Dysarthria

About: Dysarthria is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 2402 publications have been published within this topic receiving 56554 citations.

A study of quantitative and qualitative analysis of standardized speech samples in persons suffering from dysarthria due to various neurological disorder

Abstract: Background: Dysarthria is manifested as a disorder of movement, it is important to recognize that sensori-motor integration (with tactile, proprioceptive, and auditory feed-back representing the crucial sensory components) is essential to speech motor control, from this standpoint, most or all dysarthria localized to the central nervous system should be thought of as sensori-motor rather than simply motor disturbances. Methods: This non-interventional, cross-sectional comparative, observational study, conducted in 100 study subjects (50 cases and 50 controls) from March 2016 to February 2017 at MGM medical college and MY hospital Indore, MP, India. Results: The mean age of normal population was 53 years and that of dysarthric population was 55 years. Among the dysarthric group, there were 10 cases of ataxic dysarthria, 23 cases of spastic dysarthria, and 9 cases of hypo kinetic dysarthria. There were 20 cases of mild dysarthria 19 cases of moderate dysarthria and 10 cases of severe dysarthria. In ataxic dysarthria, pitch break was found in 6 out of 10 subjects. It was found that there is negative predictive value 93.33%, and positive predictive value, 77.14% in spastic dysarthria and negative predictive value, 83.33% and positive predictive value, 90.90% in ataxic, whereas negative predictive value, 85.71% and positive predictive value, 95.34% in hypo kinetic dysarthria. Conclusions: Different types of dysarthria when analyzed with software tool after extracting pitch and formants showed specific patterns. These patterns correlated with the clinical diagnosis. And Pattern recognition of different dysarthria will help to identify the types of dysarthria in scientific way and prevent inter-subject variability.

Irinotecan-Associated Dysarthria in Patients with Pancreatic Cancer: A Single Site Experience.

Abstract: BACKGROUND Irinotecan, a topoisomerase I inhibitor, is a cytotoxic chemotherapeutic agent used to treat multiple malignancies, including those of colorectal, pancreatic, cervical, esophageal, gastric, and lung origin. Dysarthria, a state of difficult or unclear articulation of speech, has been reported as a rare side effect of irinotecan through multiple case reports and case series, but with limited published data aimed at understanding the underlying mechanism and effective management strategies. CASE REPORT We describe herein 3 cases of patients with pancreatic malignancy who experienced dysarthria while being treated with a chemotherapy regimen containing irinotecan at an ambulatory outpatient satellite chemotherapy site. All patients described received first-line FOLFIRINOX for pancreatic cancer and experienced dysarthria during their first infusion of irinotecan. In all cases, dysarthria was observed as a transient adverse drug reaction within the first 10 to 70 min of irinotecan infusion, which resolved rapidly upon pausing infusion without any long-term sequalae. All patients remained conscious and alert; physical and neurological examinations at dysarthria onset revealed no abnormalities. Some patients experienced distal extremity paresthesia, a known manifestation of oxaliplatin-induced acute neurotoxicity, and diaphoresis and nausea. Increased infusion time effectively prevented dysarthria during subsequent infusions. CONCLUSIONS Oncologists, pharmacists, nurses, and other care team members should be aware that irinotecan-associated dysarthria is a rare, mild, and self-limiting phenomenon to avoid inadvertently altering or withholding therapy. We suggest extending irinotecan infusion time, as opposed to dose reduction or treatment discontinuation, as a practical clinical management strategy for patients who develop recurrent dysarthria secondary to irinotecan infusion.

Permanent “foreign accent” after cyclosporine encephalopathy in a liver transplant patient

Abstract: Foreign accent syndrome (FAS) is a speech disorder that leads listeners to perceive the patient as having a foreign accent. The cardinal feature of FAS is prosody change, with variation in accent, intonation, and rhythm. Less frequently, phonetic changes with normal prosody may be detected. The composite features of patients with FAS are not characteristic of dysarthria or aphasia and partially resemble patients who have speech apraxia. Patients with FAS are often unfamiliar with the foreign language and often seem unaware of the disturbance, even though their ability to discriminate foreign accents is spared.

A Case of Hypoglossal Nerve Palsy after Tonsillectomy

Abstract: Tonsillectomy is a common procedure in the ENT department but unusual complications related to nerve injury might be associated with the surgery. We report a case of permanent hypoglossal nerve palsy following tonsillectomy in a 33-year-old female patient. The findings from the neu-rologic examination were unremarkable except for tongue deviation to the left, hemiatrophy of the tongue and associated dysarthria. Forceful pressure and stretch of hypoglossal nerve during surgery can explain the cause of injury. To avoid nerve compression, intermittent release of the mouth gag and avoidance of neck hyperextension are suggested especially when long operation time would be expected. Although rare, having knowledge of the existence of hypoglossal nerve injury complicating tonsillectomy is important when counseling patients.