Showing papers on "Drug carrier published in 2011"
TL;DR: The role of the EPR effect in the intratumoral delivery of protein and peptide drugs, macromolecular drugs and drug-loaded long-circulating pharmaceutical nanocarriers is briefly discussed together with some additional opportunities for drug delivery arising from the initial EPReffect-mediated accumulation of drug-containing macromolescular systems in tumors.
1,746 citations
TL;DR: It would be profitable to address a variety of issues and factors that could affect the development of improved targeted drug delivery systems, including nanocarrier, nanovehicle, nanosystem, nanostructure, and other terms used in the literature.
1,603 citations
TL;DR: Potential opportunities for the combination of hyperthermia-based therapy and controlled drug release paradigms--towards successful application in personalized medicine are portrayed.
1,380 citations
TL;DR: This paper will review recent results on GSH-responsive nano-vehicles in particular micelles, nanoparticles, capsules, polymersomes, nanogels, dendritic and macromolecular drug conjugates, and nano-sized nucleic acid complexes for controlled delivery of anti-cancer drugs and nucleic acids.
1,117 citations
TL;DR: This review provides a survey and analysis of the processes determining the release rate, and the various mechanisms of drug release that have been reported in the literature are analyzed in this review.
1,029 citations
TL;DR: A tailor-made dual pH-sensitive polymer-drug conjugate nanoparticulate system has showed enhanced cytotoxicity in drug-resistant cancer stem cells, indicating its great potential for cancer therapy.
Abstract: Efficient delivery of therapeutics into tumor cells to increase the intracellular drug concentration is a major challenge for cancer therapy due to drug resistance and inefficient cellular uptake Herein, we have designed a tailor-made dual pH-sensitive polymer–drug conjugate nanoparticulate system to overcome the challenges The nanoparticle is capable of reversing its surface charge from negative to positive at tumor extracellular pH (∼68) to facilitate cell internalization Subsequently, the significantly increased acidity in subcellular compartments such as the endosome (∼50) further promotes doxorubicin release from the endocytosed drug carriers This dual pH-sensitive nanoparticle has showed enhanced cytotoxicity in drug-resistant cancer stem cells, indicating its great potential for cancer therapy
1,027 citations
TL;DR: Drug-loaded nanoparticles extravasate through the tumour vasculature, delivering their payload into the cells by the enhanced permeability and retention (EPR) effect, thereby increasing their therapeutic effect.
907 citations
TL;DR: Unpublished clinical data on nanoparticle penetration and previously published reports support the hypothesis that nanoparticles >10nm in diameter are unlikely to penetrate through the stratum corneum into viable human skin but will accumulate in the hair follicle openings, especially after massage.
707 citations
TL;DR: In this article, a review of lipid nanoparticles based on solid matrix has been conducted to improve the oral bioavailability of several drugs, especially lipophilic compounds, and the stability of the formulations might increase than other liquid nano-carriers due to the solid matrix.
Abstract: Lipid nanoparticles based on solid matrix have emerged as potential drug carriers to improve gastrointestinal (GI) absorption and oral bioavailability of several drugs, especially lipophilic compounds. These formulations may also be used for sustained drug release. Solid lipid nanoparticle (SLN) and the newer generation lipid nanoparticle, nanostructured lipid carrier (NLC), have been studied for their capability as oral drug carriers. Biodegradable, biocompatible, and physiological lipids are generally used to prepare these nanoparticles. Hence, toxicity problems related with the polymeric nanoparticles can be minimized. Furthermore, stability of the formulations might increase than other liquid nano-carriers due to the solid matrix of these lipid nanoparticles. These nanoparticles can be produced by different formulation techniques. Scaling up of the production process from lab scale to industrial scale can be easily achieved. Reasonably high drug encapsulation efficiency of the nanoparticles was documented. Oral absorption and bioavailability of several drugs were improved after oral administration of the drug-loaded SLNs or NLCs. In this review, pros and cons, different formulation and characterization techniques, drug incorporation models, GI absorption and oral bioavailability enhancement mechanisms, stability and storage condition of the formulations, and recent advances in oral delivery of the lipid nanoparticles based on solid matrix will be discussed.
595 citations
TL;DR: This review focuses on the state-of-the-art of the production of polysaccharide-based aerogels with emphasis on the influence of processing parameters on the resulting end material properties.
594 citations
TL;DR: The methods of preparation of biodegradable NPs, different factors affecting optimal drug encapsulation, factors affecting drug release rates, various surface modifications of nanoparticles to enhance in-vivo circulation, distribution and multimodal functionalities along with the specific applications such as tumor targeting, oral delivery, and delivery of these particles to the central nervous system have been reviewed.
