Showing papers on "Drug carrier published in 2021"
TL;DR: In this paper, extracellular vesicles (EVs) are used for drug delivery in cell-released biological nanoparticles, which are emerging drug carriers with high complexity.
Abstract: Cell-released biological nanoparticles, that is, extracellular vesicles (EVs), are emerging drug carriers with high complexity. EV-based drug delivery exploits intrinsic mechanisms for molecular transport in the body. Integrating EV biology and manufacturing with clinical insights from synthetic nanoparticles is likely to substantially advance the field of drug delivery.
116 citations
TL;DR: FUFP has unique biological abilities in terms of pH-responsiveness, antitumor efficacy, biocompatibility, and simultaneously release hydrophobic and hydrophilic drug at the tumor site, indicating that this composite is a potential and promising carrier, in which provides a new strategy to co-deliver drugs for MOFs.
98 citations
TL;DR: In this article, hollow porphyrinic metal-organic framework (H-PMOF) nanoparticles with a mesoporous spherical shell have been fabricated via a facile self-sacrificial ZIF-8 nanoparticle template strategy.
Abstract: Hollow nanostructures have attracted significant research interest in drug delivery systems due to their high capacities for drug loading and unique physicochemical properties, showing great potential in specific biomedical applications. Herein, hollow porphyrinic metal-organic framework (H-PMOF) nanoparticles with a mesoporous spherical shell have been fabricated via a facile self-sacrificial ZIF-8 nanoparticle template strategy. The H-PMOF nanoplatform not only demonstrates a greatly enhanced photodynamic therapy efficacy compared with nonhollow porphyrinic MOF nanoparticles but also can be used as a superior drug carrier to co-load doxorubicin (DOX) and indocyanine green (ICG) with an ultrahigh drug-loading capacity of 635%. Furthermore, cancer cell membrane camouflage of the (DOX and ICG)@H-PMOF composite nanoparticles affords a biomimetic nanoplatform, that is, (DOX and ICG)@H-PMOF@mem (DIHPm for short), with an outstanding homologous tumor-targeting and immune-escaping ability. Interestingly, DIHPm shows both pH-controlled and near-infrared laser-triggered DOX release. Both in vitro and in vivo studies of DIHPm demonstrate an excellent imaging-guided synergistic photodynamic/photothermal/chemotherapy anticancer activity with negligible systemic toxicity. The development of the high-performance H-PMOF nanoplatform provides new insights into the design of MOF-based multifunctional nanomedicines for combination cancer therapy and precise theranostics.
87 citations
TL;DR: In this article, a comprehensive review of recent advances in chitosan-based nanoparticles for drug delivery is presented, focusing on a brief summarization of basic characteristics of CS NPs, and a categorization of preparation procedures used for CS-based NPs involving also recent improvements in production schemes of conventional as well as novel CSNPs.
Abstract: Nanoparticles (NPs) have an outstanding position in pharmaceutical, biological, and medical disciplines. Polymeric NPs based on chitosan (CS) can act as excellent drug carriers because of some intrinsic beneficial properties including biocompatibility, biodegradability, non-toxicity, bioactivity, easy preparation, and targeting specificity. Drug transport and release from CS-based particulate systems depend on the extent of cross-linking, morphology, size, and density of the particulate system, as well as physicochemical properties of the drug. All these aspects have to be considered when developing new CS-based NPs as potential drug delivery systems. This comprehensive review is summarizing and discussing recent advances in CS-based NPs being developed and examined for drug delivery. From this point of view, an enhancement of CS properties by its modification is presented. An enhancement in drug delivery by CS NPs is discussed in detail focusing on (i) a brief summarization of basic characteristics of CS NPs, (ii) a categorization of preparation procedures used for CS NPs involving also recent improvements in production schemes of conventional as well as novel CS NPs, (iii) a categorization and evaluation of CS-based-nanocomposites involving their production schemes with organic polymers and inorganic material, and (iv) very recent implementations of CS NPs and nanocomposites in drug delivery.
82 citations
TL;DR: This article mainly introduces the application of pH-sensitive nanogels in cancer treatment, hoping to provide a reference for the development of cancer treatment.
