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East Asia

About: East Asia is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 17591 publications have been published within this topic receiving 274073 citations. The topic is also known as: Eastern Asia.


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BookDOI
01 Jan 2005
TL;DR: In this article, the U.S. Air Force assesses institutional changes in the operations of defense-industry enterprises in four sectors: missiles, shipbuilding, military aviation, and information technology/defense electronics.
Abstract: : Since the early 1980s, a prominent and consistent conclusion of Western research on China's defense-industrial complex has been that China's defense R&D and production capabilities are rife with weaknesses and limitations. In this study, we call into question this conventional wisdom. Our research found that certain Chinese defense enterprises are designing and producing a wide range of increasingly advanced weapons that, in the short term, are relevant to the Chinese military's ability to prosecute a possible conflict over Taiwan but also to China's long-term military presence in Asia. This study puts forward an alternative approach to assessing China's defense-industrial capabilities: From the vantage point of 2005, it is time to shift the focus of research to the gradual improvements in and the future potential of China's defense-industrial complex. This report is intended to help the U.S. Air Force assess the ability of Chinese defense industries to design and produce more capable weaponry in the coming decades. The study assesses institutional changes in the operations of defense-industry enterprises in four sectors: missiles, shipbuilding, military aviation, and information technology/defense electronics. The study, sponsored by the U.S. Air Force's Director for Operational Plans and Joint Matters (AF/XOX) and the Combatant Commander of the Pacific Air Force (PACAF/CC), is part of the RAND Corporation's ongoing research on China and China's military establishment. It is a companion study to " Keith Crane, Roger Cliff, Evan Medeiros, James C. Mulvenon, and William Overholt. Modernizing China's Military: Opportunities and Constraints, MG-260-AF, 2005. The information in this report is current as of January 2005.

97 citations

Book
01 Sep 1991
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors proposed a theoretical framework for the "typical" case - Latin America (Colombia and Mexico) and the "atypical") case - East Asia (Taiwan and South Korea) the "intermediate case - the Philippines and Thailand policy conclusions.
Abstract: Introduction theoretical framework the "typical" case - Latin America (Colombia and Mexico) the "atypical" case - East Asia (Taiwan and South Korea) the "intermediate" case - the Philippines and Thailand policy conclusions.

96 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors presented the first results of a new emission estimation algorithm, specifically designed to use daily satellite observations of column concentrations for fast updates of emissions of short-lived atmospheric constituents on a mesoscopic scale.
Abstract: . Due to changing economic activity, emissions of air pollutants in East Asia are changing rapidly in space and time. Monthly emission estimates of nitrogen oxides derived from satellite observations provide valuable insight into the evolution of anthropogenic activity on a regional scale. We present the first results of a new emission estimation algorithm, specifically designed to use daily satellite observations of column concentrations for fast updates of emissions of short-lived atmospheric constituents on a mesoscopic scale (~ 0.25° × 0.25°). The algorithm is used to construct a monthly NO x emission time series for the period 2007–2011 from tropospheric NO 2 observations of GOME-2 for East Chinese provinces and surrounding countries. The new emission estimates correspond well with the bottom-up inventory of EDGAR v4.2, but are smaller than the inventories of INTEX-B and MEIC. They reveal a strong positive trend during 2007–2011 for almost all Chinese provinces, related to the country's economic development. We find a 41% increment of NO x emissions in East China during this period, which shows the need to update emission inventories in this region on a regular basis. Negative emission trends are found in Japan and South Korea, which can be attributed to a combined effect of local environmental policy and global economic crises. Analysis of seasonal variation distinguishes between regions with dominant anthropogenic or biogenic emissions. For regions with a mixed anthropogenic and biogenic signature, the opposite seasonality can be used for an estimation of the separate emission contributions. Finally, the non-local concentration/emission relationships calculated by the algorithm are used to quantify the direct effect of regional NO x emissions on tropospheric NO 2 concentrations outside the region. For regions such as North Korea and the Beijing municipality, a substantial part of the tropospheric NO 2 originates from emissions elsewhere.

96 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors investigated spatial and temporal changes in precipitation over the Coordinated Regional Climate Downscaling Experiment (CORDEX) East Asia domain, for present (1986-2005) and future (2031-2050) periods using the Regional Climate Model version 4 (RegCM4).
Abstract: In this study, we investigated spatial and temporal changes in precipitation over the Coordinated Regional Climate Downscaling Experiment (CORDEX) East Asia domain, for present (1986–2005) and future (2031–2050) periods using the Regional Climate Model version 4 (RegCM4). Future meteorology produced by the Hadley Center Global Environmental Model version 2 coupled with the Atmosphere–Ocean (HadGEM2-AO) following global climate change scenarios (Representative Concentration Pathways (RCP) 4.5 and 8.5) was used as meteorological boundary conditions for the RegCM4. Six subregions (South Korea, North China, South China, Japan, Mongolia, and India) in the CORDEX East Asia domain were considered for analysis. The RegCM4 simulated spatial distributions of precipitation over East Asia with a correlation coefficient of 0.7 against Climate Research Unit data. The simulation skills of its temporal variability varied based on geographical regions and seasons, showing relatively poorer performance (underestimation in rainfall amount) in summer than in winter, in general. The future climate simulations by the RegCM4 presented that the East Asian continental regions will be warmer and more humid, leading to increased precipitation amounts, especially in the summer. The summer precipitation amount was projected to increase by about 5%, on average, over the East Asian domain, 5−15% in most subregions, and even higher (44% and 24%) in the South Korean region for the RCP 4.5 and 8.5 scenarios, respectively. It was also expected that heavy rainfall (> 50 mm/d) events may occur more frequently in the future possibly owing to meteorological changes that are favorable to convective heavy precipitation.

96 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors analyzed the impact of two massive shocks, the 2008-2009 Global Financial Crisis and the 2011 East Japan Earthquake, on Japanese exports, focusing on the characteristics of domestic/international production networks in machinery industries.
Abstract: This paper analyzes the impact of two massive shocks, the 2008-2009 Global Financial Crisis and the 2011 East Japan Earthquake, on Japanese exports, focusing on the characteristics of domestic/international production networks in machinery industries. Using monthly data of Japanese bilateral exports at the most disaggregated level, we decompose the fall and recovery of Japanese exports into intensive and extensive margins and also examine the exits and re-entries by applying logit estimation and survival analysis. Episodes of both shocks confirm the stability and robustness of production networks and the enhancing link with East Asia. On the other hand, differences between two shocks seem to generate differential impacts on corporate behavior.

95 citations


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Performance
Metrics
No. of papers in the topic in previous years
YearPapers
20242
2023609
20221,266
2021377
2020478
2019465