Dysarthria

About: Dysarthria is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 2402 publications have been published within this topic receiving 56554 citations.

A Study of Speech Phase in Dysarthria Voice Conversion System

Abstract: Dysarthria is a communication disorder common in people with damaged neuro-muscular apparatus resulting from events such as stroke. For a dysarthric speaker, voice conversion (VC) is one of the well-known approaches to improve speech intelligibility for a dysarthric speaker. Most of the well-known VC methods focus on converting amplitude features without phase information. Previous studies indicated that phase is an important factor in the speech signal. Therefore, we are interested in adding the correct phase information to VC for dysarthria speech. The results of automatic speech recognition and spectrum analysis show that intelligibility is improved by replacing the dysarthria phase with the normal phase during the synthesis step. It implies that the correct phase information must be considered for the dysarthria VC system.

High accuracy multilayer autoencoder trained classification method for diagnosis of Parkinson’s disease using vocal signals

Abstract: Abstract Dysarthria and dysphonia are two commonly occurring disorders of speech in Parkinson’s disease patient, which are observed in approximately 90 % of the disease cases. It has been reported that these disorders give early sign of Parkinson’s disease. Hence, effective development of diagnostic tools for detecting early biomarkers can help in controlling the symptoms of disease. In this paper, we have proposed a classification model using Multi- layer Autoencoder for feature space reduction. Comparisons among 6 types of classification methods with various feature space sizes were conducted to find out the best performing classification algorithm and feature space size based on accuracy, specificity, and sensitivity. Mel Frequency Cepstral method was used to extract set of features from voice signals of both healthy group and unhealthy group. The model showed promising results in classification when combined with Multi-Layer Autoencoder and SVM classifier.

Teaching NeuroImage: Acute Onset Gait Instability and Lateropulsion Secondary to Cerebellar Vermis Stroke

Abstract: A 65-year-old woman with hypertension, hyperlipidemia, ascending aortic aneurysm repair and valve replacement, and periprocedural atrial fibrillation (not on anticoagulation) presented with sudden-onset imbalance. The patient was on a treadmill when she experienced acute gait instability without vertigo. She held onto the bars to stay midline; otherwise, she leaned rightward. Examination revealed past-pointing and ataxic gait without dysarthria or nystagmus. Brain MRI demonstrated small superior vermis infarct. MRA revealed no significant stenosis. CTA of the chest showed an increase in known aortic pseudoaneurysm (Figure). Such pseudoaneurysms are not known to form thrombi or become embolic sources; she continued aspirin without anticoagulation. Gait instability and vertigo are common presenting signs of cerebellar infarction1; isolated lateropulsion may be seen in lesions involving the vermis.2

Oral sensation and perception in dysarthric adults.

Abstract: and perception; and second, to determine whether sensory deficit in the dysarthric Ss, if present, was significantly related to severity of dysarthria and speech intelligibility. Results indicate the dysarthric Ss displayed significant oral sensory and perceptual deficit on all three measures; however, correlations among oral sensory and perceptual Jeficir, severiry of dysarthria, and speech intelligibility wcre not significant. Communication disorders are commonly divided into disorders of input, integration, and output. Within this triad, an attempt is made to determine where in the nervous system communication breaks down. The dysarthrias, for example, are a group of speech disorders resulting from disturbances in muscular control of the speech mechanism due to damage to the central and/or peripheral nervous system and are believed to be the result of disruption at the lowest level of output. Dysarthria is assumed to be quite different from the speech of persons who have undergone experimentally induced oral sensory deprivation (Ringel & Steer, 1963) and who may be said to have a deficit at the lowest level of input. In fact, the majority of models representing communication disorders do not predict that oral sensory deficits might be observed in dysarchric adults. Neuroanatomy, however, would indicate a high probability of sensory deficit in dysarthria. Sensory and motor pathways are in close proximity and may overlap, even at cortical levels. Rutherford and McCall (1967) and Baker (1967) have documented sensory-perceptual deficits in dysarrhric cerebral palsied Ss, but there is no evidence of oral sensory-perceptual deficics in a heterogeneous group of dysarthric adults. The purpose of this study was twofold: first, to determine whether a heterogeneous group of dysarthric iadulcs nfould demonstrate significant oral sensoryperceptual deficit on tests of oral form identification, two-point discrimination, and mandibular kinesthesia when compared with performance of normal speakers, and, second, ro determine whether relationships exist among oral sensory-perceptual ability, intelligibility, and judged severity of dysarthria.