Abstract: As a commonly used treatment method for cancer, chemotherapy is greatly limited by the side effects of chemotherapy drugs and the multiple drug resistance that develops. Nanogels are considered ideal drug carriers due to their high stability, high water content and excellent drug loading capacities. To achieve more precise and intelligent drug delivery in tumor tissues, various environmentally responsive nanogels have been widely developed. Compared to normal tissue, tumor tissue exhibits a lower pH value. Therefore, the pH gradients between the tumor microenvironment and the normal physiological environment can be used to design pH-sensitive nanogels to regulate the delivery and release of antitumor drugs. This article mainly introduces the application of pH-sensitive nanogels in cancer treatment, hoping to provide a reference for the development of cancer treatment.
78 citations
TL;DR: Along with their negligible toxicity and the retention of the activity of the loaded drugs, the complex fibers reported in this study warrant further development and optimization for applications that involve co-delivery of multiple agents.
78 citations
TL;DR: A systematic search was carried out on Web of Science and SCOPUS using different keywords, and 485 records were found as mentioned in this paper, and 88 journal articles were found to be eligible, and hence selected to be reviewed and analyzed.
Abstract: In the determination of the bioavailability of drugs administered orally, the drugs' solubility and permeability play a crucial role. For absorption of drug molecules and production of a pharmacological response, solubility is an important parameter that defines the concentration of the drug in systemic circulation. It is a challenging task to improve the oral bioavailability of drugs that have poor water solubility. Most drug molecules are either poorly soluble or insoluble in aqueous environments. Polymer nanocomposites are combinations of two or more different materials that possess unique characteristics and are fused together with sufficient energy in such a manner that the resultant material will have the best properties of both materials. These polymeric materials (biodegradable and other naturally bioactive polymers) are comprised of nanosized particles in a composition of other materials. A systematic search was carried out on Web of Science and SCOPUS using different keywords, and 485 records were found. After the screening and eligibility process, 88 journal articles were found to be eligible, and hence selected to be reviewed and analyzed. Biocompatible and biodegradable materials have emerged in the manufacture of therapeutic and pharmacologic devices, such as impermanent implantation and 3D scaffolds for tissue regeneration and biomedical applications. Substantial effort has been made in the usage of bio-based polymers for potential pharmacologic and biomedical purposes, including targeted deliveries and drug carriers for regulated drug release. These implementations necessitate unique physicochemical and pharmacokinetic, microbiological, metabolic, and degradation characteristics of the materials in order to provide prolific therapeutic treatments. As a result, a broadly diverse spectrum of natural or artificially synthesized polymers capable of enzymatic hydrolysis, hydrolyzing, or enzyme decomposition are being explored for biomedical purposes. This summary examines the contemporary status of biodegradable naturally and synthetically derived polymers for biomedical fields, such as tissue engineering, regenerative medicine, bioengineering, targeted drug discovery and delivery, implantation, and wound repair and healing. This review presents an insight into a number of the commonly used tissue engineering applications, including drug delivery carrier systems, demonstrated in the recent findings. Due to the inherent remarkable properties of biodegradable and bioactive polymers, such as their antimicrobial, antitumor, anti-inflammatory, and anticancer activities, certain materials have gained significant interest in recent years. These systems are also actively being researched to improve therapeutic activity and mitigate adverse consequences. In this article, we also present the main drug delivery systems reported in the literature and the main methods available to impregnate the polymeric scaffolds with drugs, their properties, and their respective benefits for tissue engineering.
73 citations
TL;DR: The present review sets out to discuss recent developments of the effects and mechanisms of carrier properties on their circulation time, and discusses the mechanism of these properties affecting circulation time.
72 citations
TL;DR: This review aims to provide a comprehensive understanding of PDA, its polymerization mechanisms and the potentials of Pda-based nano-systems in treating various diseases, including cancer, diabetes, inflammation, bacterial infection and Parkinson's disease.
71 citations
TL;DR: The use of nanoparticles as drug carriers has been explored and presents several advantages, such as controlled and targeted release of loaded or coupled drugs, and the improvement of the drug's bioavailability, in addition to others as discussed by the authors.
Abstract: Since the last decade, nanotechnology has evolved rapidly and has been applied in several areas, such as medicine, pharmaceutical, microelectronics, aerospace, food industries, among others. The use of nanoparticles as drug carriers has been explored and presents several advantages, such as controlled and targeted release of loaded or coupled drugs, and the improvement of the drug's bioavailability, in addition to others. However, they also have some limitations, related to their in vivo toxicity, which affects all organs including the healthy ones, and overall improvement in the disease treatment, which can be unnoticeable or minimal. Silver nanoparticles have been increasingly investigated due to their peculiar physical, chemical, and optical properties, which allows them to cover several applications, namely in the transport of drugs to a specific target in the body. Given the limitations of conventional cancer chemotherapy, which include low bioavailability and the consequent use of high doses that cause adverse effects, strategies that overcome these difficulties are extremely important. This review embraces an overview and presentation about silver nanoparticles used as anticancer drug carrier systems and focuses a discussion on the state of the art of silver nanoparticles exploited for transport of anticancer drugs and their influence on antitumor effects.
