Topic
Dysarthria
About: Dysarthria is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 2402 publications have been published within this topic receiving 56554 citations.
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TL;DR: A review of motor speech interventions that adhere to principles of motor learning (PML) is presented in this paper , with a focus on children with cerebral palsy (CP) who suffer from dysarthria.
Abstract: Purpose: Dysarthria is common among children with cerebral palsy (CP) and results in poor speech intelligibility and subsequently low communicative participation. Neuroplasticity evidence suggests that adherence to principles of motor learning (PML) improves motor speech intervention outcomes. Motor speech interventions aim to improve speech intelligibility and ultimately facilitate participation, but the effectiveness of these interventions and their inclusion of PML are not clear. Aims are as follows: (a) evaluate the effectiveness motor speech interventions in improving speech intelligibility; (b) summarize the aims, outcome measures, and outcomes relating to the International Classification of Functioning and Disability Child and Youth; and (c) summarize the principles of motor learning used in the intervention. Method: Eight databases were searched, complemented by a hand search. Studies of any level of evidence were included if they used a motor speech intervention and measured speech in children with CP aged 0–18 years. Studies before 2000 or not in English were excluded. The review was conducted and reported according to Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines. Study quality was rated using the Single Case Experimental Design Scale and Physiotherapy Evidence Database-P rating scales. The strength of evidence was evaluated with Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development and Evaluation. Results: Of 1,036 initial articles, 21 were included. Eight interventions were identified including 131 participants aged 3–18 years. All studies aimed to improve speech intelligibility or articulation and reported improvement at sound, word, or sentence level. One study reported improvements in communicative participation. The strength of evidence ranged from very low to moderate for one intervention. Adherence to PML was inconsistent. Conclusions: The quality of evidence is very low to moderate. More research on motor speech interventions that adhere to PML is required. Supplemental Material: https://doi.org/10.23641/asha.21817959
2 citations
TL;DR: In this paper , the authors evaluated the reliability of different approaches for estimating the articulation rates in connected speech of Parkinsonian patients with different stages of neurodegeneration compared to healthy controls.
Abstract: This study aimed to evaluate the reliability of different approaches for estimating the articulation rates in connected speech of Parkinsonian patients with different stages of neurodegeneration compared to healthy controls.Monologues and reading passages were obtained from 25 patients with idiopathic rapid eye movement sleep behavior disorder (iRBD), 25 de novo patients with Parkinson's disease (PD), 20 patients with multiple system atrophy (MSA), and 20 healthy controls. The recordings were subsequently evaluated using eight syllable localization algorithms, and their performances were compared to a manual transcript used as a reference.The Google & Pyphen method, based on automatic speech recognition followed by hyphenation, outperformed the other approaches (automated vs. hand transcription: r > .87 for monologues and r > .91 for reading passages, p < .001) in precise feature estimates and resilience to dysarthric speech. The Praat script algorithm achieved sufficient robustness (automated vs. hand transcription: r > .65 for monologues and r > .78 for reading passages, p < .001). Compared to the control group, we detected a slow rate in patients with MSA and a tendency toward a slower rate in patients with iRBD, whereas the articulation rate was unchanged in patients with early untreated PD.The state-of-the-art speech recognition tool provided the most precise articulation rate estimates. If speech recognizer is not accessible, the freely available Praat script based on simple intensity thresholding might still provide robust properties even in severe dysarthria. Automated articulation rate assessment may serve as a natural, inexpensive biomarker for monitoring disease severity and a differential diagnosis of Parkinsonism.
2 citations
TL;DR: Dysarthria can have profound effects on children's quality-of-life and social participation and there has been a critical lack of research into the causes and treatments for this condition.
Abstract: Dysarthria can have profound effects on children's quality-of-life and social participation (Dickinson et al., 2007; Fauconnier et al., 2009). Despite such impacts, there has been a critical lack o...
2 citations
TL;DR: This article examined intelligibility of dysarthric speech with and without visible and concealed cues, and investigated the effects of word frequency, length and complexity on word recognition for dysarthria.
Abstract: Aims Alphabet cues are often applied to improve communication with people with speech impairment. Uncertainty remains regarding which factors associated with the individual participant applying the technique (e.g. type and severity of dysarthria) or with the technique itself (e.g. visual letter information or altered speech output) impact on outcome. This study examined intelligibility of dysarthric speech with and without visible and concealed cues, and investigated the effects of word frequency, length and complexity on word recognition. Methods Twenty-two listeners transcribed words (n=120) of varying length (monosyllabic n=66, disyllabic n=54) and varying complexity (simple onset n=60, complex onset n=60) from an audiorecording of an adult with severe dysarthria associated with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. Words were spoken with habitual speech, and with simultaneous pointing to the initial letter on an alphabet board (cueing). Intelligibility was tested in three listening conditions: habitual speec...
2 citations
01 Jan 1981
TL;DR: This monograph deals with disorders of language, not disorders of speech, which refers to the mechanical process of articulation, which can be disturbed by weakness, slowness, or incoordination of the muscles of the glossopharyngeal apparatus.
Abstract: Language is a means by which people communicate with each other using verbal symbols. Dysphasia may be defined as a disorder of language due to brain damage. This monograph deals with disorders of language, not disorders of speech. Speech refers to the mechanical process of articulation, which can be disturbed by weakness, slowness, or incoordination of the muscles of the glossopharyngeal apparatus. Such disturbances would be termed dysarthria, dysphonia, or mutism. The term dysphasia is applied to a neurological disorder resulting from damage to those regions of the cerebral hemispheres which form the anatomical basis for the human capacity for language.
2 citations