Topic
Dosage compensation
About: Dosage compensation is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 1920 publications have been published within this topic receiving 124589 citations.
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TL;DR: Results suggest epigenetic information established during embryonic X-inactivation is functionally equivalent to the gametic imprint in the extraembryonic lineages of clones.
4 citations
TL;DR: The X-linked geneLSPI-α of Drosophila melanogaster, expressed in the third larval instar, does not exhibit dosage compensation at its normal locus but does compensate when it is relocated to ectopic sites on the X chromosome.
Abstract: The X-linked gene LSP1-alpha of Drosophila melanogaster, expressed in the third larval instar, does not exhibit dosage compensation at its normal locus but does compensate when it is relocated to ectopic sites on the X chromosome. A transcription unit designated L12, which is active in the second larval instar and capable of encoding a putative protein of 28.5 kDa, lies immediately downstream from LSP1-alpha. We have determined that L12 is dosage compensated by measuring the steady-state level of its transcript in male and female larvae. The difference in response of these two adjacent genes should be taken into consideration when models of the mechanism of dosage compensation are formulated.
4 citations
TL;DR: Dosage compensation in Caenorhabditis elegans involves the sex-specific recruitment to the X chromosome of a protein complex, the nature of which suggests that there are mechanistic links between chromosome segregation and global transcriptional regulation.
4 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the authors used global gene expression profiling in male and female papayas to assess gene expression patterns of sex-linked genes on the papaya sex chromosomes, and found that dosage compensation was regulated on a gene-by-gene level rather than whole sexlinked region in papaya.
Abstract: Sex chromosome evolution results in the disparity in gene content between heterogametic sex chromosomes and creates the need for dosage compensation to counteract the effects of gene dose imbalance of sex chromosomes in males and females. It is not known at which stage of sex chromosome evolution dosage compensation would evolve. We used global gene expression profiling in male and female papayas to assess gene expression patterns of sex-linked genes on the papaya sex chromosomes. By analyzing expression ratios of sex-linked genes to autosomal genes and sex-linked genes in males relative to females, our results showed that dosage compensation was regulated on a gene-by-gene level rather than whole sex-linked region in papaya. Seven genes on the papaya X chromosome exhibited dosage compensation. We further compared gene expression ratios in the two evolutionary strata. Y alleles in the older evolutionary stratum showed reduced expression compared to X alleles, while Y alleles in the younger evolutionary stratum showed elevated expression compared to X alleles. Reduced expression of Y alleles in the older evolutionary stratum might be caused by accumulation of deleterious mutations in regulatory regions or transposable element-mediated methylation spreading. Most X-hemizygous genes exhibited either no or very low expression, suggesting that gene silencing might play a role in maintaining transcriptional balance between females and males.
4 citations
TL;DR: The psychosis spectrum is dealing with variation in form and incidence that crosses populations, and a number of imaging studies document that the sex chromosome aneuploidies are associated with consistent deviations in the cerebral torque, the bias from right frontal to left occipital that is characteristic of the human brain.
4 citations