68 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the potential of mesoporous silica nanoparticles as a pH-responsive drug carrier system for the anticancer immune-stimulant R848 (resiquimod) was demonstrated.
Abstract: Nanoparticle-based delivery systems for cancer immunotherapies aim to improve the safety and efficacy of these treatments through local delivery to specialized antigen-presenting cells (APCs). Multifunctional mesoporous silica nanoparticles (MSNs), with their large surface areas, their tunable particle and pore sizes, and their spatially controlled functionalization, represent a safe and versatile carrier system. In this study, we demonstrate the potential of MSNs as a pH-responsive drug carrier system for the anticancer immune-stimulant R848 (resiquimod), a synthetic Toll-like receptor 7 and 8 agonist. Equipped with a biotin-avidin cap, the tailor-made nanoparticles showed efficient stimuli-responsive release of their R848 cargo in an environmental pH of 5.5 or below. We showed that the MSNs loaded with R848 were rapidly taken up by APCs into the acidic environment of the lysosome and that they potently activated the immune cells. Upon subcutaneous injection into mice, the particles accumulated in migratory dendritic cells (DCs) in the draining lymph nodes, where they strongly enhanced the activation of the DCs. Furthermore, simultaneous delivery of the model antigen OVA and the adjuvant R848 by MSNs resulted in an augmented antigen-specific T-cell response. The MSNs significantly improved the pharmacokinetic profile of R848 in mice, as the half-life of the drug was increased 6-fold, and at the same time, the systemic exposure was reduced. In summary, we demonstrate that MSNs represent a promising tool for targeted delivery of the immune modulator R848 to APCs and hold considerable potential as a carrier for cancer vaccines.
TL;DR: A review of different approaches that have been used for the delivery of hydrophilic drugs using solid lipid nanoparticles (SLNs) is presented in this article, which not only discusses various modifications in the traditional methods for the synthesis but also emphasizes modifications of the drugs itself that can help in their efficient entrapment into SLNs drug carriers.
TL;DR: In this paper, a review summarises recent advances in stimulus-cleavable linkers from various research areas and the corresponding mechanisms of linker cleavage and biological applications, and provides general design guidelines to incorporate stimulus cleavable links into nanocarrier-based drug delivery systems.
Abstract: Stimulus-cleavable nanoscale drug delivery systems are receiving significant attention owing to their capability of achieving exquisite control over drug release via the exposure to specific stimuli. Central to the construction of such systems is the integration of cleavable linkers showing susceptibility to one stimulus or several stimuli with drugs, prodrugs or fluorogenic probes on the one hand, and nanocarriers on the other hand. This review summarises recent advances in stimulus-cleavable linkers from various research areas and the corresponding mechanisms of linker cleavage and biological applications. The feasibility of extending their applications to the majority of nanoscale drug carriers including nanomaterials, polymers and antibodies are further highlighted and discussed. This review also provides general design guidelines to incorporate stimulus-cleavable linkers into nanocarrier-based drug delivery systems, which will hopefully spark new ideas and applications.
TL;DR: In this paper, solid lipid nanoparticles (SLNs) have been used as a putative drug carrier system that can deliver the active therapeutics (drugloaded SLNs) across the BBB at the target site of the brain, offering a novel approach with controlled drug delivery, longer circulation time, target specificity, and higher efficacy, and more importantly, reducing toxicity in a biomimetic way.
