civilian (feminine) is the opposite of combatant (masculine)."5In this essay, we argue that looking at the gendering of counterinsurgency in Afghanistan provides insight into the assumptions, strategies, and anxieties about the U.S. involvement in this particular war. We see in the gendering of counterinsurgency, exemplified most strikingly in the deployment of FETs, an attempt to reframe the U.S. military intervention in Afghanistan as a humanitarian, even progressive, mission. Gendering counterinsurgency efforts as a gentler (feminine) option helps to sell the current campaign to a war-weary authence in the United States (and allied countries). It is also a way of marking U.S. civilizational superiority - and the attention lavished upon FETs deployed in Afghanistan is a significant aspect of this gendered narrative.6 Besides exploring how the operational objectives of the deployment of FETs are gendered, we pay particular attention to the signaling function of their deployment directed toward authences in Afghanistan as well as citizens of the United States and its allies. …

Political Constraints on Legal Doctrine: How Hierarchy Shapes the Law

Abstract: When higher court judges attempt to assert control over lower-court decision making, do such hierarchical politics shape legal doctrine? Using a “case-space” model of choice between determinate doctrines (rules) and more flexible doctrines (standards), I argue that the structure of doctrine affects the application of and compliance with doctrine by lower courts, and this in turn affects choice among doctrinal structures. Doctrinal choice, legal complexity, lower court discretion, and the allocation of judicial resources are shown to depend on hierarchical conflict, the transparency of decisions, sensitivity to case facts, judicial expertise, salience of the issue area, and issue complexity. These incentives have counterintuitive effects on lower court discretion and on doctrinal specificity, and they create odd patterns of ideological and doctrinal alignment. Ignoring these incentives undercuts our understandings of lower court compliance, of judicial ideology, and of the effects of collegiality on law. 1

American Sniper: The Autobiography of the Most Lethal Sniper in U.S. Military History

Abstract: Former U.S. Navy SEAL Chris Kyle tells the story of his legendary career, from 1999-2009, during which time he recorded the most confirmed sniper kills (officially a record 155, though the real number is even much higher) in the history of the United States military, any branch, from 1776 to present. Nicknamed The Legend by his fellow SEALS, Kyle's service in Iraq and Afghanistan earned him seven medals for bravery, including two Silver Stars. With the pacing of thriller, "American Sniper" vividly recounts Chief Kyle's experiences at key battles, including the March on Baghdad (beginning of Iraq War), Fallujah, Ramadi, and Sadr City. He was shot in both the helmet and back; he witnessed the death of his two closest friends. After his combat deployments, Kyle became the SEAL's chief sniper instructor, and he literally wrote the book on being a sniper: the Naval Special Warfare Sniper Doctrine, which is the first Navy SEAL sniper manual. Today he is the CEO of an international security and training corporation. "American Sniper" is the story of the accomplishments of a husband and father who went from a Texas rodeo cowboy to his country's most legendary sniper. It describes the challenges of keeping a marriage and family together, and how after four deployments, Kyle ultimately chose to return to his wife and two children. This is also the story of the men of SEAL Team 3 who fought and died as brothers with Kyle. "American Sniper" provides a rare, first-hand glimpse at the elite world of the SEALs and combat snipers who fought in a war where the "Rules of Engagement" only allowed for precise surgical strikes at the heart of a well-trained and well-organized opposition force, which had virtually no "Rules of Engagement".

Cyberspace Is Not a Warfighting Domain

Abstract: Like everyone else who is or has been in a US military uniform, I think of cyber as a domain. It is now enshrined in doctrine: land, sea, air, space, cyber. It trips off the tongue, and frankly I have found the concept liberating when I think about operationalizing this domain. But the other domains are natural, created by God, and this one is the creation of man. Man can actually change this geography, and anything that happens there actually creates a change in someone’s physical space. Are these differences important enough for us to rethink our doctrine?

The Animal Spirit Doctrine and the Origins of Neurophysiology

Abstract: Section 1: The Doctrine Introduced Introduction Chronology Chapter 1: Psyche and soma Chapter 2: Alexandria and Hellenistic psychophysiology Section 2: The Doctrine Established Introduction Chronology Chapter 3: Biblical anima-spirit Chapter 4: The Islamic Ascendancy Chapter 5: Animal spirit in an age of Faith Section 3: The Doctrine Questioned Introduction Chronology Chapter 6: Descartes Chapter 7: Experiment and observation Chapter 8: Theory and argument Section 4: The Doctrine in Retreat Introduction Chronology Chapter 9: Vibrations and subtle fluids Chapter 10: Animal spirit in action Chapter 11: Non-spiritual physiology I: " rather than <"Psychic <" Functions Chapter 12 Non-spiritual physiology II: Irritable fibers Section 5: The Doctrine Discarded Introduction Chronology Chapter 13: The increasingly electrical world Chapter 14: Electric fishes and the path to animal electricity Chapter 15: From Fish to Frogs and nerve Electricity Epilogue Bibliography Index

Nasty not nice: British counter-insurgency doctrine and practice, 1945–1967

Abstract: At the beginning of the twenty-first century the British Ministry of Defence prided itself that it was the Western world's leader in the conduct of counter-insurgency operations. Drawing on the lessons it had learnt during Britain's wars of decolonisation, it believed that it had discovered ways of waging wars among the people that enabled it to use force effectively but with discrimination, distinguishing between the ‘guilty’ few and the ‘innocent’ many. This article will survey these assertions in the light of historical evidence drawn from 10 of those campaigns: Palestine, Malaya, the Suez Canal Zone, Kenya, British Guiana, Cyprus, Oman, Nyasaland, Borneo, and Aden. It will suggest that the real foundation of British counter-insurgency doctrine and practice was not the quest to win ‘hearts and minds’. It was the application of wholesale coercion.

