Topic
Drug carrier
About: Drug carrier is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 18276 publications have been published within this topic receiving 997718 citations. The topic is also known as: drug carriers & drug vehicle.
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TL;DR: The first bivalent-brush polymers are reported; these materials were prepared by graft-through ROMP of drug-loaded polyethylene-glycol (PEG) based macromonomers (MMs) and were at least 10-fold more toxic to human cancer cells after photoinitiated drug release.
Abstract: Graft-through ring-opening metathesis polymerization (ROMP) using ruthenium N-heterocyclic carbene catalysts has enabled the synthesis of bottle-brush polymers with unprecedented ease and control. Here we report the first bivalent-brush polymers; these materials were prepared by graft-through ROMP of drug-loaded polyethylene-glycol (PEG) based macromonomers (MMs). Anticancer drugs doxorubicin (DOX) and camptothecin (CT) were attached to a norbornene-alkyne-PEG MM via a photocleavable linker. ROMP of either or both drug-loaded MMs generated brush homo- and co-polymers with low polydispersities and defined molecular weights. Release of free DOX and CT from these materials was initiated by exposure to 365 nm light. All of the CT and DOX polymers were at least 10-fold more toxic to human cancer cells after photoinitiated drug release while a copolymer carrying both CT and DOX displayed 30-fold increased toxicity upon irradiation. Graft-through ROMP of drug-loaded macromonomers provides a general method for the systematic study of structure-function relationships for stimuli-responsive polymers in biological systems.
288 citations
TL;DR: The area of bio-adhesion in drug delivery had started some 20 years ago by using so-called muco-adhesive polymers Many of these polymers were already used as excipients in pharmaceutical formulations This has facilitated the development of the first bioadhesive drug products, which are now commercially available as discussed by the authors.
287 citations
TL;DR: Liposomes doped with porphyrin–phospholipid that are permeabilized directly by near-infrared light are described and spatial and temporal control of release of entrapped fluorophores following intratumoral injection are demonstrated.
Abstract: The delivery of therapeutic compounds to target tissues is a central challenge in treating disease. Externally controlled drug release systems hold potential to selectively enhance localized delivery. Here we describe liposomes doped with porphyrin–phospholipid that are permeabilized directly by near-infrared light. Molecular dynamics simulations identified a novel light-absorbing monomer esterified from clinically approved components predicted and experimentally demonstrated to give rise to a more stable porphyrin bilayer. Light-induced membrane permeabilization is enabled with liposomal inclusion of 10 molar % porphyrin– phospholipid and occurs in the absence of bulk or nanoscale heating. Liposomes reseal following laser exposure and permeability is modulated by varying porphyrin–phospholipid doping, irradiation intensity or irradiation duration. Porphyrin–phospholipid liposomes demonstrate spatial control of release of entrapped gentamicin and temporal control of release of entrapped fluorophores following intratumoral injection. Following systemic administration, laser irradiation enhances deposition of actively loaded doxorubicin in mouse xenografts, enabling an effective single-treatment antitumour therapy.
287 citations
TL;DR: This review is to summarize recent findings and applications of various cyclodextrins in ophthalmic drug delivery and their mechanism of action in aqueous eye drop formulations.
285 citations
TL;DR: The log-linear kinetics for long-circulating liposomes results from a significant decrease in the first phase of clearance into a high affinity, low capacity system, probably the cells of the mononuclear phagocyte system.
285 citations