Topic
Dysarthria
About: Dysarthria is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 2402 publications have been published within this topic receiving 56554 citations.
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TL;DR: The presence of abnormal reflexes in the children with spastic cerebral palsy would suggest a correlation between these reflexes and sound articulation in Iranian children with scoliosis, and these observations might suggest some disturbances in normal speech development.
Abstract: How to Cite This Article: Dadgar H, HadianMR, Lira OA. Effects of Abnormal Oral Reflexes on Speech Articulation in Persian Speaking Children with Spastic Cerebral Palsy. Iran J Child Neurol. Summer 2016; 10(3):28-34.AbstractObjectiveThe purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between the presence of abnormal oral reflexes and speech sound production in children with severe cerebral palsy.MaterialsM 42:816–24.Karen W Krigger. Cerebral Palsy: An Overview. American Family Physician 2006; 73, 1; 91-100.O’Shea Michael T. Cerebral palsy in very preterm infants: New epidemiological insights. Mental retardation and developmental disabilities research. Reviews2002; 8: 135–145.Krageloh-Mann AIngeborg, Cans B Christine. Cerebral palsy updates. Brain & Development 2009;31 537–544.Andersen GL, Irgens LM, Haagaas I, Skranes JS, Meberg AE, Vik T. Cerebral palsy in Norway: Prevalence, subtypes and severity. Eur J Paediatr Neurol. 2008 Jan;12(1):4-13.Nordmark E, H gglund G, Lagergren J. Cerebral palsy in southern Sweden: Prevalence and clinical features, ActaPaediatrica 2001; 90: 271 – 1276.Pfeifer LI, Silva DB, Funayama CA, Santos JL. Classification of CerebralPalsy: Association between gender, age, motor type, topography and Gross Motor Function. Arq Neuropsiquiatr2009; 67(4):1057-1061.Hagberg B. Nosology and classification of cerebral palsy. Giorn Neuropsich Eta Evol Suppl 1989; 4:12–17.Otapowicz D, Sobaniec W, Kulak W, Sendrowski K. Severity of dysarthric speech in children with infantile cerebral palsy in correlation with the brain CT and MRI. Adv Med Sci 2007; Vol. 52 • Suppl. 1Selassie GR, Viggedal G, Olsson I, Jennische M. Speech, language, and cognition in preschool children with epilepsy. Dev Med Child Neurol 2008; 50: 432–438.Bjornson KF, McLaughlin JF, Loeser JD, Nowak-Cooperman KM, Russel M, Bader KA, Desmond SA.Oral motor, communication, and nutritional status of children during intrathecal baclofen therapy: a descriptive pilot study. Arch Phys Med Rehabil2003; 84:500-6.Mysak ED. Neuro speech therapy for the cerebral palsy (3rd ed). New York: Teacher college Press;1980.p.87-8,p.110-112.Sheppard JJ, Mysak ED. Ontogeny of infantile oral reflexes and emerging chewing. Child Dev 1984; 55:831-843.Sheppard JJ. Cranio-oropharyngeal motor patterns in dysarthria associated with cerebral palsy. J speech Hear Res 1964; 7:373-380.International Phonetic Alphabet: Handbook of the International Phonetic Association: A guide to the use of the International Phonetic AlphabetCambridge, U.K. & New York, NY: Cambridge University Press.1999.Damerchi Z, Jalilehvand N, Bakhtiari B, Keyhani MR.Development of Phonetic inventory in 2-to-6 year-old Farsi speaking children. Research in Rehabilitation Sciences2010;5:1.42-47. (In Persian).Dos Santos MT, Nogueira ML. Infantile reflexes and their effects on dental caries and oral hygiene in cerebral palsy individuals. J Oral Rehabil2005; 32; 880–885.Love RJ, Hagerman EL, Taimi EG. Speech performance, dysphagia and oral reflexes in cerebral palsy. J Speech Hear Disord 1980; 45(1):59-75.Platt LJ, Andrews G,Young M, Quinn PT. Dysarthria of adult cerebral palsy: Intelligibility and articulatory impairment. J Speech Hear Res 1980; 23(1):28-40.McFarland DH, Baum SR. Incomplete compensation to articulatory perturbation. J AcoustSoc Am1995; 97:1865-1873.Irwin OC. Communication variables of cerebral palsy and mentally retarded children. Springfield,IL: C.C. Thomas 1972.Shelley I, Velleman, Marilyn m, Vihman, phonology development in infancy and early childhood: implications for theories of language learning. In: Martha C. Pennington,editors. Phonology in Context. Basingstoke: Palgrave Macmillan;2006.p.34.Ingram TT. Clinical significance of the infantile feeding reflexes. Dev Med Child Neurol 1992; 4:159–169.Hixon T, Hardy J. Restricted motility of speech articulation in cerebral palsy. J Speech Hearing Dis1964; 29:293-306.Dubner R, Sessle BJ, Storey AT. The neural basis of oral and facial function. New York: Plenum Press. 1978.p.483.