Abstract: The blood–brain barrier (BBB) plays a vital role in the protection and maintenance of homeostasis in the brain. In this way, it is an interesting target as an interface for various types of drug delivery, specifically in the context of the treatment of several neuropathological conditions where the therapeutic agents cannot cross the BBB. Drug toxicity and on-target specificity are among some of the limitations associated with current neurotherapeutics. In recent years, advances in nanodrug delivery have enabled the carrier system containing the active therapeutic drug to target the signaling pathways and pathophysiology that are closely linked to central nervous system (CNS) disorders such as Alzheimer’s disease (AD), Parkinson’s disease (PD), Huntington’s disease (HD), multiple sclerosis (MS), brain tumor, epilepsy, ischemic stroke, and neurodegeneration. At present, among the nano formulations, solid lipid nanoparticles (SLNs) have emerged as a putative drug carrier system that can deliver the active therapeutics (drug-loaded SLNs) across the BBB at the target site of the brain, offering a novel approach with controlled drug delivery, longer circulation time, target specificity, and higher efficacy, and more importantly, reducing toxicity in a biomimetic way. This paper highlights the synthesis and application of SLNs as a novel nontoxic formulation strategy to carry CNS drugs across the BBB to improve the use of therapeutics agents in treating major neurological disorders in future clinics.
TL;DR: This review presents an up-to-date account of materials including synthesis, physical and chemical modifications of mucoadhesive materials, nanocarriers, viral mimics used for the construction of mucosal drug delivery systems.
TL;DR: Three mostly reported plant and animal-derived polymers described for the development of TD carrier system were extensively analyzed and the general principle of TD drug delivery, advantages, and limitations of the works reported were discussed.
TL;DR: This work presents an effective method for fabricating macroporous polysaccharide hydrogels composed of dextran (DP) and polydopamine (PDA) for controlled release of antibiotics and believes that the proposed strategy for facilitation and optimization of poly Saccharide Hydrogels could offer more hydrogel dressings when choosing suitable carriers for sustained release ofiotics.
TL;DR: In this article, the authors designed M2-type primary peritoneal macrophages exosomes (Exos) as a drug carrier for berberine (Ber), which can be efficiently targeted to deliver drugs to the injured spinal cord due to the natural advantage of Exos across the BBB.
TL;DR: The biological functionality and biocompatibility of a common agriculture waste based AgNPs, suggest their promising role as a potential drug carrier in the field of therapeutics.
TL;DR: A review of hyaluronic acid-based drug delivery systems for ocular disease treatment can be found in this article, in which it is used as drug-polymer conjugate, drug carrier substrates and surface modifications of the carrier.
TL;DR: In this paper, chitosan-magnetite-reduced graphene oxide (CS-Fe3O4-RGO) nanocomposites were used for the targeted delivery of curcumin (Cur) as anticancer drugs to suppress MCF-7 breast cancer cells.
TL;DR: In this paper, an aerosolized nanoliposomal carrier for remdesivir (AL-Rem) against coronavirus disease 2019 was formulated using modified hydration technique.
TL;DR: In this article, a review of the modification in chitosan-based nanoparticles in delivering anticancer drugs against breast cancer cells from published papers recorded in Scopus, PubMed, and Google Scholar is presented for increasing the efficacy, selectivity and effectiveness of candidate drug carriers in the treatment of breast cancer.
Abstract: Breast cancer remains one of the world's most dangerous diseases because of the difficulty of finding cost-effective and specific targets for effective and efficient treatment methods. The biodegradability and biocompatibility properties of chitosan-based nanoparticles (ChNPs) have good prospects for targeted drug delivery systems. ChNPs can transfer various antitumor drugs to targeted sites via passive and active targeting pathways. The modification of ChNPs has attracted the researcher to the loading of drugs to targeted cancer cells. The objective of our review was to summarize and discuss the modification in ChNPs in delivering anticancer drugs against breast cancer cells from published papers recorded in Scopus, PubMed, and Google Scholar. In order to improve cellular uptake, drug accumulation, cytotoxicity, and selectivity, we examined different kinds of modification of ChNPs. Notably, these forms of ChNPs use the characteristics of the enhanced permeability and retention (EPR) effect as a proper parameter and different biological ligands, such as proteins, peptides, monoclonal antibodies, and small particles. In addition, as a targeted delivery system, ChNPs provided and significantly improved the delivery of drugs into specific breast cancer cells (MDA-MB-231, 4T1 cells, SK-BR-3, MCF-7, T47D). In conclusion, a promising technique is presented for increasing the efficacy, selectivity, and effectiveness of candidate drug carriers in the treatment of breast cancer.
TL;DR: In this article, a modified Cu-based MOF containing Folic acid was synthesized and incorporated in the suitable pectin electrospun nanofibers which not only improved the copper ions release behavior but also made the fiber mat stronger, antibacterial and induce angiogenesis, fibroblast migration, and proliferation due to loaded copper ions and folic acid.