Abstract: Biodegradable nanoparticles (NPs) are gaining increased attention for their ability to serve as a viable carrier for site specific delivery of vaccines, genes, drugs and other biomolecules in the body. They offer enhanced biocompatibility, superior drug/vaccine encapsulation, and convenient release profiles for a number of drugs, vaccines and biomolecules to be used in a variety of applications in the field of medicine. In this manuscript, the methods of preparation of biodegradable NPs, different factors affecting optimal drug encapsulation, factors affecting drug release rates, various surface modifications of nanoparticles to enhance in-vivo circulation, distribution and multimodal functionalities along with the specific applications such as tumor targeting, oral delivery, and delivery of these particles to the central nervous system have been reviewed.
TL;DR: Recent advances in the use of gold nanoparticles in drug and gene delivery systems are reviewed and the topics of surface modification, site-specificity and drugs and gene and Gene delivery are discussed.
TL;DR: The functionalize UCNPs with a polyethylene glycol grafted amphiphilic polymer and conjugating nanoparticles with folic acid, which targets folate receptors over expressed on various types of cancer cells, are demonstrated.
TL;DR: Several major nanonization techniques that seek to overcome limitations for drug solubilization are presented, including drug nanocrystals, nanoemulsions and polymeric micelles.
TL;DR: This paper reviews published research on chitosan nanoparticles, including its preparation methods, characteristics, modification, in vivo metabolic processes, and applications.
Abstract: Chitosan nanoparticles are good drug carriers because of their good biocompatibility and biodegradability, and can be readily modified. As a new drug delivery system, they have attracted increasing attention for their wide applications in, for example, loading protein drugs, gene drugs, and anticancer chemical drugs, and via various routes of administration including oral, nasal, intravenous, and ocular. This paper reviews published research on chitosan nanoparticles, including its preparation methods, characteristics, modification, in vivo metabolic processes, and applications.
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors reported core-shell NPs that were doubly emulsified from an amphiphilic copolymer methoxy poly(ethylene glycol)-poly(lactide-co-glycolide) (mPEG-PLGA).
TL;DR: The advances that are shifting these molecular systems from simple polymeric carriers to smart-complex protein-polymer assemblies, such as nanoreactors or synthetic organelles are illustrated.
Abstract: One strategy in modern medicine is the development of new platforms that combine multifunctional compounds with stable, safe carriers in patient-oriented therapeutic strategies. The simultaneous detection and treatment of pathological events through interactions manipulated at the molecular level offer treatment strategies that can decrease side effects resulting from conventional therapeutic approaches. Several types of nanocarriers have been proposed for biomedical purposes, including inorganic nanoparticles, lipid aggregates, including liposomes, and synthetic polymeric systems, such as vesicles, micelles, or nanotubes.Polymeric vesicles—structures similar to lipid vesicles but created using synthetic block copolymers—represent an excellent candidate for new nanocarriers for medical applications. These structures are more stable than liposomes but retain their low immunogenicity. Significant efforts have been made to improve the size, membrane flexibility, and permeability of polymeric vesicles and to ...
TL;DR: Transferrin-PEG-liposomes improve the safety and efficacy of anti cancer drug by both passive targeting by prolonged circulation and active targeting by transferrin.
TL;DR: Suitable formulations for the most commonly used routes of administration can be identified with milligram quantities of drug substance providing the discovery scientist an alternate avenue for screening and identifying superior leads.
TL;DR: Calcium phosphate nanoparticles as carriers of therapeutic agents that would enable a controlled drug release to treat a given bone infection and at the same be resorbed in the body so as to regenerate hard tissue lost to disease are emphasized as one of the potentially attractive smart materials for the modern medicine.
Abstract: The first part of this review looks at the fundamental properties of hydroxyapatite (HAP), the basic mineral constituent of mammalian hard tissues, including the physicochemical features that govern its formation by precipitation. A special emphasis is placed on the analysis of qualities of different methods of synthesis and of the phase transformations intrinsic to the formation of HAP following precipitation from aqueous solutions. This serves as an introduction to the second part and the main subject of this review, which relates to the discourse regarding the prospects of fabrication of ultrafine, nanosized particles based on calcium phosphate carriers with various therapeutic and/or diagnostic agents coated on and/or encapsulated within the particles. It is said that the particles could be either surface-functionalized with amphiphiles, peptides, proteins, or nucleic acids or injected with therapeutic agents, magnetic ions, or fluorescent molecules. Depending on the additive, they could be subsequently used for a variety of applications, including the controlled delivery and release of therapeutic agents (extracellularly or intracellularly), magnetic resonance imaging and hyperthermia therapy, cell separation, blood detoxification, peptide or oligonucleotide chromatography and ultrasensitive detection of biomolecules, and in vivo and in vitro gene transfection. Calcium phosphate nanoparticles as carriers of therapeutic agents that would enable a controlled drug release to treat a given bone infection and at the same be resorbed in the body so as to regenerate hard tissue lost to disease are emphasized hereby as one of the potentially attractive smart materials for the modern medicine.