6 citations
TL;DR: In this patient, tetraparesis progressed within 3 days to severe tetraspasticity with tetanic startle reactions and autonomic dysregulation, and brain MRI showed an old …
Abstract: Medial medullary infarcts account for fewer than 1% of vertebrobasilar strokes and rarely occur bilaterally1,2 Typical findings include hemiparesis sparing the face, dysarthria, and hypoglossal nerve palsy In our patient, tetraparesis progressed within 3 days to severe tetraspasticity with tetanic startle reactions and autonomic dysregulation Brain MRI showed an old …
6 citations
TL;DR: The results suggest that, as the severity of dysarthria increases, the duration of words is less affected by probabilistic variables, and these findings may be due to reductions in the control and execution of muscle movement exhibited by speakers with Dysarthria.
Abstract: Purpose In healthy speakers, the more frequent and probable a word is in its context, the shorter the word tends to be. This study investigated whether these probabilistic effects were similarly sized for speakers with dysarthria of different severities. Method Fifty-six speakers of New Zealand English (42 speakers with dysarthria and 14 healthy speakers) were recorded reading the Grandfather Passage. Measurements of word duration, frequency, and transitional word probability were taken. Results As hypothesized, words with a higher frequency and probability tended to be shorter in duration. There was also a significant interaction between word frequency and speech severity. This indicated that the more severe the dysarthria, the smaller the effects of word frequency on speakers' word durations. Transitional word probability also interacted with speech severity, but did not account for significant unique variance in the full model. Conclusions These results suggest that, as the severity of dysarthria increases, the duration of words is less affected by probabilistic variables. These findings may be due to reductions in the control and execution of muscle movement exhibited by speakers with dysarthria.
6 citations
TL;DR: Methods to measure dysarthria due to stroke and guide physicians in delineating a diagnostic protocol using the best current strategies are defined.
Abstract: OBJECTIVE To define methods to measure dysarthria due to stroke and guide physicians in delineating a diagnostic protocol using the best current strategies. DESIGN Systematic review. LITERATURE SURVEY A search was conducted on PubMed, EMBASE, the Cochrane Library, and Web of Science to identify measurement methods for dysarthria severity in adults after stroke. METHODS Two reviewers independently reviewed articles and came to a consensus about which ones to include. The authors excluded all duplicates, articles involving individuals with aphasia or other speech problems other than dysarthria, and articles unrelated to stroke. Articles were included if diagnostic measures were used to examine the effectiveness of speech rehabilitation in stroke patients. SYNTHESIS The search identified 1154 articles with the keywords "stroke" OR "ictus" OR "cerebral vascular accident" AND "dysarthria" OR "Speech and Language Disorders" AND "diagnosis" OR "assessment." The reviewers analyzed 86 full texts. There were 37 publications that met the criteria and were included in the systematic review. These articles were used to describe the main methods used for measuring the severity of stroke-related dysarthria before and after speech rehabilitation. CONCLUSION Despite the range of diagnostic tools available, robust trials are lacking, and the diagnostic approaches are always different. More research is needed to find the best diagnostic methodologies and delineate a definitive diagnostic protocol.
6 citations
04 Mar 2016
TL;DR: In this work, segments for modification are identified by automatically detecting the landmarks and large improvement in intelligibility is found after modification.
Abstract: Dysarthria is a motor speech disorder in which the person lacks the control over articulators used for speech production. This results in distorted speech, whose intelligibility is poor compared to the normal speakers. The distortion depends on the type of articulator and severity of the disease, because of which the problems tend to be person specific. Phonemic distortions in the dysarthric speech database for universal access research are analyzed in this work and the problem of devoicing in voiced stops is addressed. In this work, segments for modification are identified by automatically detecting the landmarks. Devoicing in voiced stops is rectified by introducing voice bar of low frequency before the burst onset. Intelligibility assessment is carried out by subjective test where, listeners assessed the intelligibility. Large improvement in intelligibility is found after modification.
6 citations