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Dosage compensation

About: Dosage compensation is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 1920 publications have been published within this topic receiving 124589 citations.


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Book ChapterDOI
TL;DR: The protein Sex-lethal acts as a master regulatory switch, being expressed exclusively in female flies and inducing female-specific patterns of alternative splicing on target genes, which control somatic and germline sexual differentiation, sexual behavior and X chromosome dosage compensation.
Abstract: Posttranscriptional regulation is of fundamental importance for establishing the gene expression programs that determine sexual identity in the fruitfly Drosophila melanogaster. The protein Sex-lethal acts as a master regulatory switch, being expressed exclusively in female flies and inducing female-specific patterns of alternative splicing on target genes. As a consequence, other regulatory factors are expressed in a sex-specific manner, and these factors control somatic and germline sexual differentiation, sexual behavior and X chromosome dosage compensation. Here, we review the molecular mechanisms responsible for splicing regulation in Drosophila sexual determination.

50 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Different magnitudes and foci of conflict offer potential explanations for lineage-specific variation in sex chromosome evolution and answer long-standing questions as to why some sex chromosomes are remarkably stable, whereas others show rapid rates of evolutionary change.
Abstract: Intralocus sexual conflict and intragenomic conflict both affect sex chromosome evolution and can in extreme cases even cause the complete turnover of sex chromosomes Additionally, established sex chromosomes often become the focus of heightened conflict This creates a tangled relationship between sex chromosomes and conflict with respect to cause and effect To further complicate matters, sexual and intragenomic conflict may exacerbate one another and thereby further fuel sex chromosome change Different magnitudes and foci of conflict offer potential explanations for lineage-specific variation in sex chromosome evolution and answer long-standing questions as to why some sex chromosomes are remarkably stable, whereas others show rapid rates of evolutionary change

50 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: It is shown that DCC binding is dynamically specified according to gene activity during development and that the mechanism of DCC spreading is independent of X chromosome DNA sequence, which suggests mechanisms fundamental to chromosome-scale gene regulation.

49 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: A transcriptional map of a region of 140 kb in Xq28, 5' to the L1CAM gene is established and indicates that genes with housekeeping and tissue specific pattern of expression are interspersed in the genome but they are probably found in different 'transcriptional domains'.
Abstract: In this paper, we describe the physical and transcriptional organization of a region of 140 kb in Xq28, 5' to the L1CAM gene. By isolation and mapping of CpG islands to the physical map of the region, isolation of cDNAs, determination of partial nucleotide sequences and study of the pattern of expression and of the orientation of the transcripts identified we have established a transcriptional map of this region. In this map, previously identified genes (L1CAM, V2R, HCF1 and RnBP) have been positioned as well as 3 new genes. All genes in the region are rather small, ranging in size from 2 to 30 kb, and very close to one another. With the exception of the V2R gene, they are housekeeping, have a CpG island at their 5' end and the same orientation of transcription. This kind of organization is consistent with the one previously described for the more distal portion of Xq28, between the Color Vision (CV) and the G6PD genes and indicates that genes with housekeeping and tissue specific pattern of expression are interspersed in the genome but they are probably found in different 'transcriptional domains'. Among the new genes, TE2 demonstrated 40% identity with the protein N-acetyl transferase ARD1 of S. cerevisiae: TE2 may be the human homologue of the S. cerevisiae gene.

49 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The results have been interpreted as evidence in support of the piece-meal mechanism of dosage compensation in Drosophila, operating through hyperactivation in the male.
Abstract: A critical analysis of the puffing activity and transcribing activity patterns of different sites of the X-chromosome of the male and female larval salivary glands of Drosophila hydei has been presented. The results show that within the limitations of the resolving power of the technique and variability inherent in the general chromosomal conditions the puffing activities of the different sites of the X-chromosome are very much alike in the two sexes. Of the 15 puffing sites in the X-chromosome, most of the sites either show good concordance in the two sexes or resemble in their highest class value. Only 4 sites (4CD, 8A, 16C and 20B) show considerable discordance in the activity pattern between male and female. Incorporation of 3H-uridine in the X-chromosome also reveals that there is indeed a reasonable degree of superimposition of the number of silver grains in the X-chromosomal puffs of the two sexes. Whatever disparity that exists between the grain numbers in the two sexes can be explained on the basis of sister-class compensation. These results have been interpreted as evidence in support of the piece-meal mechanism of dosage compensation in Drosophila, operating through hyperactivation in the male.

49 citations


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Performance
Metrics
No. of papers in the topic in previous years
YearPapers
202330
202272
202183
202051
201980
201870