TL;DR: The results showed preferential killing of cancer cells compared to normal cells by the curcumin-loaded nanoparticles, which could be a promising candidate in cancer therapy.
TL;DR: The rate of curcumin release and its consequent therapeutic efficacy can be conveniently modulated as a function of the concentration of the MAX8 peptide.
TL;DR: This study demonstrated that the cancer-targeting drug–polymer conjugates dramatically enhanced cellular uptake, proteasome inhibition, and cytotoxicity toward breast carcinoma cells in comparison with nontargeting drug-polymer Conjugates.
Abstract: A novel cell-targeting, pH-sensitive polymeric carrier was employed in this study for delivery of the anticancer drug bortezomib (BTZ) to cancer cells. Our strategy is based on facile conjugation of BTZ to catechol-containing polymeric carriers that are designed to be taken up selectively by cancer cells through cell surface receptor-mediated mechanisms. The polymer used as a building block in this study was poly(ethylene glycol), which was chosen for its ability to reduce nonspecific interactions with proteins and cells. The catechol moiety was exploited for its ability to bind and release borate-containing therapeutics such as BTZ in a pH-dependent manner. In acidic environments, such as in cancer tissue or the subcellular endosome, BTZ dissociates from the polymer-bound catechol groups to liberate the free drug, which inhibits proteasome function. A cancer-cell-targeting ligand, biotin, was presented on the polymer carriers to facilitate targeted entry of drug-loaded polymer carriers into cancer cells. Our study demonstrated that the cancer-targeting drug-polymer conjugates dramatically enhanced cellular uptake, proteasome inhibition, and cytotoxicity toward breast carcinoma cells in comparison with nontargeting drug-polymer conjugates. The pH-sensitive catechol-boronate binding mechanism provides a chemoselective approach for controlling the release of BTZ in targeted cancer cells, establishing a concept that may be applied in the future toward other boronic acid-containing therapeutics to treat a broad range of diseases.
TL;DR: These SPIO nanocarriers demonstrated promising properties for combined targeted anticancer drug delivery and PET/MRI dual-modality imaging of tumors with integrin α(v)β₃ expression.
TL;DR: Fine-tuning the structure of block copolymers enables preparation of polymeric micelles with versatile functions for treatment of many diseases including intractable cancer.
Abstract: This review describes the design of polymeric micelles from block copolymers and their performances as nano-scale drug delivery systems, with emphasis on our recent work. The basic drug delivery system platform developed by our group consists of polymeric micelles comprising a core–shell structure with a versatile drug-loading hydrophobic core and biocompatible hydrophilic shell, and are several tens to one hundred nanometer in size. These characteristics are preferable to bypass both renal clearance and entrapment by the reticuloendothelial system, thus allowing subsequent accumulation within tumor tissues by the enhanced permeability and retention effect. Furthermore, polymeric micelles may be designed for enhanced biological performance by modification of the block copolymers to contain chemistries that can sense a specific biological environment. These “smart” micelles allow for target site-triggered drug release by reversible stabilization of the micelle structure and controlled intracellular trafficking (efficient endosomal release). Smart micelles designed with responsive features have demonstrated the utility in many cases compared to controls lacking such functionality. Additionally, the ability to control the size of polymeric micelles in the range of several tens to hundreds of nanometer significantly affects their longevity in the blood stream and efficiency of tumor tissue accumulation and penetration. In hypovascular tumor tissues, smaller polymeric micelles are more effective for tissue accumulation/penetration, bringing about stronger anti-tumor activity. All together, fine-tuning the structure of block copolymers enables preparation of polymeric micelles with versatile functions for treatment of many diseases including intractable cancer.
TL;DR: The doxorubicin/gelatin–GNS composite exhibited a high toxicity to kill MCF-7 cells and experienced a gelatin-mediated sustained release in vitro, which has the potential advantage of increasing the therapeutic efficacy.
