Topic
Dynamic range
About: Dynamic range is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 7576 publications have been published within this topic receiving 101739 citations. The topic is also known as: DNR & DR.
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TL;DR: The electrocardiogram (ECG) measurement results are shown in this brief to substantiate the necessary low-frequency linearity improvement.
Abstract: A low-power reconfigurable biopotential sensing amplifier with highly linear feedback pseudoresistors is presented. Due to the gate-balanced pseudoresistors, amplifier linearity has been significantly improved, achieving a dynamic range more than 62.8 dB, with total harmonic distortion better than 60 dB across the whole bandwidth. An array of proposed amplifiers was fabricated in a 0.35-μm CMOS process. Measured input-referred noise is 2.81 μV rms with a midband gain of 40.3 dB. The noise efficiency factors corresponding to the bandwidth settings of 100 Hz, 1 kHz, and 10 kHz are 1.88, 1.93, and 2.05, respectively. Using a supply voltage of 2.5 V, each amplifier consumes 3.6 μA of current to achieve a bandwidth of 10 kHz, with a dynamic range of 63.7 dB. The electrocardiogram (ECG) measurement results are shown in this brief to substantiate the necessary low-frequency linearity improvement.
28 citations
15 Oct 2000
TL;DR: The X-ray Pixel Chip with Adaptable Dynamics (XPAD) as discussed by the authors is a pixel detector read-out chip especially developed for Xray diffraction, which uses the automatic pole-zero cancellation technique in order to keep the baseline stable even at counting rate as high as 10/sup 7/ photons per second.
Abstract: Hybrid pixel detectors featuring a high signal to noise ratio, real 2 dimensional reconstruction and local intelligence, have now been demonstrated to be one of the most powerful trackers for high energy physics experiments. They have, therefore, gained interest in other physics fields and for medical applications. However, the conversion of pixel detectors from high energy physics to X-ray detection is not completely straightforward and new challenges appear. For example, high counting rates, wide dynamic ranges and low detection levels are required. "XPAD" (X-ray Pixel Chip with Adaptable Dynamics) is a novel concept of a pixel detector read-out chip especially developed for X-ray diffraction. This circuit, submitted in a 0.8 /spl mu/m CMOS technology, contains 600 square pixels distributed into 24 columns of 25 elements each. The analogue part, gathering 2 cascaded amplifiers, uses the automatic pole-zero cancellation technique in order to keep the baseline stable even at counting rate as high as 10/sup 7/ photons per second. A fast discriminator allows a detection level from 5 keV (1200 electrons) to 50 keV. A new read-out concept based on a special overflow mechanism has been implemented for infinite dynamic range purposes. This technique permits also data transport during acquisition and motion reconstruction provided by some level of time tagging.
28 citations
TL;DR: In this article, an audio amplifier is provided having a compressor with an automatically-adjustable compressor control, which is linked to the volume control in an inverse relationship whereby, when the volume is reduced, the compression ratio is increased to boost the listening level of quieter passages in the source material.
Abstract: An audio amplifier is provided having a compressor with an automatically-adjustable compressor. Compression is linked to the volume control in an inverse relationship whereby, when the volume is reduced, the compression ratio is increased to boost the listening level of quieter passages in the source material. Conversely, when the volume is increased, the compression ratio is decreased. The compression control may be physically connected to the volume control, such as in a dual-potentiometer, or may be coupled electronically, such as with a digital signal processor. An effects level control may be included to allow a listener to increase or decrease the effect of the compression by applying a multiplier to the compression ratio. An ambient noise detector may also be included such that compression is increased as ambient noise increases or exceeds a predetermined level.
28 citations
TL;DR: In this article, an array of six superconducting tunnel junctions has been used in a heterodyne receiver over the frequency range 35-50 GHz for radio astronomical observations in the Onsala 20 m telescope.
Abstract: Arrays of six superconducting tunnel junctions have been used in a heterodyne receiver over the frequency range 35–50 GHz. The mixer array and a 3.7–4.2 GHz parametric amplifier used as the if amplifier are immersed in liquid helium and operated at 2 K. The high if allows single sideband operation with a system noise temperature varying rather smoothly from 220 K at 35 GHz to 140 K at 50 GHz. Mixer noise temperatures between 11 and 21 K were measured over the band indicating that the use of arrays to enhance the dynamic range does not seriously affect the mixer noise performance in this frequency range. The receiver is used for radio astronomical observations in the Onsala 20 m telescope in Sweden.
27 citations
TL;DR: In this paper , a gas sensor based on doubly resonant photoacoustic spectroscopy (PAS) was developed, in which the acoustic and optical waves are simultaneously enhanced using combined optical and acoustic resonators in a centimeter-long configuration.
27 citations