Topic
Earth's magnetic field
About: Earth's magnetic field is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 20360 publications have been published within this topic receiving 446747 citations. The topic is also known as: magnetic field of Earth & geomagnetic field.
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01 Jan 1969
126 citations
TL;DR: In this article, a study of electrons in the earth's magnetosphere, measured by the Vela 2 satellites, and of magnetograms from high-latitude stations on the earth has revealed that hot plasma containing electrons of energy >45 kev often arrives suddenly in the plasma sheet of the magnetotail at the peak or during the recovery phase of a negative magnetic bay in the auroral zone.
Abstract: A study of electrons in the earth's magnetosphere, measured by the Vela 2 satellites, and of magnetograms from high-latitude stations on the earth has revealed that hot plasma containing electrons of energy >45 kev often arrives suddenly in the plasma sheet of the magnetotail at the peak or during the recovery phase of a negative magnetic bay in the auroral zone. It is found also that if a satellite is in the plasma sheet at the time a negative bay starts, it is likely to detect a decrease in the intensity and/or the average energy of the electrons there as the depth of the bay increases. These observations suggest that a contraction of the plasma sheet occurs during the development of a bay, followed by a sudden expansion starting at the beginning of bay recovery. It is concluded that the bursts of hot plasma in the magnetotail derive their energy from processes occurring inside the Vela satellite orbit (radial distance ∼17 RE). The relevance of these observations to models of the magnetosphere is discussed.
125 citations
TL;DR: The observations of magnetic declination and dip made in London over the past 400 years comprise one of the longest and most complete series of such data for anywhere in the world as discussed by the authors.
Abstract: The observations of magnetic declination and dip made in London over the past 400 years comprise one of the longest and most complete series of such data for anywhere in the world. They give an indication of secular change on a time scale intermediate between that of recent observatory measurements and of archaeomagnetic measurements. We have attempted to catalogue all direct measurements of declination and dip, paying particular attention to completeness in the earlier years, and tracing the data to their original source wherever possible. Sufficient details of the observations are given for an assessment of their reliability and accuracy. The data are then corrected to a single site, fitted with a continuous smooth curve, and discussed.
125 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the distribution of ionic density in the outer atmosphere extending beyond the ionosphere was investigated and it was found that the ion density is about 103 per cm3 at a distance of a few earth radii decreasing exponentially to a value of the order of 5 per cm 3 in interplanetary space.
Abstract: Summary
Hydromagnetic oscillations of the Earth's ionized outer atmosphere along the geomagnetic lines of force are considered. The observational evidence of world-wide geomagnetic pulsations yields the distribution of ionic density in the outer atmosphere extending beyond the ionosphere. It is found that the ion density is about 103 per cm3 at a distance of a few earth radii decreasing exponentially to a value of the order of 5 per cm3 in interplanetary space. A theoretical consideration of the temperature of the outer ionosphere is also discussed.
125 citations
TL;DR: In this article, shock wave formation on interaction between solar wind & geomagnetic field - effect of weak interplanetary magnetic field was studied. But the authors focused on the effect of the weak inter-planetary magnetosphere magnetic field on the solar wind.
Abstract: Shock wave formation on interaction between solar wind & geomagnetic field - effect of weak interplanetary magnetic field
124 citations