TL;DR: The smart UV-crosslinkable chitosan hydrogel via click chemistry might provide a new drug carrier for active modulating opposite drug release behaviors.
TL;DR: In this article, the interaction and bond properties of anticancer drug doxorubicin (DOX), armchair single-walled carbon nanotube (SWCNT), and hydroxyl-and carboxyl-functionalized SWCNT (ƒ-SW-CNT) have been investigated based on DFT theory to design, improve and expand CNT drug carriers which is applied in biomedical systems such as drug delivery systems.
TL;DR: In this paper, a simple ionic gelation technique was employed to formulate Alginate (Alg), carboxymethyl chitosan (CMCs), and aminated chitosaan (AmCs) derivatives for the delivery of diclofenac sodium (DS) drugs.
Abstract: To develop an effective pH-sensitive drug carrier, alginate (Alg), carboxymethyl chitosan (CMCs), and aminated chitosan (AmCs) derivatives were employed in this study. A simple ionic gelation technique was employed to formulate Alg-CMCs@AmCs dual polyelectrolyte complexes (PECs) microcapsules as a pH-sensitive carrier for efficient encapsulation and release of diclofenac sodium (DS) drug. The developed microcapsules were characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), thermogravimetric analyzer (TGA), and scanning electron microscope (SEM). The results clarified that formation of dual PECs significantly protected Alg microcapsules from rapid disintegration at colon conditions (pH 7.4), and greatly reduced their porosity. In addition, the dual PECs microcapsules can effectively encapsulate 95.4% of DS-drug compared to 86.3 and 68.6% for Alg and Alg-CMCs microcapsules, respectively. Higher DS-release values were achieved in simulated colonic fluid [SCF; pH 7.4] compared to those obtained in simulated gastric fluid [SGF; pH 1.2]. Moreover, the drug burst release was prevented and a sustained DS-release was achieved as the AmCs concentration increased. The results confirmed also that the developed microcapsules were biodegradable in the presence of the lysozyme enzyme. These findings emphasize that the formulated pH-sensitive microcapsules could be applied for the delivery of diclofenac sodium.
TL;DR: The current review highlights the advances in the use of engineered dendrimers as biocompatible macromolecules having saccharides moieties in their chemical structures as a drug delivery system with an insightful and detailed discussion under four classifications.
06 Mar 2021
TL;DR: An overall unique schematization of a drug carrier production process has been added, highlighting the necessity to create a strong double link among world-requested versatility of drug carriers for human applications and the newly developed industrial processes.
Abstract: This work is aimed at providing a description of the complex world of drug carriers, starting from the description of this particular market in terms of revenue. Then, a brief overview of several types of conventional and innovative drug carrier systems has been included. The types of administration routes were also analyzed, with a critical and qualitative comment on drug release kinetics and drug profile shapes. Carriers were classified according to their ability to provide a prolonged and targeted release. The concept of the therapeutic window has been presented, providing advantages of having pulsed drug release to avoid side effects to target tissues. A critical comment on the use of conventional and innovative techniques for the production of drug carriers by large industrial companies has been proposed. As a final attempt for this work, an overall unique schematization of a drug carrier production process has been added, highlighting the necessity to create a strong double link among world-requested versatility of drug carriers for human applications and the newly developed industrial processes.
TL;DR: In this article, the authors summarized the current status of microemulsion-based systems for nose-to-brain delivery with special attention to the most extensively investigated neurological and psychiatric conditions, such as neurodegenerative diseases, epilepsy, and schizophrenia.
Abstract: Nose-to-brain drug delivery has recently attracted enormous attention as an alternative to other delivery routes, including the most popular oral one Due to the unique anatomical features of the nasal cavity, drugs administered intranasally can be delivered directly to the central nervous system The most important advantage of this approach is the ability to avoid the blood-brain barrier surrounding the brain and blocking the entry of exogenous substances to the central nervous system Moreover, selective brain targeting could possibly avoid peripheral side effects of pharmacotherapy The challenges associated with nose-to-brain drug delivery are mostly due to the small volume of the nasal cavity and insufficient drug absorption from nasal mucosa These issues could be minimized by using a properly designed drug carrier Microemulsions as potential drug delivery systems offer good solubilizing properties and the ability to enhance drug permeation through biological membranes The aim of this review is to summarize the current status of the research focused on microemulsion-based systems for nose-to-brain delivery with special attention to the most extensively investigated neurological and psychiatric conditions, such as neurodegenerative diseases, epilepsy, and schizophrenia