The historical roots of a diffusion process: The three-pillar doctrine and European pension debates (1972–1994):

Abstract: Brought to fame by a 1994 World Bank report, the idea of pension pillarization has become part of the orthodoxy of pension reform. Yet scholars have neglected both the national origins and the pre-...

The spirit of God and the Christian life : a constructive study of Karl Barth’s Pneumatology with special reference to his incomplete doctrine of redemption

Abstract: My study centres on Karl Barth’s pneumatology with special attention to its inseparable relationship with his vision of the Christian life. Many critics say that Barth’s emphasis upon the gracious God revealed in Christ improperly undermined both the role of the Spirit and the importance of human agency. In contrast, my research will demonstrate that it is possible to read Barth as offering a robust Spirit theology, which resulted in rich reflection upon the Christian life. More specifically, my thesis will first examine Barth’s pneumatology within the context of his incomplete doctrine of redemption. I will show that his unique understanding of redemption was largely shaped by his exegesis of Paul’s Spirit theology, in which he developed central pneumatological motifs, including the Spirit’s incorporation of humanity into the intra-divine fellowship, mediation in the form of pneumatic prayer, and the shaping of moral agency. I will, then, examine these redemptive works of the Spirit within a more comprehensive context of his theology, coordinating synchronic and diachronic approaches. In particular, I will read ‘through’ and ‘across’ Barth, tracing underpinning pneumatological themes, with special focus on the three modes of the Spirit’s work in the opera ad extra – the mediation of divine and human logic in revelation, the drawing of creation into God’s self-glorification movement through beauty, and the calling of individuals through community into God’s drama of salvation. In short, unlike criticisms that Barth reduced pneumatology to the subjective possibility of revelation, my study will show that his pneumatology is mainly about our prayerful participation in God, the constitution of human agency and a new vision of the Christian life under the direction of the Spirit.

Pontifical Council for Justice and Peace, Compendium of the Social Doctrine of the Church. Rome: Libreria Editrice Vaticana, 2004.

Abstract: I. SOCIAL DOCTRINE AND THE PERSONALIST PRINCIPLE II. THE HUMAN PERSON AS THE “IMAGO DEI” A. Creatures in the image of God B. The tragedy of sin C. The universality of sin and the universality of salvation III. THE MANY ASPECTS OF THE HUMAN PERSON A. The unity of the person B. Openness to transcendence and uniqueness of the person a. Open to transcendence b. Unique and unrepeatable c. Respect for human dignity C. The freedom of the human person a. The value and limits of freedom b. The bond uniting freedom with truth and the natural law D. The equal dignity of all people E. The social nature of human beings IV. HUMAN RIGHTS A. The value of human rights B. The specification of rights C. Rights and duties D. Rights of peoples and nations E. Filling in the gap between the letter and the spirit

Brains, Buddhas, and Believing: The Problem of Intentionality in Classical Buddhist and Cognitive-Scientific Philosophy of Mind

Abstract: Acknowledgments Introduction 1. Dharmakirti's Proof of Rebirth 2. The Cognitive-Scientific Revolution 3. Responsiveness to Reasons as Such 4. The Apoha Doctrine 5. The Svasamvitti Doctrine 6. Indian Arguments from Practical Reason Concluding Reflections Notes References Index

The Demands of the Human Right to Health

Abstract: The human right to health has been established in international law since 1976. However, philosophers have often regarded human rights doctrine as a marginal contribution to political philosophy, or have attempted to distinguish ‘human rights proper’ from ‘aspirations’, with the human right to health often considered as falling into the latter category. Here the human right to health is defended as an attractive approach to global health, and responses are offered to a series of criticisms concerning its demandingness.

U.S. Military Information Operations in Afghanistan: Effectiveness of Psychological Operations 2001-2010

Abstract: : The U.S. Marine Corps (USMC), which has long recognized the importance of influencing the civilian population in a counterinsurgency (COIN) environment, asked the R AND National Defense Research Institute to evaluate the effectiveness of U.S. military (USMIL) information operations (IO) and psychological operations (PSYOP) in Afghanistan from 2001 to 2010 based on how well messages and themes are tailored to target audiences. This monograph responds to that request. It should be emphasized that this report does not cover the significant changes in IO and PSYOP definitions, doctrine, orga- nization, and implementation in the field that have taken place since 2010. When the text refers to the present, or the current situation, it generally means 2010.

The Doctrine of Resurrection and the Challenge of Traditional Igbo (African) Eschatology

Abstract: The writing of this book is motivated by the pastoral reforms of the second Vatican Council. One of the expectations of the council was the ‘descent’ of the ‘second Pentecost’ for a bigger and better church. One of the fruits of the council was openness; the church became docile to the values found in other religions to the advantage of the development of theology. This means that any theology in the present that takes the pastoral reforms of the council for granted risks the danger of compromising the real growth of the faith. In recognition of the values found in other religions, this book treats one of the topics of religious concern, the issue of eschatology. The author tries to define resurrection which is a Christian article of faith from the Igbo traditional perspective of Ilo-uwa (reincarnation?). In trying to make the clear distinction between the Asian form of reincarnation from Ilo-uwa, this thesis paid greater attention to the internal and external dynamics of the meaning of the concept Ilo-uwa. There are two major reasons for addressing this topic. The very first reason is complimentarity. It is the opinion of the author of this book that there are certain values in African religions that could either enrich or compliment the Christian religious values, for instance, the belief in the living-dead. Secondly, this book suggests for the appropriate definition of some Igbo traditional values including eschatology. The survival of the Igbo Church depends on the understanding of some of these values and the practical way to do this is through evangelization via inculturation.