Topic
Dysarthria
About: Dysarthria is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 2402 publications have been published within this topic receiving 56554 citations.
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TL;DR: The results show significantly lower jaw movement variability during habitual speech but greater variability for clear speech in ALS relative to controls, which may be considered a mode of speech that produces high movement variability in talkers with ALS.
Abstract: Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) affects the speech motor system and causes a substantial decline in intelligibility. Clear speech strategies have been found to benefit intelligibility in talkers with dysarthria and the purpose of this study was to examine clear speech effects on tongue, lip, and jaw movements in persons with ALS and healthy controls. For this purpose, participants produced 10 repetitions of the sentence 'I owe you a yoyo' using both habitual and clear speech. Movement variability as well as maximum speed, range, and duration of movement of the articulators were obtained for both conditions. The results show significantly lower jaw movement variability during habitual speech but greater variability for clear speech in ALS relative to controls. The kinematic data was consistent with expectations for individuals with dysarthria. Based on these results, clear speech may be considered a mode of speech that produces high movement variability in talkers with ALS.
17 citations
TL;DR: The authors examined the impact of cues produced by an augmentative and alternative communication (AAC) device on the intelligibility of dysarthric speech, and found that providing topic cues enhances intelligibility.
Abstract: For speakers with severe dysarthria, particularly those with progressive diseases, behavioral modifications to improve intelligibility are often unrealistic. This study examined the impact of cues produced by an augmentative and alternative communication (AAC) device on the intelligibility of dysarthric speech. Young and old adults listened to sentences preceded by cues that were either general (“I have a question”) or topic specific (“I have a question about [topic]”). The analyses revealed significant age- and cue-type effects: Younger listeners were more accurate than older listeners were, and topic cues resulted in greater accuracy than general cues. There was also a word class effect that interacted with cue type. The results show that providing topic cues enhances the intelligibility of dysarthric speech.
17 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the effects of dopaminergic treatment on speech in patients with Parkinson's disease (PD) are often mixed and unclear, and the aim of this study was to better elucidate those discrepancies.
Abstract: Importance: The effects of dopaminergic treatment on speech in patients with Parkinson's disease (PD) are often mixed and unclear. The aim of this study was to better elucidate those discrepancies.
Methods: Full retrospective data from advanced PD patients before and after an acute levodopa challenge were collected. Acoustic analysis of spontaneous monologue and sustained phonation including several quantitative parameters [i.e., maximum phonation time (MPT); shimmer local dB] as well as the Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale (UPDRS) (total scores, subscores, and items) and the Clinical Dyskinesia Rating Scale (CDRS) were performed in both the defined-OFF and -ON conditions. The primary outcome was the changes of speech parameters after levodopa intake. Secondary outcomes included the analysis of possible correlations of motor features and levodopa-induced dyskinesia (LID) with acoustic speech parameters. Statistical analysis included paired t -test between the ON and OFF data (calculated separately for male and female subgroups) and Pearson correlation between speech and motor data.
Results: In 50 PD patients (male: 32; female: 18), levodopa significantly increased the MPT of sustained phonation in female patients ( p < 0.01). In the OFF-state, the UPDRS part-III speech item negatively correlated with MPT ( p = 0.02), whereas in the ON-state, it correlated positively with the shimmer local dB ( p = 0.01), an expression of poorer voice quality. The total CDRS score and axial subscores strongly correlated with the ON-state shimmer local dB ( p = 0.01 and p < 0.01, respectively).
Conclusions: Our findings emphasize that levodopa has a poor effect on speech acoustic parameters. The intensity and location of LID negatively influenced speech quality.
17 citations
17 citations
TL;DR: Limited changes in perceived hypernasality and nasalance scores were found following traditional dysarthria therapy, with only one participant exhibiting reduced nasalance at follow-up.
Abstract: Background: Hypernasality is a common feature of non-progressive dysarthria. However, limited research has investigated the effectiveness of treatments for this impairment. Preliminary research has revealed positive effects on nasalance when using increased loudness in certain non-progressive dysarthric speakers. However, the long-term effects of loud speech on nasalance as part of a structured intervention such as Lee Silverman Voice Treatment (LSVT)® are yet to be investigated in this population.Aims: The study aimed to investigate the short- and long-term effects of LSVT® on hypernasality (perceptual ratings and degree of nasalance) in non-progressive dysarthria; and secondly, to evaluate the effects of traditional dysarthria therapy on these same measures, in comparison with the effects of LSVT®.Methods & Procedures: Ten non-progressive dysarthric speakers with varying levels of hypernasality (taken from a larger research study) were randomly allocated to receive LSVT® (n = 5) or individually tailored...
17 citations