Abstract: A green and facile method for the preparation of gelatin functionalized graphene nanosheets (gelatin–GNS) was reported by using gelatin as a reducing reagent. Meanwhile, the gelatin also played an important role as a functionalized reagent to prevent the aggregation of the graphene nanosheets. The obtained biocompatible gelatin–GNS exhibited excellent stability in water and various physiological fluids including, cellular growth media as well as serum which were critical prerequisites for biomedicine application of graphene. Cellular toxicity test suggested that the gelatin–GNS was nontoxic for MCF-7 cells, even at a high concentration of 200 μg mL−1. Furthermore, the anticancer drug was loaded onto the gelatin–GNS at a high loading capacity via physisorption for cellular imaging and drug delivery. The doxorubicin/gelatin–GNS composite exhibited a high toxicity to kill MCF-7 cells and experienced a gelatin-mediated sustained release in vitro, which has the potential advantage of increasing the therapeutic efficacy. Therefore, the gelatin–GNS could be selected as an ideal drug carrier to be applied in biomedicine studies.
TL;DR: The transporting capabilities of carbon nanotubes combined with appropriate surface modifications and their unique physicochemical properties show great promise to meet the three pre-requisites for target drug delivery systems for cancer therapies.
Abstract: Among all cancer treatment options, chemotherapy continues to play a major role in killing free cancer cells and removing undetectable tumor micro-focuses. Although chemotherapies are successful in some cases, systemic toxicity may develop at the same time due to lack of selectivity of the drugs for cancer tissues and cells, which often leads to the failure of chemotherapies. Obviously, the therapeutic effects will be revolutionarily improved if human can deliver the anticancer drugs with high selectivity to cancer cells or cancer tissues. This selective delivery of the drugs has been called target treatment. To realize target treatment, the first step of the strategies is to build up effective target drug delivery systems. Generally speaking, such a system is often made up of the carriers and drugs, of which the carriers play the roles of target delivery. An ideal carrier for target drug delivery systems should have three pre-requisites for their functions: (1) they themselves have target effects; (2) they have sufficiently strong adsorptive effects for anticancer drugs to ensure they can transport the drugs to the effect-relevant sites; and (3) they can release the drugs from them in the effect-relevant sites, and only in this way can the treatment effects develop. The transporting capabilities of carbon nanotubes combined with appropriate surface modifications and their unique physicochemical properties show great promise to meet the three pre-requisites. Here, we review the progress in the study on the application of carbon nanotubes as target carriers in drug delivery systems for cancer therapies.
TL;DR: Stealth liposomes comprising self-assembled superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles individually stabilized with palmityl-nitroDOPA incorporated in the lipid membrane are demonstrated to be able to control timing and dose of repeatedly released cargo from such vesicles.
Abstract: The ideal nanoscale drug delivery vehicle allows control over the released dose in space and time. We demonstrate that this can be achieved by stealth liposomes comprising self-assembled superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (NPs) individually stabilized with palmityl-nitroDOPA incorporated in the lipid membrane. Alternating magnetic fields were used to control timing and dose of repeatedly released cargo from such vesicles by locally heating the membrane, which changed its permeability without major effects on the environment.
TL;DR: The combination of synergistic NIR photothermally enhanced drug delivery and MRI with the FeCo/GC nanocrystals could lead to a powerful multimodal system for biomedical detection and therapy.
Abstract: FeCo/graphitic carbon shell (FeCo/GC) nanocrystals (∼4-5 nm in diameter) with ultrahigh magnetization are synthesized, functionalized, and developed into multifunctional biocompatible materials We demonstrate the ability of this material to serve as an integrated system for combined drug delivery, near-infrared (NIR) photothermal therapy, and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in vitro We show highly efficient loading of doxorubicin (DOX) by π-stacking on the graphitic shell to afford FeCo/GC-DOX complexes and pH sensitive DOX release from the particles We observe enhanced intracellular drug delivery by FeCo/GC-DOX under 20 min of NIR laser (808 nm) induced hyperthermia to 43 °C, resulting in a significant increase of FeCo/GC-DOX toxicity toward breast cancer cells The synergistic cancer cell killing by FeCo/GC-DOX drug delivery under photothermal heating is due to a ∼two-fold enhancement of cancer cell uptake of FeCo/GC-DOX complex and the increased DOX toxicity under the 43 °C hyperthermic condition The combination of synergistic NIR photothermally enhanced drug delivery and MRI with the FeCo/GC nanocrystals could lead to a powerful multimodal system for biomedical detection and therapy
TL;DR: Temperature-sensitive liposomes co-encapsulating doxorubicin and 250 mM [Gd(HPDO3A)(H₂O)] were evaluated for HIFU-mediated drug delivery under MR image guidance and a good correlation between the ΔR₁, the uptake and the gadolinium concentration in the tumor was found.