Topic
Earthquake shaking table
About: Earthquake shaking table is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 6285 publications have been published within this topic receiving 67710 citations.
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TL;DR: A summary of the current state of seismic analysis and design for underground structures can be found in this paper, where the authors discuss special design issues, including the design of tunnel segment joints and joints between tunnels and portal structures.
939 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, a similitude is derived for the shaking table tests on saturated soil-structure-fluid model in 1 g gravitational field, where the assumption is made upon the constitutive law of soil; i.e., the stress-strain relation is determined irrespective of the confining pressures if appropriate scaling factors are introduced for the stress and the strain for taking the effect of confining pressure into account.
551 citations
TL;DR: In this article, a tuned viscous mass damper (TVMD) was proposed for building systems, which uses a ball-screw mechanism to amplify an apparent mass amplifier using a fixed number of dampers.
Abstract: SUMMARY
In this study, we propose a new seismic control device, tuned viscous mass damper (TVMD), for building systems. We give a detailed description of an apparent mass amplifier using a ball-screw mechanism, which is one of the most important components for realizing the new device. We also derive a closed-form solution of an optimum seismic control design for a single-degree-of-freedom structure subjected to harmonic excitation. The performance of the new device is compared with those of the conventional viscous damper and viscous mass damper systems. The vibration control system using the TVMD is shown to be the most effective for linear structural systems with dampers having the same additional damping coefficient. The effectiveness of the TVMD for seismic excitation is verified by analyses and shake table tests with a small-scale TVMD. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
427 citations
Book•
01 Jan 2008TL;DR: In this article, the authors proposed a framework for detecting and analyzing earthquakes based on the properties of the ground motion and the earthquake response. But they did not consider the impact of the earthquake on buildings and lifelines.
Abstract: About the Authors. Foreword. Preface and Acknowledgements. Introduction. List of Abbreviations. List of Symbols. 1. Earthquake Characteristics. 1.1 Causes of Earthquakes. 1.1.1 Plate Tectonics Theory. 1.1.2 Faulting. 1.1.3 Seismic Waves. 1.2 Measuring Earthquakes. 1.2.1 Intensity. 1.2.2 Magnitude. 1.2.3 Intensity-Magnitude Relationships. 1.3 Source-to-Site Effects. 1.3.1 Directional Effects. 1.3.2 Site Effects. 1.3.3 Dispersion and Incoherence. 1.4 Effects of Earthquakes. 1.4.1 Damage to Buildings and Lifelines. 1.4.2 Effects on the Ground. 1.4.3 Human and Financial Losses. References. 2. Response of Structures. 2.1 General. 2.2 Conceptual Framework. 2.2.1 Definitions. 2.2.2 Strength-versus Ductility-Based Response. 2.2.3 Member-versus System-Level Consideration. 2.2.4 Nature of Seismic Effects. 2.2.5 Fundamental Response Quantities. 2.2.6 Social-Economic Limit States. 2.3 Structural Response Characteristics. 2.3.1 Stiffness. 2.3.2 Strength. 2.3.3 Ductility. 2.3.4 Overstrength. 2.3.5 Damping. 2.3.6 Relationship between Strength, Overstrength and Ductility: Force Reduction Factor 'Supply'. References. 3. Earthquake Input Motion. 3.1 General. 3.2 Earthquake Occurrence and Return Period. 3.3 Ground-Motion Models (Attenuation Relationships). 3.3.1 Features of Strong-Motion Data for Attenuation Relationships. 3.3.2 Attenuation Relationship for Europe. 3.3.3 Attenuation Relationship for Japan. 3.3.4 Attenuation Relationships for North America. 3.3.5 Worldwide Attenuation Relationships. 3.4 Earthquake Spectra. 3.4.1 Factors Influencing Response Spectra. 3.4.2 Elastic and Inelastic Spectra. 3.4.3 Simplified Spectra. 3.4.4 Force Reduction Factors (Demand). 3.4.5 Design Spectra. 3.4.6 Vertical Component of Ground Motion. 3.4.7 Vertical Motion Spectra. 3.5 Earthquake Records. 3.5.1 Natural Records. 3.5.2 Artificial Records. 3.5.3 Records Based on Mathematical Formulations. 3.5.4 Scaling of Earthquake Records. 3.6 Duration and Number of Cycles of Earthquake Ground Motions. 3.7 Use of Earthquake Databases. 3.8 Software for Deriving Spectra and Generation of Ground-Motion Records. 3.8.1 Derivation of Earthquake Spectra. 3.8.2 Generation of Ground-Motion Records. References. 4. Response Evaluation. 4.1 General. 4.2 Conceptual Framework. 4.3 Ground Motion and Load Modelling. 4.4 Seismic Load Combinations. 4.5 Structural Modelling. 4.5.1 Materials. 4.5.2 Sections. 4.5.3 Components and Systems for Structural Modelling. 4.5.4 Masses. 4.6 Methods of Analysis. 4.6.1 Dynamic Analysis. 4.6.2 Static Analysis. 4.6.3 Simplified Code Method. 4.7 Performance Levels and Objectives. 4.8 Output for Assessment. 4.8.1 Actions. 4.8.2 Deformations. 4.9 Concluding Remarks. References. Appendix A - Structural Configurations and Systems for Effective Earthquake Resistance. Appendix B - Damage to Structures. Index.
322 citations
Book Chapter•
01 Jan 1952
TL;DR: In this article, the authors propose a set of rules and procedures for the design of buildings to resist earthquakes based on a knowledge of the characteristics and intensities of earthquakes and how structures behave during an earthquake.
Abstract: [Introduction] The design of structures to resist earthquakes should be based upon a set of rules and procedures which give building designs having the following properties. Each part of the building should have approximately the same factor of safety, buildings of different types should all have approximately the same factors of safety, and the factor of safety should be of such a magnitude that buildings will not be seriously damaged by the strongest earthquake to which they are likely to be subjected. To establish rules which will give such designs, it is necessary to know the stresses that will be produced in structures when they are subjected to earthquakes. This requires a knowledge of the characteristics and intensities of earthquakes and a knowledge of how structures behave during an earthquake. Since no two earthquakes are identical and since there is a wide variation in the size, proportions, mass, rigidity and foundation conditions of structures, it is a difficult problem to determine precisely what happens to buildings during an earthquake.
321 citations